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Ed Jonas's blog
Quantum Weirdness
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Feb 3, 2008
Sunday
Alberta
Quantum Weirdness
Well hi...
over the years certain things have happened and I've always strived to figure out why and usually can jig some rational explanation for them but then again
there is always that inevitable bit that remains a puzzle. Today though a encompassing
explanation presents itself given my understanding of the effect of quantum weirdness that can occur on the molecular and nano levels. It boggles though
when we try to be purely rational beings in an unfathomable universe.
okay case in point
I was having car troubles yesterday probably due in inception to the cold weather so I found the source
was a loose battery connection so tighten it up and walla car starts and runs better than before but what? now the heater doesn't work.?????? So check the fuse
theyre okay and all solid in place . so search on internet and can not find or can find causes but people are now trying to make a buck selling such info with no guarentee that it will fix the problem so exit that route well duh ???? with that and give up for the day..... So anyway that was yesterday. So go out today
start the car and walla shes back to her old performance but bingo now the heater is working. Now some would say there maybe a timed circuit reset that clicked in overnight but then why is in not running as good as when the heater was out? so anyway on a molecular level it could be summed up that given the complexity humanity, machine and society has achieved things may now and perhaps were before to a lessor degree, operating in accord to a degree of quantum weirdness. Its either that or get out the wallet and spend a fortune trying to figure out what the now nonproblem was and then still have a few bits in left field that don't compute .... well I just as soon put it down to quantum weirdness than waste a lot of my life, time, and money pretending I can figure all such things out and find meaningful understanding and skill.
anyway
please adjust your sets
this is a quantum weirdness zone....
ed
Quantum Weirdness
Automatically translated into French thanks to WorldLingo
Puits
du 3 fév. 2008
dimanche
Alberta Quantum
Weirdness salut…
sur des années certaines les choses se sont produites et j'ai ai toujours tâché de figurer dehors pourquoi et habituellement peux bâtir une certaine explication raisonnable pour elles mais de l'autre côté
il y a toujours ce peu inévitable qui demeure un puzzle. Aujourd'hui bien qu'une explication
entourante se présente donné mon arrangement de l'effet du weirdness de quantum qui peut se produire aux niveaux moléculaires et de nano. Il rechigne cependant
quand nous essayons d'être les êtres purement raisonnables dans un univers insondable.
exemple correct
j'avais le dû d'ennuis de voiture hier probablement dans le commencement au temps froid est-ce qu'ainsi j'ai trouvé la source
étais un raccordement lâche de batterie ainsi serrez lui vers le haut et des débuts et des courses de voiture de walla meilleurs qu'avant mais ce qui ? maintenant le réchauffeur ne fonctionne pas. ? ? ? ? ? ? Vérifiez ainsi l'ok
et tout le solide de theyre de fusible en place. ainsi la recherche sur l'Internet et ne peut pas trouver ou peut trouver des causes mais les gens essayent-ils maintenant de faire un mâle vendant une telle information sans la garantie qu'elle fixera la sortie de problème ainsi qui conduisent le duh bon ? ? ? ? avec le ce et abandonnez pour le jour ..... Tellement de toute façon qu'était hier. Sortent ainsi aujourd'hui
le début les shes de voiture et de walla de nouveau à sa vieille exécution mais bingo-test maintenant que le réchauffeur fonctionne. Maintenant certains indiqueraient là peut-être un circuit synchronisé remis à zéro qui a cliqué dans durant la nuit mais puis pourquoi est en ne courant pas aussi bon que quand le réchauffeur était dehors ? tellement de toute façon à un niveau moléculaire il pourrait résumer que donné l'humanité de complexité, la machine et la société a réalisé des choses peuvent maintenant et peut-être était avant à un degré de bailleur, fonctionnant dans l'entente à un degré de weirdness de quantum. Son l'un ou l'autre qui ou sortent la pochette et dépensent une fortune essayant de figurer dehors ce qu'était maintenant le nonproblem et d'avoir alors toujours quelque peu dans le domaine gauche qui ne calculent pas…. le puits I juste comme bientôt mis lui vers le bas au weirdness de quantum que beaucoup de rebut de la ma vie, temps, et argent feignant je peux figurer toutes telles choses dehors et trouver l'arrangement et la compétence signicatifs.
quoi qu'il en soit
ajustez svp vos ensembles que
c'est une zone de weirdness de quantum….
E-D
Quantum Weirdness
Automatically translated into Spanish thanks to WorldLingo
Pozo
del 3 Feb de 2008
domingo
Alberta Quantum
Weirdness hola…
sobre años ciertas las cosas han sucedido y tengo me esforcé calcular hacia fuera porqué y puedo siempre cribar generalmente una cierta explicación racional por ellos pero entonces
hay otra vez siempre ese pedacito inevitable que sigue habiendo un rompecabezas. Hoy aunque una explicación
que abarca se presenta dado mi comprensión del efecto del weirdness del quántum que puede ocurrir en los niveles moleculares y del nano. Boggles sin embargo
cuando intentamos ser seres puramente racionales en un universo unfathomable.
¿ejemplo aceptable
tenía deuda de los apuros del coche ayer probablemente en el inicio al tiempo frío así que encontré la fuente
era una conexión floja de la batería así que apriete la para arriba y comienzo y los funcionamientos del coche del walla mejores que antes pero qué? ¿ahora el calentador no funciona.?????? Compruebe tan la autorización
y toda del theyre del fusible sólidas en lugar. ¿tan la búsqueda en Internet y no puede encontrar ni puede encontrar causas pero la gente ahora está intentando hacer un buck que vende tal Info sin garantía que fijará la salida del problema tan que encamina el duh bien???? con ese y dé para arriba para el día ..... Tan de todos modos que era ayer. Sale tan hoy
el comienzo los shes del coche y del walla de nuevo a su viejo funcionamiento pero bingo ahora que el calentador está funcionando. ¿Ahora algunos dirían allí quizá un circuito sincronizado reajustado que chascó en durante la noche pero entonces porqué consiste en el funcionamiento de tan bueno como cuando el calentador estaba hacia fuera? en un nivel molecular podría ser resumido tan de todos modos que dado la humanidad de la complejidad, ahora pueden la máquina y la sociedad ha alcanzado cosas y quizás estaba antes a un grado del arrendador, funcionando en acuerdo a un grado de weirdness del quántum. Su cualquiera que o sale de la carpeta y pasa una fortuna que intenta calcular hacia fuera cuál ahora era el nonproblem y después todavía tener algunos pedacitos en campo izquierdo que no computen…. el pozo I apenas según lo pronto puesto le abajo al weirdness del quántum que los muchos inútiles de mi vida, tiempo, y dinero que finge puedo calcular todas tales cosas hacia fuera y encontrar la comprensión y la habilidad significativas.
de todas formas
ajuste por favor sus sistemas que
esto es una zona del weirdness del quántum….
ed
Quantum Weirdness
Automatically translated into Italian thanks to WorldLingo
Pozzo
del 3 feb. 2008
domenica
Alberta Quantum
Weirdness ciao…
negli anni determinate le cose sono accaduto ed ho sempre mi sono sforzato calcolare fuori perchè e posso trivellare loro solitamente una certa spiegazione razionale per ma allora ci
è ancora sempre quella punta inevitabile che rimane un puzzle. Oggi benchè una spiegazione
comprendente si presenti dato la mia comprensione dell'effetto del weirdness di quantum che può accadere ai livelli di nano e molecolari. Boggles comunque
quando proviamo ad essere esseri puramente razionali in un universo unfathomable.
esempio calzante giusto
stavo avendo debito di difficoltà dell'automobile ieri probabilmente nell'inizio al tempo freddo in modo da ho trovato la fonte
ero un collegamento allentato della batteria in modo da stringalo in su ed inizio e funzionamenti dell'automobile di walla migliori di prima ma che cosa? ora il riscaldatore non funziona.?????? Così controlli l'approvazione
ed interamente il solido del theyre del fusibile sul posto. così la ricerca sul Internet e non può trovare o può trovare le cause ma la gente ora sta provando a fare un buck che vende tale Info senza la garanzia che riparerà l'uscita di problema così che dirige il duh buono???? con il quel e dia in su per il giorno ..... Così comunque che sia ieri. Così esce oggi
l'inizio gli shes di walla e dell'automobile di nuovo alle sue vecchie prestazioni ma bingo ora che il riscaldatore sta funzionando. Ora alcuni direbbero là forse un circuito cronometrato ripristinato che si è scattato in durante la notte ma allora perchè è nel funzionamento del buon quanto quando il riscaldatore era fuori? ad un livello molecolare potrebbe riassumersi così comunque che dato l'umanità di complessità, la macchina e la società ha realizzato le cose possono ora e forse era prima ad un grado del locatore, funzionante nell'accordo ad un grado del weirdness di quantum. Il relativo uno che o esce il raccoglitore e spende una fortuna che prova a calcolare fuori che cosa ora il nonproblem era ed allora ancora ad avere alcune punte nel campo di sinistra che non computano…. pozzo I appena come presto messo esso giù al weirdness di quantum che molto residuo la miei vita, tempo e soldi che fingono posso calcolare tutte le tali cose fuori e trovare la comprensione e l'abilità espressive.
in ogni modo
registri prego i vostri insiemi che
questa è una zona di weirdness di quantum….
ed
Quantum Weirdness
Automatically translated into German thanks to WorldLingo
3. Feb. 2008
Sonntag
Alberta
Quantum Weirdness
Brunnen hallo…
über Jahren bestimmten sind die Sachen geschehen und ich habe immer mich bemühte, heraus darzustellen warum und kann etwas rationale Erklärung für sie normalerweise rütteln, aber andererseits
gibt es immer diese unvermeidliche Spitze, die ein Puzzlespiel bleibt. Heute, obwohl eine umgebende
Erklärung mein Verständnis des Effektes von Mengeweirdness gegeben sich darstellt, der auf den molekularen und nano Niveaus auftreten kann. Es ist zwar sprachlos,
wenn wir versuchen, lediglich rationale Wesen in einem unfathomable Universum zu sein.
okaytypischer fall
hatte ich Schuld der Automühen gestern vermutlich in der Gründung zum kalten Wetter, also fand ich die Quelle
war ein loser Batterieanschluß, also ziehen Sie ihn oben und die walla Autoanfänge und -durchläufe, die als vor besser sind fest, aber was? jetzt arbeitet die Heizung nicht.?????? Überprüfen Sie so das Sicherung
theyre O.K. und ganz den Körper an der richtigen Stelle. so Suche auf Internet und kann nicht finden oder kann Ursachen finden, aber Leute versuchen jetzt, einen Dollar zu bilden, der solches Info ohne Garantie verkauft, daß sie den Ausgang des Problems so repariert, die wohles duh??? verlegen? mit diesem und geben Sie oben für den Tag ..... So irgendwie, daß Gestern war. So heute erlöschen
Anfang die Auto und walla shes zurück zu ihrer alten Leistung, aber Bingo, jetzt, welches die Heizung bearbeitet. Jetzt würden einige dort möglicherweise einen zeitgesteuerten Stromkreis sagen, der zurückgestellt wurde, der in über Nacht aber dann warum ist klickte, wenn es nicht so gutes wie laufen ließ, als die Heizung heraus war? so irgendwie auf einem molekularen Niveau könnte es aufsummiert werden, daß die Kompliziertheit Menschlichkeit gegeben worden, Maschine und Gesellschaft Sachen können jetzt erzielt hat und war möglicherweise vorher zu einem Vermietergrad und in der übereinstimmung zu einem Grad Mengeweirdness funktionieren. Sein irgendein das oder gehen die Mappe hinaus und wenden ein Vermögen auf, das, heraus darzustellen versucht, was das jetzt nonproblem war und einige Spitzen im links auffangen dann noch zu lassen, die rechnen nicht…. Brunnen I gerade, wie bald unten gesetzt ihm zum Mengeweirdness als eine überschüssige Menge mein Leben, Zeit und vortäuschendes Geld kann ich all diese Sachen heraus darstellen und sinnvolles Verständnis und Fähigkeit finden.
sowieso
justieren Sie bitte Ihre Sätze, die
dieses ist eine Mengeweirdness Zone….
E-D
Quantum Weirdness
Automatically translated into Portuguese thanks to WorldLingo
Poço de fevereiro 3,
2008
domingo
Alberta Quantum
Weirdness hi…
sobre anos determinadas as coisas aconteceram e eu tenho sempre strove figurar para fora porque e geralmente posso jig alguma explanação racional para eles mas então outra vez
há sempre esse bocado inevitável que remanesce um enigma. Hoje embora uma explanação
abrangendo se apresenta dado minha compreensão do efeito do weirdness do quantum que pode ocorrer nos níveis molecular e do nano. Boggles though
quando nós tentamos ser seres puramente racionais em um universo unfathomable.
caso aprovado no ponto
eu tinha a dívida dos problemas do carro ontem provavelmente no inception ao tempo frio assim que eu encontrei a fonte
era uma conexão frouxa da bateria assim que aperte-a acima e os começos e os funcionamentos do carro do walla melhores do que antes mas que? agora o calefator não trabalha.?????? Verifique assim a aprovação
e tudo do theyre do fusível contínuos no lugar. assim a busca no Internet e não pode encontrar nem pode encontrar causas mas os povos estão tentando agora fazer um buck que vende tal info com nenhuma garantia que reparará a saída do problema assim que distribuem o duh bom???? com esse e dê acima para o dia ..... Assim de qualquer maneira que era o ontem. Sai assim hoje
o começo os shes do carro e do walla para trás a seu desempenho velho mas bingo agora que o calefator está trabalhando. Agora alguns diriam lá talvez um circuito programado restaurado que estalasse em durante a noite mas então porque estivesse em não funcionar tão bom quanto quando o calefator estava para fora? assim de qualquer maneira em um nível molecular poder-se-ia resumir que dado o humanity da complexidade, a máquina e a sociedade conseguiram coisas podem agora e talvez ser-se-ia antes a um grau do lessor, operando-se no acordo a um grau de weirdness do quantum. Seu qualquer um que ou sai da carteira e gasta uma fortuna que tenta figurar para fora o que agora o nonproblem seja e então ainda ter alguns bocados no campo esquerdo que não computam…. o poço I apenas como posto logo lhe para baixo ao weirdness do quantum do que os muitos waste de meus vida, tempo, e dinheiro que finge eu posso figurar todas tais coisas para fora e encontrar a compreensão e a habilidade significativas.
em todo o caso
ajuste por favor seus jogos que
esta é uma zona do weirdness do quantum….
ed
Quantum Weirdness
Automatically translated into Swedish thanks to WorldLingo
Februari 3, 2008
söndag
Alberta
Quantum Weirdness
brunn hi…,
över år bestämda har saker händt, och jag har strävade för att figurera ut varför och vanligt kan alltid pimpla någon rationell förklaring för dem, men därefter igen
finns det alltid som ofrånkomligt bet det återstår ett pussel. , fast i dag en encompassing
förklaring framlägger sig som ges min överenskommelse av verkställa av quantumweirdnessen som kan uppstå på det molekylärt, och nanoen jämnar. Det studsar though
när oss försök att vara renodlat rationella beings i ett unfathomable universum.
det oka fallet pekar in
mig hade bilen besvärar igår antagligen rakt i inception till det kalla väder, så grundar I källan
var en lös batterianslutning, så dra åt upp den, och förbättrar wallabilstarter och körningar än för, men vad? nu fungerar värmeapparaten inte.?????? Kontrollera så säkrings
theyregodkännandet, och alla som är fasta förlägger in. så sökandet på internet och kan inte finna eller kan finna orsakar, men är folket nu pröva att göra en bock som säljer sådan info med ingen garanti, som det ska knipan problemet, så går ut den ruttbrunnduh???? med det och ge sig upp för dagen ....., Så på något sätt att var gårdaget. Ut så i dag går
starten bil- och wallashesna tillbaka till hennes gammala kapacitet, men bingoen värmeapparaten är nu funktionsduglig. Nu någon tajmad skulle för något att säga går runt där kanske nollställt det som klickas i över natten men därefter varför, är i inte rinnande så goda som, då värmeapparaten var ut? så på något sätt på ett molekylärt jämnt kunde det summeds upp det som gavs komplexitetsmänskligheten, bearbetar med maskin, och samhälle har uppnått saker kan nu och var kanske för till en lessorgrad, att fungera som är samstämmigt till en grad av quantumweirdness. Dess endera som eller får ut plånboken och spenderar en pröva förmögenhet för att figurera ut vad nonproblemen var nu och därefter stilla ha några bitar i vänstra del av ytterfältet som inte beräknar…., brunn I som snart satt det besegrar till quantumweirdnessen än förlorad en radda mitt liv, tajmar precis, och pengar, låtsa som jag kan figurera all sådan saker ut och finna meningsfull överenskommelse och expertis.
behaga
på något sätt justerar dina uppsättningar som
denna är en quantumweirdness zonplanerar….,
ed
Сумма Weirdness
Automatically translated into Russian thanks to WorldLingo
Добро
Weirdness
суммы
3-ье фев. 2008 воскресенья
Alberta hi…
над летами некоторые вещи случились и я имею всегда стремился вычислять вне почему и обычно могу танцевать джигу некоторое рациональное объяснение для их но then again
будет всегда тот неизбежный бит остает головоломкой. Сегодня хотя включая
объяснение представляет, котор дали мое вникание влияния weirdness суммы может произойти на уровнях молекулярных и nano. Оно испуг однако
когда мы пытаемся быть чисто рациональными существованиями в unfathomable вселенном.
одобренный случай в пункте
я имел должный тревог автомобиля вчера вероятно в inception к холодной погоде поэтому я нашел источник
был свободным соединением батареи поэтому затяните его вверх и старты и бега автомобиля walla более лучшие чем перед но? теперь подогреватель не работает.?????? Так проверите о'кейо
и совсем твердое тело theyre взрывателя in place. так поиск на интернете и не может найти или может найти причины но люди теперь пытаются сделать самец оленя продавая такой info без гарантии что они исправят выход проблемы так направляют хорошее duh???? с тем и дайте вверх на день ..... Настолько так или иначе что было вчера. Так go out сегодня
старт shes автомобиля и walla back to ее старое представление но bingo теперь, котор подогреватель работает. Теперь некоторые сказали бы там возможно timed переустановленную цепь щелкнула в всю ночь но после этого почему находится в не бежать как хорошее как когда подогреватель был вне? настолько так или иначе на молекулярном уровне оно смогло быть суммировано что после того как я дали гуманность сложности, машина и общество достигали вещей могут теперь и возможно было раньше к STEPENи арендора, работая в согласии к STEPENи weirdness суммы. Свое то или get out бумажник и тратит удачу пытаясь вычислять вне теперь nonproblem было и после этого все еще иметь немного битов в левом поле не вычисляют…. добро iий как раз как скоро после того как я положен его вплоть до weirdness суммы чем неныжное множество моих жизни, времени, и деньг претендуя я могу вычислять все такие вещи вне и находить содержательные вникание и искусство.
в лубом случае
пожалуйста отрегулируйте ваши комплекты, котор
это будет зона weirdness суммы….
ed
Quantum Weirdness
Automatically translated into Dutch thanks to WorldLingo
3 februari, 2008
Zondag
Alberta
QuantumWeirdness
goed hallo…
in de loop van de jaren zijn bepaalde dingen gebeurd en ik heb altijd ernaar streefde te berekenen waarom en gewoonlijk kan één of andere rationele verklaring voor hen ziften maar dan opnieuw
is er altijd dat onvermijdelijke beetje dat een raadsel blijft. Vandaag hoewel een omringende
verklaring zich gegeven mijn begrip van het effect van quantumweirdness voorstelt die op de moleculaire en nano niveaus kan voorkomen. Het boggles hoewel
wanneer wij zuiver rationele wezens in een unfathomable heelal proberen te zijn.
o.k. goed voorbeeld
had ik waarschijnlijk autoproblemen gisteren gepast in aanvang aan het koude weer zodat vond ik de bron
een losse batterijverbinding verscherpt het en zo het begin en de looppas van de wallaauto beter dan was vóór maar wat? nu werkt de verwarmer niet.?????? Controleer op zijn plaats zo de
o.k. zekering theyre en al vaste lichaam. zo kan het onderzoek op Internet en niet vinden of kan oorzaken vinden maar proberen de mensen nu om een buck die verkoopt dergelijke info zonder te maken waarborg dat het zo de probleemuitgang zal bevestigen die goed duh??? leiden? met dat en geef voor de dag op ..... Zo hoe dan ook was dat yesterday. Ga zo vandaag uit
begin de auto en walla shes terug naar haar oude prestaties maar bingo nu de verwarmer werkt. Nu zouden sommigen misschien daar een vastgestelde teruggestelde kring zeggen die in 's nachts maar toen klikte waarom is in niet zo goed het lopen zoals toen de verwarmer uit was? zo hoe dan ook op een moleculair niveau zou het kunnen worden samengevat dat gegeven het ingewikkeldheidsmensdom, de machine en de maatschappij dingen kunnen nu en misschien waren voordien aan een verhuurdersgraad hebben bereikt, die in overeenstemming aan een graad van quantumweirdness werkt. Zijn of dat of gaat de portefeuille weg en besteedt een fortuin proberend om te berekenen wat nu nonproblem was en dan nog een paar beetjes op linkergebied hebben die niet…. gegevens verwerken goed I zoals spoedig enkel toegeschreven het aan quantumweirdness dan verspilt heel wat mijn leven, tijd, en geld dat ik kan al dergelijke dingen uit voorstellen en zinvolle begrip en vaardigheid vinden beweert.
in elk geval
te passen gelieve uw reeksen aan
dit een quantumweirdnessstreek…. is
e-n
[قونتثم] [ويردنسّ]
Automatically translated into Arabic thanks to WorldLingo
فبراير - شباط 3, 2008
يوم الأحد
ألبيرتا
[قونتثم] [ويردنسّ]
بئر مرحبا…
على السنون مؤكّدة قد حدث أشياء وأنا أتلقّى دائما كافح أن يحسب خارجا لما وعادة يستطيع هززت بعض شرح منطقيّة ل هم غير أنّ [ثن غين]
هناك دائما أنّ يتحتّم لقمة أنّ يبقى لغة. اليوم رغم أنّ يحوي
شرح يقدّمبنفسي يعطى تفهمي من التأثير من كمّ [ويردنسّ] أنّ يستطيع وقعت على الجزيئيّة وقزمة مستويات. هو [بوغّل] مع ذلك
عندما يحاول نحن أن يكون كائن منطقيّة بصفاء في كوك عميقة.
[كس ين بوينت] حسنة تلقّى أنا كان سيارة اضطرابات بالأمس على الأرجح حق في بداية إلى الطقس باردة لذلك أنا أسّست المصدر
كان سائبة بطارية توصيل لذلك توتّرت هو فوق و [ولّا] سيارة بدايات وأشواط جيّدة من قبل غير أنّ ماذا? الآن لا يعمل المسخن.?????? هكذا فحصت المصهر
[ثر] موافقة وجميعا مادّة صلبة [إين بلس]. هكذا بحر على إنترنت ويستطيع لا يجد أو يستطيع وجدت أسباب غير أنّ الناس يكون الآن يحاولون أن يجعل كسارة يبيع هذا [إينفو] بلا ضمانة أنّ سيثبت هو المشكلة هكذا مخرجة أنّ يوجّه [دوه] جيّدة???? أعطيت مع أنّ وفوق لليوم ..... هكذا مهما كان أنّ كان أمس. هكذا ينصرف اليوم
بداية السيارة و [ولّا] [شس] [بك تو] أداءه قديمة غير أنّ لعبة الحظّ الآن المسخن يكون يعمل. الآن قال بعض هناك ربّما دارة موقوتة يعاد أنّ طقطق في بين عشيّة وضحاها غير أنّ بعد ذلك لما يكون في لا يركض مثل جيّدة بما أنّ عندما المسخن كان خارجا? هكذا مهما كان على مستوى جزيئيّة هو استطاع كنت أوجزت أنّ يعطي التعقيد إنسانية, قد حقّق آلة ومجتمعة أشياء يمكن الآن وربّما كان من قبل إلى مؤجرة درجة, يشغل في إتفاق إلى درجة من كم [ويردنسّ]. يطلع ه أحد أنّ أو المحفظة وينفق حظ يحاول أن يحسب خارجا ماذا ال الآن [نونبروبلم] كان وبعد ذلك بعد يتلقّى [ا فو] لقم في مجال يسرى أنّ لا يحسب…. بئر [إي] فقط بما أنّ قريبا يوضع هو إلى أسفل إلى كمّ [ويردنسّ] من [ا لوت] مهدورة من ي حياة, وقت, ومال يزعم أنا يستطيع حسبت كلّ هذا أشياء خارجا ووجدت ذو معنى تفهم ومهارة.
كيّفت مهما كان
رجاء مجموعتك
هذا يكون كمّ [ويردنسّ] منطقة….
[إد]
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The Charter of International Harmony
available in: (original) | | | | | | | | |
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Over the millenniums many of our species have fought and died for harmony. Chirst, Buddha, Abraham, Mary, Joan of Ark, Moses, Ghandi, Lincoln, Luther, Mother Teresa, Martin Luther King, the Kennedys, Trudeau.
What they have perhaps fought for , what they did fight for was The Right to Harmony, Their right to live in a harmonious world. so in unison with their great works can we petition then all and these in
a "Charter of Harmony" Not as policy or doctrine but as lessons and truths arising from this great fountain of love. A Love and Charter of and for International harmony.
Not sure of the author here but a nice segment of a larger piece
enjoy
ed
4. In Search of Harmony of Vital Forces
THE VITAL FORCES of humans, ethnos, and society consist of physical, spiritual, natural, intellectual, and technological forces. Harmony and balance of vital forces ensures stability within society, completeness of life, and historical, physiological, and social longevity. Should one of these constituents become exhausted, especially the spiritual or natural one, disharmony, degeneration, or even complete extinction of ethnos, society, or Homo sapiens itself may occur. Many outstanding philosophers of antiquity and the present time have sought to achieve harmony of human vital forces.
In the historical past, the relationship between humans and nature was determined to a great extent by the rhythm of processes. The concept of general recurrence of natural and social phenomena, as well as the cyclic evolution of ethnicities, communities, and peoples has been recognised since ancient times. Enlightened people—priests, high priests, and the wise realised it. Oswald Spengler, Arnold Toynbee, Gumilyov, and other famous thinkers recognised the correlation of nature and social phenomena. The vital forces of humanity, ethnos, and community are also cyclic in nature—they die away, only to transform and grow stronger in their new upsurge.
In ancient Greek philosophical schools, such as those of Plato and Pythagoras, youth were primarily taught how to attain harmony between body and soul, how to observe nature, and how to understand its secret forces and rhythm. This philosophy is still practised in Buddhist schools and monasteries today, that is, not as the conquest of nature but the true perception of nature in order to achieve harmonious co-existence.
Christianity has taught us that the implementation of the divine ideal includes the ethics of responsibility. Humans are truly religious and spiritual beings only when they resist the desire to harm living creatures or nature and when they submit to an inner incentive to create good and to love life. Christian ethics, as Albert Schweitzer argued, starts with this "reverence towards life."
Thales from Milet (about 625 or 640 - 547 or 545 B.C.), an ancient Greek philosopher, forefather of ancient philosophy, and founder of the Milet school, one of the first philosophical schools, associated all variety of matters with one initial element—water. He considered water a primal matter. Water, he taught, is the source and origin of everything. At the same time, water and everything that descended from it is not inanimate but alive. According to Thales, nature, both live and inanimate, has an initial driving force, namely the soul and god.
Lao Tzi (Li Er) (born in 604 B.C.), the great Chinese thinker and a founder of Taoism had similar teachings. The main notion of Taoism is Tao, which is metaphorically linked to water (susceptibility and resilience). Lao Tzi said: "The higher good is similar to water. Water enlivens all living creatures and never contests with them. Everything that doesn't comply with Tao (presumably, harmony) dies prematurely." Taoism is the philosophy or the path towards harmony. While one might not achieve absolute harmony, the path towards it will be righteous and a true path of development. According to Lao Tzi, people should not interfere with nature's way of development.
Pythagoras of Samos (circa 570-500 B.C.), the ancient Greek philosopher, also embraced similar teachings. Pythagoreans referred to the world as cosmos, implying its harmony and perfection (the Greek word cosme means "beauty"). Perfection of the cosmos is based on certain numerical correlations which are the basis of the motion of heavenly bodies. They are also the basis of musical harmony and may even be found in the proportions of the human body. Pythagoras was the first to call the discourse on animate life philosophy or love of wisdom.
Heraclites of Ephes (about 544-438 B.C.), another ancient Greek philosopher, extended some of these ideas. He developed the concept of perpetual flux and formation and taught us that "everything is in a state of flux," and "one can not step into the same river twice". According to Heraclites, humanity is part of nature. Nature (cosmos) is a perpetually living, pulsating flame (energy?) which was not created by anyone. It is eternal and immortal ('divine'). We should conform to nature and its "animate" soul—everlasting fire-Logos.
It is interesting how Heraclites sees "the barbarity of the human soul" in its specific corporeal state. He explains that although the soul originates from moisture, it tends to dry up. The difference between a 'wet' and a 'dry' soul determines the difference between a fool and a clever person. The soul of a wise man is the driest and the best. According to Heraclites, in the state of utmost dryness a soul radiates light.
Socrates (about 469-399 B.C.), another ancient Greek philosopher, was one of the founders of dialectics as a method of the search for truth. He regarded self-realisation as a way to achieve harmony, which was the aim of philosophy.
Democritus (circa 470-360 B.C.), the ancient Greek philosopher, considered the achievement of the highest level of well-being, or harmony, possible by limiting one's desires and by adopting a moderate lifestyle.
Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), the ancient Greek philosopher and universal thinker, conceived of the essentials of many new sciences, namely physics, biology, psychology, logic, and ethics. He considered god the highest instance of natural rather than social order. The roots of European civilisation extend back to ancient Greece, where a continuous, unified culture flourished. The ancient Greeks had a distinctly integral and clear vision of the world, as did Oriental philosophies in general, including Hinduism and Buddhism.
The scientific revolution is usually associated with the names of Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton. The scientific method was developed and we owe our present-day scientific and technical progress to it. Yet it destroyed the wholeness and integrity of the world. We alienated ourselves from nature. Disharmony prevailed in the development of civilisation. We are now facing its consequences and again trying to find a way back to harmony, but we tend to forget that humanity has already passed this way. Moreover, these paths were traversed differently in various countries of the world. There were always countries that were able to maintain the traditions of harmonious coexistence with nature, dynamic equilibrium between spiritual and material forces and between peoples and society for millennia.
Living as One with All
By
Todd F. Eklof
March 5, 2006
Master Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido, taught us that “All things , material and spiritual, originate from one source, and are related as if they were one family.”[1] This is not unlike what scientists are telling us today about the Universe, that all things originate from the, so called, Big Bang, and are, therefore, related. Indeed, even today, all beings are still so intimately related that we continue to share between us the very same atoms that were created in those first fiery moment 13.7 billion years ago. With each inhalation we take in almost a quadrillion of these atoms, that’s ten with 24 zero’s behind it, more than 1000 trillion. And with each exhalation we offer that same number of atoms back to the Universe. As Deepak Chopra explains, “we can show beyond a shadow of doubt that right this moment you have in your physical body at least a million atoms that were once in the body of Christ, or the Buddha, or Michelangelo, or Leonardo da Vinci, or Saddam Hussein, or Osama bin Laden, or George Bush. You have a million atoms right now that have been in the body of every single being that has existed since the dawn of creation. In just the last three weeks a quadrillion atoms have gone through your body and they have gone through the body of every other living species on this planet.”[2] Or, as theologian Matthew Fox simply says, “Creation brings us all together.”[3]
This is important information because it reminds us that we not only come from one source, but we remain connected to that source through our relation to each other, forever! As Thomas Aquinas understood, “each and every creature exists for the perfection of the entire universe.”[4] In other words, though each of us is individually imperfect, and incapable, therefore, of existing and continuing completely on our own, all things are created to work perfectly together. This means, furthermore, that the Universe would be incomplete without you! Without you, the entire universe would cease to exist! This isn’t to say that another universe, a universe without you might not spill into existence as a default, but the universe that now exists would be gone forever. Perhaps this is what William James understood when he suggested we can “see a world in a grain of sand, or heaven in a wildflower;”[5] Not that the entire Universe exists within each grain, or heaven within each flower, but that without that individual grain, or that individual flower, the entire Universe, as we know it, would be incomplete.
Surely this is what Master Ueshiba understood when he further advises us to “Return to that source, leaving behind all self-centered thoughts, petty desires, and anger. Those who are possessed by nothing possess everything.”[6] For it is only when we forget where we come from, and, subsequently, that all is related, part of one Universe, that our actions, through egocentrism, and the collective egocentrism we call “anthropocentrism,” that our actions become harmful to ourselves and to All Our Relations. “There is evil and disharmony in the world,” Ueshiba says, “because people have forgotten that all things emanate from one source.”[7] Or, as Black Elk explained, “Peace comes within the souls of [people] when they realize their relationship, their oneness with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the Universe dwells Wankan-Tanka [the Great Spirit], and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”[8]
For the sake of continuing our discussion, then, let us dare attempt to describe this Source, this Great Mother, from which all things originate. But in so doing, we must humbly understand what is meant when the Tao Te Ching explains, “the name that can be named is not the eternal Name,”[9] and when the Baghavad Gita tells us, “God has a million faces,” and the Rg Veda says, “The one being the wise call by many names.”[10] This is the reason the ancient Israelites, led through the wilderness by a nebulous cloud and an ever-changing ball of fire, considered it a sin to even speak the unspeakable name of God, and why the Jewish Kabbalah tells us, “Every definition of God leads to heresy.”[11] Even the word “God” itself if far too small and inadequate a lens through which to view this Source. As Erich Fromm understood, “The more I know what God is not, the more knowledge I have of God.” [12] Similarly, Meister Eckhart, who referred to God as Absolute Nothing, suggested we “cannot know what God is, even though [we] be ever so well aware of what God is not…”[13]
In Buddhism, therefore, this Source from which we come, and to which we must return, is simply called “Mu,” which means “Nothingness.” Before Creation is Mu, nothingness, chaos and confusion, and it is ultimately out of this dark void that the Universe is born. As cosmologist, Brian Swimme tells us, “Each of the sextillion particles that foamed into existence had its root in this quantum vacuum, this originating reality.”[14] Nevertheless, science now explains that at almost the first instant of Creation, certain laws came to exist that have governed the Universe ever since. Although there was a brief moment when the electrons, positrons, quarks, and neutrinos that were rapidly coming into being interacted freely and randomly, it didn’t take long, much less than a second, before the gravitational, electromagnetic and the two strong and weak nuclear interactions became the basic phenomenological laws governing reality. Again, as Swimme explains;
In this phase transition the fundamental architecture of the universe’s interactions was set for all time. ]It was not yet certain where the largest stars would appear, but the upper limits of their sizes and intensities were already fixed. It was not yet certain how many planets would come into existence, but an invisible ceiling for their highest mountains was already in place because the strengths of the interactions of the mountain’s constituents were now in place. It was not at all certain that bivalve mollusks would ever exist, but the possibility for shell sizes were now determined. It was certainly far from obvious whether or not there would ever exist anything like a mammal, but the fundamental range for how high they could leap or how powerfully they could clamp their jaws was now set into the sinews of the universe.[15]
Perhaps even more important than our existential dependence on the fundamental interactions established during the first instance of the Cosmic birth is the fact that other laws, that could easily have been, were not established. “Had it settled on a slightly different strong interaction,” Swimme continues, “all the future stars would have exploded in a brief time, making an unfurling of life impossible. Had the universe established a slightly different gravitational interaction, none of the future galaxies would have taken shape.”[16] The establishment of these fundamental laws, or, if you will, habits, out of Mu, nothingness, chaos, are the very principles that have given shape to the Universe ever since, and have allowed the myriad of things, ourselves included, to be.
In brief, then, chaos gave birth to order, and it is that particular order that has sustained us, and the entire Universe ever since. So, perhaps, the best name we can give this Source, besides Mu, Nothingness, Chaos, is Harmony. Again, although, by themselves all things and all beings are imperfect, all of us have evolved together to work perfectly together. Another way to put it is that the Universe is simply relationship. If we don’t connect with each other through right relations there is, as Ueshiba said, “evil and disorder in the world.” In his profound book, The Natural Way of Farming, Masanobu Fukuoka suggests we can really consider all the laws of the Universe as one law, which he calls, “The Law of Harmony.”[17]As he understands it, all things return to it this law until they are eventually reabsorbed into Mu, Nothingness, Chaos. “All things fuse into a circle,” he says, “which reverts to a point, and the point to nothing.”[18]
So it truly is important as we live our lives that we return, as much as possible, to our origins by living according the first law, the Law of Harmony. “Harmony,” says Master Ueshiba, “originates with the flow of all things—its heart is like the movement of the wind and waves. The Way is like the veins that circulate blood through our bodies, following the natural flow of the life force. If you are separated in the slightest from that divine essence, you are far off the path.”[19]
In the Creation story of the Huichol Indians of Northern Mexico, all of us once lived in the realm of the divine, but forgot our origins when we were born into this world through a long tunnel. Each day, Tatewari, the Highest God, the Sun, visits us in this world to remind us of our fiery origins, then moves across the sky, returning to darkness to further remind us of our true home. For the Huichol, then, the spiritual journey involves our attempt to remember our true history and origins. Carl Jung also found this motif of a return to the womb, or to a Mother image of some sort, among other peoples as well. “The meaning of this cycle of myths is clear enough,” he said, “it is the longing to attain rebirth through a return to the womb, and to become immortal like the sun.”[20]
What the Huichols refer to as our original descent into this world through a tunnel from a forgotten divine realm, transpersonal theorist, Ken Wilber simply calls, involution (as opposed to evolution). “The whole ‘downward’ movement, whereby Spirit playfully loses and forgets itself in successively lower levels,” he writes, “is called involution.”[21]He further defines involution as 1) the successive “moving away” from Godhead, 2) the successive lessening of consciousness, 3) a successive forgetting or amnesis, 4) a successive stepping down of Spirit, 4) a successive increasing of alienation, separation, dismemberment, and fragmentation, and, 6) a successive objectification, projection, and dualism.
As we spiral further down each level of involution, we forget all that came before, rendering us, as Wilber says, “unconscious.”[22] Fortunately, once this process us complete, and we have fully forgotten our origins, true evolution can occur, described by Wilber as, “the unfolding of the higher from the lower.”[23] “Where involution proceeded by successive separations and dismemberments,” he says, “evolution, as the reverse, proceeds by successive remembering or anamnesis (Plato’s ‘recollection’ or ‘remembrance,’ Sufi zikr, Hindu smara, Buddha’s ‘recollection,’ etc.). Further, anamnesis and holism are actually the same thing: to remember is really to re-member, or join again in higher unity.”[24]
Unlike the Darwinian idea, then, of evolution as merely “natural selection,” Wilber’s idea is that true evolution occurs the more we remember our connection to All That Is, the more holistically we come to see the Universe and our role in it, the more we climb upward, returning to the Godhead, to our true origins. This means, then, the more we move toward the Law of Harmony, towards all things working together as one, the higher our level of existence becomes, even though this Law of Harmony may be called by different names. Among the solar systems we call it gravity or attraction. Among people it is called equality. In economics it’s called justice. In the environment it’s called sustainability. Science calls it homeostasis. Artists called it balance. Art lovers call it beauty. Philosophers call it truth, and moralists call it good. As Ueshiba says, “The Way of Harmony is a celebration of the bonding of heaven, earth, and humankind. It is all that is true, good, and beautiful.”[25] Whatever we may call it, the Law of Harmony is the first law of creation, the law within each of the trillions of billions of atoms we share together in each eternal moment, with each eternal breath.
La charte de l'harmonie internationale
Automatically translated into French thanks to WorldLingo
Au cours des milléniums plusieurs de nos espèces ont combattu et sont mortes pour l'harmonie. Chirst, Bouddha, Abraham, Mary, Joan d'arche, Moïse, Gandhi, Lincoln, Luther, mère Teresa, Martin Luther King, le Kennedys, Trudeau.
Pour ce qu'ils ont peut-être combattu, pour ce qu'ils ont combattu était la droite à l'harmonie, leur droite de vivre dans un monde harmonieux. tellement à l'unisson avec leurs grands travaux pouvons nous pétitionnons alors tous et ces derniers dans
une « charte d'harmonie » pas comme politique ou doctrine mais comme leçons et vérités résultant de cette grande fontaine de l'amour. Un amour et une charte et pour d'harmonie internationale.
Non sûr de l'auteur ici mais d'un segment gentil d'un plus grand morceau
appréciez
E-D
4. À la recherche de l'harmonie des forces essentielles
LES FORCES ESSENTIELLES des humains, des ethnos, et de la société se composent des forces physiques, spirituelles, normales, intellectuelles, et technologiques. L'harmonie et l'équilibre des forces essentielles assure la stabilité chez la société, la perfection de la vie, et la longévité historique, physiologique, et sociale. Si un de ces constituants deviennent épuisé, particulièrement spirituels ou normaux, désaccord, dégénération, ou même l'extinction complète des ethnos, la société, ou les sapiens de Homo elle-même peuvent se produire. Beaucoup de philosophes exceptionnels de l'antiquité et de l'époque actuelle ont cherché à réaliser l'harmonie des forces essentielles humaines.
Dans le passé historique, le rapport entre les humains et la nature ont été déterminés en grande partie par le rythme des processus. Le concept de la répétition générale des phénomènes normaux et sociaux, aussi bien que l'évolution cyclique des appartenances ethniques, des communautés, et des peuples a été identifié depuis des périodes antiques. Personne-prêtres éclairés, hauts prêtres, et le sage réalisé lui. Oswald Spengler, Arnold Toynbee, Gumilyov, et d'autres penseurs célèbres ont identifié la corrélation de la nature et des phénomènes sociaux. Les forces essentielles de l'humanité, des ethnos, et de la communauté sont également répétition dedans que nature-ils meurent loin, seulement pour transformer et se développer plus forts dans leur nouvelle croissance.
Dans les écoles philosophiques de Grec antique, de ce type de Platon et de Pythagore, on a principalement enseigné la jeunesse comment atteindre l'harmonie entre le corps et l'âme, comment observer la nature, et comment comprendre ses forces et rythme de secret. Cette philosophie est encore pratiquée dans les écoles et les monastères bouddhistes aujourd'hui, c'est-à-dire, pas comme conquête de nature mais perception vraie de nature afin de réaliser la coexistence harmonieuse.
Le christianisme nous a enseigné que l'exécution de l'idéal divin inclut l'éthique de la responsabilité. Les humains sont véritablement les êtres religieux et spirituels seulement quand ils résistent au désir de nuire aux créatures ou à la nature vivantes et quand ils soumettent à une incitation intérieure pour créer bon et pour aimer la vie. Éthique chrétienne, comme Albert Schweitzer a discuté, débuts avec ceci « vénération vers la vie. »
Thales de Milet (environ 625 ou 640 - 547 ou 545 B.C.), d'un philosophe de Grec antique, d'ancêtre de philosophie antique, et de fondateur de l'école de Milet, une des premières écoles philosophiques, a associé toute la variété de sujets à l'une élément-eau initiale. Il a considéré l'eau une question principale. Arrosez, il a enseigné, est la source et l'origine de tout. En même temps, l'eau et tout qui sont descendues de lui n'est pas inanimée mais vivante. Selon Thales, la nature, de phase et inanimée, a une première force d'entraînement, à savoir l'âme et le dieu.
Tzi laotien (Li heu) (soutenu dans 604 B.C.), le grand penseur chinois et un fondateur de Taoism ont eu les enseignements semblables. La notion principale de Taoism est Tao, qui est métaphorique lié pour arroser (susceptibilité et résilience). Tzi laotien dit : « Le bon plus haut est semblable pour arroser. L'eau anime tous les créatures et jamais concours vivants avec eux. Tout qui n'est pas conforme à Tao (vraisemblablement, harmonie) meurt prématurément. « Taoism est la philosophie ou le chemin vers l'harmonie. Tandis qu'on ne pourrait pas réaliser l'harmonie absolue, le chemin vers lui sera juste et un chemin vrai du développement. Selon Tzi laotien, les gens ne devraient pas interférer la manière de la nature du développement.
Pythagore de Samos (circa 570-500 B.C.), le philosophe de Grec antique, enseignements semblables également embrassés. Pythagoreans s'est rapporté au monde comme cosmos, impliquant son harmonie et perfection (le cosme grec de mot signifie la « beauté »). La perfection du cosmos est basée sur certaines corrélations numériques qui sont la base du mouvement des corps merveilleux. Ils sont également la base de l'harmonie musicale et peuvent même être trouvés dans les proportions du corps humain. Pythagore était le premier pour appeler le discours sur la philosophie de la vie ou l'amour animée de la sagesse.
Heraclites d'Ephes (environ 544-438 B.C.), un autre philosophe de Grec antique, a prolongé certaines de ces idées. Il a développé le concept du flux et de la formation perpétuels et nous a enseignés que « tout est dans un état de flux, » et « on ne peut pas faire un pas dans le même fleuve deux fois ». Selon Heraclites, l'humanité fait partie de nature. La nature (cosmos) est perpétuellement une vie, flamme de palpitation (l'énergie ?) ce qui n'a pas été créé par n'importe qui. Il est éternel et immortel (« devinez »). Nous devrions nous conformer à la nature et son « animez » les feu-Logos âme-éternels.
Il est intéressant comment Heraclites voit « la barbarie de l'âme humaine » dans son état corporel spécifique. Il explique que bien que l'âme provienne de l'humidité, elle tend à sécher vers le haut. La différence entre « a mouillé » et une âme « sèche » détermine la différence entre un imbécile et une personne intelligente. L'âme d'un homme sage est la plus sèche et la meilleure. Selon Heraclites, dans l'état de plus grande sécheresse une âme rayonne la lumière.
Socrates (environ 469-399 B.C.), un autre philosophe de Grec antique, était l'un des fondateurs des dialectiques comme méthode de recherche de la vérité. Il a considéré l'individu-réalisation comme une manière de réaliser l'harmonie, qui était le but de la philosophie.
Democritus (circa 470-360 B.C.), le philosophe de Grec antique, a considéré l'accomplissement du de plus haut niveau du bien-être, ou de l'harmonie, possible en limitant des désirs à un et en adoptant un style de vie modéré.
Aristote (384-322 B.C.), le philosophe de Grec antique et le penseur universel, conçus des bases de beaucoup de nouvelles sciences, à savoir physique, biologie, psychologie, logique, et éthique. Il a considéré un dieu l'exemple le plus élevé de normal plutôt que l'ordre social. Les racines de la civilisation européenne se prolongent de nouveau à la Grèce antique, où une culture continue et unifiée s'est épanouie. Les Grecs antiques ont eu une vision distinctement intégrale et claire du monde, de même que les philosophies orientales généralement comprenant l'hindouisme et le bouddhisme.
La révolution scientifique est habituellement associée aux noms de Copernic, de Galilée, et de newton. La méthode scientifique a été développée et nous lui devons notre progrès scientifique et technique actuel. Pourtant il a détruit l'intégrité et l'intégrité du monde. Nous nous sommes aliénés de la nature. Le désaccord a régné dans le développement de la civilisation. Nous faisons face maintenant à ses conséquences et essayons encore de trouver une manière de nouveau à l'harmonie, mais nous tendons à oublier que l'humanité a déjà passé de cette façon. D'ailleurs, ces chemins ont été traversés différemment dans plusieurs pays du monde. Il y avait toujours des pays qui pouvaient maintenir les traditions de la coexistence harmonieuse avec la nature, équilibre dynamique entre les forces spirituelles et matérielles et entre les peuples et la société pendant des milléniums.
Voyage vert de Whither
Utopias au passé ou aux visions du futur ?
par Arnab Roy Chowdhury
(cygnes - 19 novembre 2007) l'Utopie est littéralement « débarquent nulle part, » une société idéale dans un autre endroit où la liberté, l'égalité, et la justice règne. Une terre au delà de l'exploitation, de la guerre, de la pauvreté, et de l'oppression. Utopias sont généralement extrêmement critique au sujet de la situation actuelle de la société (Frankland, Barry, 2002). Les philosophies d'Utopic sont récurrentes au cours de l'histoire des idées ; ils ont reblanchi maintes et maintes fois dans la myriade de formes, dans différents âges. Nous avons « l'utopie marxiste » comme exemple le plus éclatant, qui a l'influence la plus dominante dans l'histoire humaine. De même nous avons des utopias verts, qui est la matière de la discussion de cet article.
« Utopias vert » ou « Eco-topias » sont les sociétés modèles où l'homme et la nature existent en harmonie et interdépendance parfaites. Le philosophe d'eco-topist croit qu'il y avait un « idéal-type » condition dans le passé où cet état d'harmonie parfaite a régné réellement, celle est une fois qu'ils étaient « réalité empirique » (Geus, 1999). Maintenant les modèles idéaux de ces sociétés intacts dans leur esprit, « les radicaux verts, » d'une mode semblable comme « radicaux marxistes, » veulent à une société de créer où les conditions immaculées régneront.
La politique écologique a éclaté dehors dans la scène dans les années 60 en retard, une période où l'anarchisme a été rétabli comme idéologie politique importante. La génération des années 60 a été désabusée avec le capitaliste et les idées de marxiste en raison des débâcles de ces idéologies de trouver une solution appropriée pour la misère et l'exploitation humaines, et une direction appropriée pour le bonheur et l'émancipation humains. Avec la grande dépression économique de 1929 suivis des désastres de la deuxième guerre mondiale et de l'oppression par des régimes marxistes autoritaires, cette génération avait perdu tout, ils ont voulu retourner dans le nostalgique après, ils ont voulu vivre hors « du pas accéléré de l'histoire, » ils ont rêvé de leur village leur nature et leur vie idyllique qu'ils ont par le passé appréciées, et ils ont perçu que l'evilness de l'avarice humaine pour la richesse et la puissance a détruit la nature et leur vie. C'est le fond dont la pensée politique de vert a émergé.
La politique verte a en général deux approches, une est plus ou moins anthropocentrique, peu profond, moins d'environnementalisme radical ; l'autre est ecologism profond, biocentric, radical. Ils que tous les deux ont leurs propres utopias, moins de radicaux croient en société égalitaire en harmonie avec la nature, où la nature a certainement une existence utilitaire ; considérant que les proto-verts plus radicaux croient donner l'égalité des droits d'équiper et tout autre biota non-humain, où la nature a sa propre valeur intrinsèque non-utilitaire. La forme de mouvements verts qui s'est développée en Amérique, en Australie, et en Scandinavie, qui sont en fait les pays développés de capitaliste, plus ou moins dépend de la philosophie radicale proto-verte ; considérant que les mouvements environnementaux des pays du tiers monde, des pays la plupart du temps pauvres et sous-développés, dépendent des principes écologiques peu profonds de la justice environnementale, où la parité dans la distribution des ressources environnementales est importante, qui est de pair assortie à la discussion sur le développement soutenable (Guha, 1997, 2000, 2006).
La pensée eco-politique radicale et peu profonde dérive beaucoup de son inspiration de trois lignes des philosophies : Anarchisme, romantisme, et Profond-Ecologism, qui sont en fait semblables de beaucoup de manières. Je les discuterai un.
L'anarchisme est principalement une philosophie française développée par Proudhon et Bakunin, et plus tard par Peter Kroptokin. Murray Bookchin a pris l'idée de Kroptokin, lui a donné une torsion écologique, et a développé l'école « de l'écologie sociale. » Une grande partie de la pensée politique environnementale vient des eco-anarchistes. L'anarchie de mot dérive du mot grec « sans règle, » mais sans règle n'est pas apparentée avec « sans règles, » ainsi il serait erroné d'égaliser la « anarchie » avec le « chaos. » L'anarchie parfaite est un état d'égalité politique parfaite. Les anarchistes s'opposent principalement à l'état et à sa nature coercitive ; ils croient qu'une société apatride est possible et préférable qu'état-dominée. Maintenant une société apatride peut très bien s'appeler une société utopique, mais la croyance même qu'une fois qu'ils existaient prête l'étiquette utopique un amarrage empirique (lumière, 2002).
Le romantisme était un mouvement littéraire et philosophique rempli de combustible par le travail de Rousseau en France, de Goethe en Allemagne, et des poèts Coleridge et Wordsworth en Grande-Bretagne. La créativité de valeur de Romanticists et la liberté d'une expérience individuelle et un souci authentique pour la nature intacte et la tradition rurale. Le mouvement s'est épanoui en Europe de l'ouest et Amérique du 1750s au 1870s. Son individualisme avec une appréciation melancholic de nature de disparaition a fait le radical de romantisme politiquement, et il peut voir comme proto-vert pour lier ces thèmes (Stephens, 2002).
De même, « le mouvement profond d'écologie » peut être tracé d'un article écrit par le philosophe norvégien et l'activiste environnemental Arne Naess en 1973, eu droit le mouvement peu profond et profond d'écologie (longue gamme) : Un résumé. Naess rejette » l'approche écologique « peu profonde en faveur du dernier et écrit que « l'écologie profonde » est concernée par (a) le rejet de l'image de homme-dans-environnement, en faveur de l'image totale apparentée de champ ; (b) égalitarisme biospherical en principe ; (c) Principe de diversité et de combat du maintien d'Anti-Classe de la symbiose (d) (e) contre l'autonomie de la complication (G) de complexité de l'épuisement de pollution et de ressource (f) pas et la décentralisation locales (Barry, 2002). Toutes ces philosophies ont des contraintes de « deepness » et de « superficialité » dans eux, elles diffèrent dans leur radicalisme et elles ont différentes visions de l'Utopie.
Maintenant, il n'y a aucun problème avec Utopias en tant que tel, dans chaque société et chaque culture elle existe dans différentes formes, mais les visions myopes du futur créent souvent le problème en cours de route les réalisant. Les écologistes peu profonds ont été accusés du naiveté politique du populisme et de la renaissance des forces anti-séculaires de droite en Inde ; en raison de leur souci matériel immédiat ils ont souvent formé des alliances inconfortables avec les forces communales, ils sont souvent réactionnaires en nature n'ayant aucune idéologie politique particulière ou même les visions alternatives du futur et leurs mouvements deviennent ainsi une extrémité dans et par elle-même. Les critiques disent que leur image parfaite de la société oppressionless en fait n'a jamais existé dans l'histoire de la civilisation humaine, et c'est pourquoi ils sont des utopias (Prasad, 2003, 2004). Les « Profond-écologistes radicaux, » ont été accusés des vues anti-humaines, ils ont formulé de « une plateforme huit points, » dans le quatrième point dont ils disent, « l'épanouissement de la vie humaine et la culture est compatible avec une diminution substantielle de la population humaine, alors que l'épanouissement de la vie non-humaine exige cette diminution » (Barry, 2002) ; et dans le huitième point ils disent, « ceux qui souscrivent à ce qui précède ont une obligation de mettre en application les changements nécessaires » (Barry, 2002), il peuvent être clairement compris qu'il y a une implication surnaturelle de l'idéologie fasciste extrême dans ces principes. Ceci signifie qu'ils peuvent aller à n'importe quelle longueur « mettre en application les changements nécessaires » pour réduire la population humaine et elle peut mener à un autre nazi ou à un « holocauste » marxiste (Staudenmaier, 1995).
Comme j'ai dit il n'y a aucun problème avec l'utopie en tant que telle -- J'admire les rêves qui donnent la cause et la raison de vivre, cette poussée nous vers l'accomplissement de meilleures conditions vivantes, le bonheur, et la liberté, mais ces rêves devraient être réglables. Quand une cause ou une raison devient plus grande qu'elle-même et son but devient plus important que ses moyens, alors le but objectif maîtrise le sujet humain, au commencement pour à qui plus-value le but a été formulée. Les comptes historiques de la perte environnementale devraient nous donner un signal d'alarme que nous devrions employer notre environnement avec la prudence et pas avec le profligacy (Guha, 2006) ; il n'est bon tant que l'histoire agit en tant que professeur, mais ni si lui agit en tant qu'une autorité commandante ni lui devrait être employée comme prétexte de prendre la vengeance. Le passé peut certainement être un modèle qui nous inspire mais les mensonges de réponse à l'avenir, pour lesquels nous devons séance d'entraînement amicablement avec nos ressources.
Références
Barry, John (2002) « écologie profonde » en John Barry et encyclopédie internationale de Frankland de gène (E-D.) de la politique environnementale, Londres : LES Etats-Unis : Le Canada Routledge.
Geus, M.A. De (1999), Utopias écologique : Envisagement de la société soutenable, livres internationaux, Ultrecht.
Guha, 1997) variétés de Ramachandra (d'environnementalisme : Essais nord et sud (avec Joan Martinez-Alier), pression d'université d'Oxford, Inde.
Guha, Ramachandra, (2000) environnementalismes : Une histoire globale, pression d'université d'Oxford, New Delhi.
Guha, Ramachandra (2006) How Much Should a Person Consume? Thinking Through the Environment, University of California, Berkeley Press; Permanent Black, India.
Light, Andrew (2002), "Murray Bookchin" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Prasad, Archana (2003) Against Ecological Romanticism: Verrier Elwin and the Making of an Anti-Modern Tribal Identity, Gurgaon, India Three Essays Collective.
Prasad, Archana (2004), Environmentalism and the Left, New Delhi Leftword Books
Staudenmaier, Peter (1995) "Fascist Ideology: The Green Wing of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents" in Peter Staudenmaier and Janet Biehl (ed) Ecofascism; Lessons from German Experience, Edinburgh, Scotland
Stephens, Piers H.G.(2002) "Romanticism" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Living as One with All
By
Todd F. Eklof
March 5, 2006
Master Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido, taught us that “All things , material and spiritual, originate from one source, and are related as if they were one family.”[1] This is not unlike what scientists are telling us today about the Universe, that all things originate from the, so called, Big Bang, and are, therefore, related. Indeed, even today, all beings are still so intimately related that we continue to share between us the very same atoms that were created in those first fiery moment 13.7 billion years ago. With each inhalation we take in almost a quadrillion of these atoms, that’s ten with 24 zero’s behind it, more than 1000 trillion. And with each exhalation we offer that same number of atoms back to the Universe. As Deepak Chopra explains, “we can show beyond a shadow of doubt that right this moment you have in your physical body at least a million atoms that were once in the body of Christ, or the Buddha, or Michelangelo, or Leonardo da Vinci, or Saddam Hussein, or Osama bin Laden, or George Bush. You have a million atoms right now that have been in the body of every single being that has existed since the dawn of creation. In just the last three weeks a quadrillion atoms have gone through your body and they have gone through the body of every other living species on this planet.”[2] Or, as theologian Matthew Fox simply says, “Creation brings us all together.”[3]
This is important information because it reminds us that we not only come from one source, but we remain connected to that source through our relation to each other, forever! As Thomas Aquinas understood, “each and every creature exists for the perfection of the entire universe.”[4] In other words, though each of us is individually imperfect, and incapable, therefore, of existing and continuing completely on our own, all things are created to work perfectly together. This means, furthermore, that the Universe would be incomplete without you! Without you, the entire universe would cease to exist! This isn’t to say that another universe, a universe without you might not spill into existence as a default, but the universe that now exists would be gone forever. Perhaps this is what William James understood when he suggested we can “see a world in a grain of sand, or heaven in a wildflower;”[5] Not that the entire Universe exists within each grain, or heaven within each flower, but that without that individual grain, or that individual flower, the entire Universe, as we know it, would be incomplete.
Surely this is what Master Ueshiba understood when he further advises us to “Return to that source, leaving behind all self-centered thoughts, petty desires, and anger. Those who are possessed by nothing possess everything.”[6] For it is only when we forget where we come from, and, subsequently, that all is related, part of one Universe, that our actions, through egocentrism, and the collective egocentrism we call “anthropocentrism,” that our actions become harmful to ourselves and to All Our Relations. “There is evil and disharmony in the world,” Ueshiba says, “because people have forgotten that all things emanate from one source.”[7] Or, as Black Elk explained, “Peace comes within the souls of [people] when they realize their relationship, their oneness with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the Universe dwells Wankan-Tanka [the Great Spirit], and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”[8]
For the sake of continuing our discussion, then, let us dare attempt to describe this Source, this Great Mother, from which all things originate. But in so doing, we must humbly understand what is meant when the Tao Te Ching explains, “the name that can be named is not the eternal Name,”[9] and when the Baghavad Gita tells us, “God has a million faces,” and the Rg Veda says, “The one being the wise call by many names.”[10] This is the reason the ancient Israelites, led through the wilderness by a nebulous cloud and an ever-changing ball of fire, considered it a sin to even speak the unspeakable name of God, and why the Jewish Kabbalah tells us, “Every definition of God leads to heresy.”[11] Even the word “God” itself if far too small and inadequate a lens through which to view this Source. As Erich Fromm understood, “The more I know what God is not, the more knowledge I have of God.” [12] Similarly, Meister Eckhart, who referred to God as Absolute Nothing, suggested we “cannot know what God is, even though [we] be ever so well aware of what God is not…”[13]
In Buddhism, therefore, this Source from which we come, and to which we must return, is simply called “Mu,” which means “Nothingness.” Before Creation is Mu, nothingness, chaos and confusion, and it is ultimately out of this dark void that the Universe is born. As cosmologist, Brian Swimme tells us, “Each of the sextillion particles that foamed into existence had its root in this quantum vacuum, this originating reality.”[14] Nevertheless, science now explains that at almost the first instant of Creation, certain laws came to exist that have governed the Universe ever since. Although there was a brief moment when the electrons, positrons, quarks, and neutrinos that were rapidly coming into being interacted freely and randomly, it didn’t take long, much less than a second, before the gravitational, electromagnetic and the two strong and weak nuclear interactions became the basic phenomenological laws governing reality. Again, as Swimme explains;
In this phase transition the fundamental architecture of the universe’s interactions was set for all time. ]It was not yet certain where the largest stars would appear, but the upper limits of their sizes and intensities were already fixed. It was not yet certain how many planets would come into existence, but an invisible ceiling for their highest mountains was already in place because the strengths of the interactions of the mountain’s constituents were now in place. It was not at all certain that bivalve mollusks would ever exist, but the possibility for shell sizes were now determined. It was certainly far from obvious whether or not there would ever exist anything like a mammal, but the fundamental range for how high they could leap or how powerfully they could clamp their jaws was now set into the sinews of the universe.[15]
Perhaps even more important than our existential dependence on the fundamental interactions established during the first instance of the Cosmic birth is the fact that other laws, that could easily have been, were not established. “Had it settled on a slightly different strong interaction,” Swimme continues, “all the future stars would have exploded in a brief time, making an unfurling of life impossible. Had the universe established a slightly different gravitational interaction, none of the future galaxies would have taken shape.”[16] The establishment of these fundamental laws, or, if you will, habits, out of Mu, nothingness, chaos, are the very principles that have given shape to the Universe ever since, and have allowed the myriad of things, ourselves included, to be.
In brief, then, chaos gave birth to order, and it is that particular order that has sustained us, and the entire Universe ever since. So, perhaps, the best name we can give this Source, besides Mu, Nothingness, Chaos, is Harmony. Again, although, by themselves all things and all beings are imperfect, all of us have evolved together to work perfectly together. Another way to put it is that the Universe is simply relationship. If we don’t connect with each other through right relations there is, as Ueshiba said, “evil and disorder in the world.” In his profound book, The Natural Way of Farming, Masanobu Fukuoka suggests we can really consider all the laws of the Universe as one law, which he calls, “The Law of Harmony.”[17]As he understands it, all things return to it this law until they are eventually reabsorbed into Mu, Nothingness, Chaos. “All things fuse into a circle,” he says, “which reverts to a point, and the point to nothing.”[18]
So it truly is important as we live our lives that we return, as much as possible, to our origins by living according the first law, the Law of Harmony. “Harmony,” says Master Ueshiba, “originates with the flow of all things—its heart is like the movement of the wind and waves. The Way is like the veins that circulate blood through our bodies, following the natural flow of the life force. If you are separated in the slightest from that divine essence, you are far off the path.”[19]
In the Creation story of the Huichol Indians of Northern Mexico, all of us once lived in the realm of the divine, but forgot our origins when we were born into this world through a long tunnel. Each day, Tatewari, the Highest God, the Sun, visits us in this world to remind us of our fiery origins, then moves across the sky, returning to darkness to further remind us of our true home. For the Huichol, then, the spiritual journey involves our attempt to remember our true history and origins. Carl Jung also found this motif of a return to the womb, or to a Mother image of some sort, among other peoples as well. “The meaning of this cycle of myths is clear enough,” he said, “it is the longing to attain rebirth through a return to the womb, and to become immortal like the sun.”[20]
What the Huichols refer to as our original descent into this world through a tunnel from a forgotten divine realm, transpersonal theorist, Ken Wilber simply calls, involution (as opposed to evolution). “The whole ‘downward’ movement, whereby Spirit playfully loses and forgets itself in successively lower levels,” he writes, “is called involution.”[21]He further defines involution as 1) the successive “moving away” from Godhead, 2) the successive lessening of consciousness, 3) a successive forgetting or amnesis, 4) a successive stepping down of Spirit, 4) a successive increasing of alienation, separation, dismemberment, and fragmentation, and, 6) a successive objectification, projection, and dualism.
As we spiral further down each level of involution, we forget all that came before, rendering us, as Wilber says, “unconscious.”[22] Fortunately, once this process us complete, and we have fully forgotten our origins, true evolution can occur, described by Wilber as, “the unfolding of the higher from the lower.”[23] “Where involution proceeded by successive separations and dismemberments,” he says, “evolution, as the reverse, proceeds by successive remembering or anamnesis (Plato’s ‘recollection’ or ‘remembrance,’ Sufi zikr, Hindu smara, Buddha’s ‘recollection,’ etc.). Further, anamnesis and holism are actually the same thing: to remember is really to re-member, or join again in higher unity.”[24]
Unlike the Darwinian idea, then, of evolution as merely “natural selection,” Wilber’s idea is that true evolution occurs the more we remember our connection to All That Is, the more holistically we come to see the Universe and our role in it, the more we climb upward, returning to the Godhead, to our true origins. This means, then, the more we move toward the Law of Harmony, towards all things working together as one, the higher our level of existence becomes, even though this Law of Harmony may be called by different names. Among the solar systems we call it gravity or attraction. Among people it is called equality. In economics it’s called justice. In the environment it’s called sustainability. Science calls it homeostasis. Artists called it balance. Art lovers call it beauty. Philosophers call it truth, and moralists call it good. As Ueshiba says, “The Way of Harmony is a celebration of the bonding of heaven, earth, and humankind. It is all that is true, good, and beautiful.”[25] Whatever we may call it, the Law of Harmony is the first law of creation, the law within each of the trillions of billions of atoms we share together in each eternal moment, with each eternal breath.
La carta de la armonía internacional
Automatically translated into Spanish thanks to WorldLingo
Sobre los milenios muchas de nuestras especies han luchado y han muerto por armonía. Chirst, Buddha, Abraham, Maria, Joan de la arca, Moses, Gandhi, Lincoln, Luther, madre Teresa, Martin Luther King, el Kennedys, Trudeau.
Para qué quizás han luchado, para qué lucharon estaba la derecha a la armonía, la su derecha de vivir en un mundo armonioso. tan en unísono con sus grandes trabajos podemos solicitamos entonces todos y éstos en
una “carta de la armonía” no como la política o doctrina sino como las lecciones y las verdades que se presentan de esta gran fuente del amor. Un amor y una carta y para de la armonía internacional.
No seguro del autor aquí pero de un segmento agradable de un pedazo más grande
goce
de ed
4. En busca de la armonía de fuerzas vitales
LAS FUERZAS VITALES de seres humanos, de ethnos, y de la sociedad consisten en fuerzas físicas, espirituales, naturales, intelectuales, y tecnológicas. La armonía y el balance de fuerzas vitales asegura estabilidad dentro de la sociedad, lo completo de la vida, y longevidad histórica, fisiológica, y social. Si uno de estos componentes se convierte agotado, especialmente espiritual o natural, disonancia, degeneración, o aún la extinción completa de ethnos, la sociedad, o los sapiens de Homo sí mismo pueden ocurrir. Muchos filósofos excepcionales de la antigüedad y del actual tiempo han intentado alcanzar la armonía de fuerzas vitales humanas.
En el pasado histórico, la relación entre los seres humanos y la naturaleza fueron determinadas en gran parte por el ritmo de procesos. El concepto de la repetición general de fenómenos naturales y sociales, así como la evolución cíclica de pertenencias étnicas, de comunidades, y de la gente se ha reconocido desde épocas antiguas. Gente-sacerdotes aclarados, sacerdotes altos, y el sabio observado le. Oswald Spengler, Arnold Toynbee, Gumilyov, y otros pensadores famosos reconocieron la correlación de la naturaleza y de fenómenos sociales. Las fuerzas vitales de la humanidad, de ethnos, y de la comunidad son también cíclico adentro que naturaleza-mueren lejos, sólo para transformar y para crecer más fuertes en su nuevo aumento.
En escuelas filosóficas del Griego antiguo, tales como las de Platón y de Pythagoras, la juventud fue enseñada sobre todo cómo lograr armonía entre el cuerpo y el alma, cómo observar la naturaleza, y cómo entender sus fuerzas y ritmo del secreto. Esta filosofía todavía se practica en escuelas y monasterios budistas hoy, es decir, no como la conquista de la naturaleza pero la opinión verdadera de la naturaleza para alcanzar coexistencia armoniosa.
El cristianismo nos tiene enseñado que la puesta en práctica del ideal divino incluye el ética de la responsabilidad. Los seres humanos son verdad seres religiosos y espirituales solamente cuando se oponen al deseo de dañar criaturas o la naturaleza vivas y cuando someten a un incentivo interno para crear bueno y para amar vida. El ética cristiano, como Albert Schweitzer discutió, comienza con esta “reverencia hacia vida. ”
Thales de Milet (cerca de 625 o 640 - 547 o 545 B.C.), de un filósofo del Griego antiguo, del antepasado de la filosofía antigua, y del fundador de la escuela de Milet, una de las primeras escuelas filosóficas, asoció toda la variedad de materias a una elemento-agua inicial. Él consideraba el agua una cuestión principal. Riegue, él enseñó, es la fuente y el origen de todo. Al mismo tiempo, el agua y toda que descendieron de él está no inanimadas sino vivas. Según Thales, la naturaleza, viva e inanimada, tiene una fuerza impulsora inicial, a saber el alma y el dios.
El Lao Tzi (Li Er) (llevado en 604 B.C.), el gran pensador chino y un fundador de Taoism tenían enseñanzas similares. La noción principal de Taoism es Tao, que metaphorically se liga para regar (susceptibilidad y resistencia). El Lao Tzi dijo: “El bueno más alto es similar regar. El agua enlivens todas las criaturas y nunca competencias vivas con ellas. Todo que no se conforma con Tao (probablemente, armonía) muere prematuramente. “Taoism es la filosofía o la trayectoria hacia armonía. Mientras que uno no pudo alcanzar armonía absoluta, la trayectoria hacia ella será righteous y una trayectoria verdadera del desarrollo. Según el Lao Tzi, la gente no debe interferir con la manera de la naturaleza del desarrollo.
Pythagoras de Samos (circa 570-500 B.C.), el filósofo del Griego antiguo, enseñanzas similares también abrazadas. Pythagoreans refirió al mundo como cosmos, implicando su armonía y perfección (el cosme griego de la palabra significa “belleza”). La perfección del cosmos se basa en ciertas correlaciones numéricas que sean la base del movimiento de cuerpos divinos. Son también la base de la armonía musical y pueden incluso ser encontrados en las proporciones del cuerpo humano. Pythagoras era el primer para llamar el discurso en la filosofía de la vida o el amor animada de la sabiduría.
Heraclites de Ephes (cerca de 544-438 B.C.), otro filósofo del Griego antiguo, amplió algunas de estas ideas. Él desarrolló el concepto del flujo y de la formación perpetuos y nos enseñó que “todo está en un estado del flujo,” y “uno no puede caminar en el mismo río dos veces”. Según Heraclites, la humanidad es parte de la naturaleza. La naturaleza (cosmos) es perpetuo el vivir, llama que pulsa (la energía?) cuál no fue creado por cualquier persona. Es eterno e inmortal (“adivine”). Debemos conformarnos con la naturaleza y su “anime” las fuego-Insignias alma-eternas.
Es interesante cómo Heraclites ve “la barbaridad del alma humana” en su estado corpóreo específico. Él explica que aunque el alma origina de la humedad, tiende para secarse para arriba. La diferencia entre “mojó” y un alma “seca” determina la diferencia entre un tonto y una persona lista. El alma de un hombre sabio es la más seca y la mejor. Según Heraclites, en el estado de la sequedad extrema un alma irradia la luz.
Socrates (cerca de 469-399 B.C.), otro filósofo del Griego antiguo, era uno de los fundadores de dialécticas como método de la búsqueda para la verdad. Él miró la uno mismo-realización como manera de alcanzar la armonía, que era la puntería de la filosofía.
Democritus (circa 470-360 B.C.), el filósofo del Griego antiguo, consideraba el logro del del más alto nivel del bienestar, o de la armonía, posible limitando sus deseos y adoptando una forma de vida moderada.
Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), el filósofo del Griego antiguo y el pensador universal, concebidos del esencial de muchas nuevas ciencias, a saber física, biología, psicología, lógica, y el ética. Él consideraba el dios el caso más alto de natural más bien que la orden social. Las raíces de la civilización europea extienden de nuevo a Grecia antigua, en donde prosperó una cultura continua, unificada. Los Griegos antiguos tenían una visión distintamente integral y clara del mundo, al igual que las filosofías orientales generalmente incluyendo Hinduism y Buddhism.
La revolución científica se asocia generalmente a los nombres de Copernicus, de Galileo, y del neutonio. El método científico fue desarrollado y le debemos nuestro progreso científico y técnico actual. Con todo destruyó la integridad y la integridad del mundo. Nos enajenamos de la naturaleza. La disonancia prevaleció en el desarrollo de la civilización. Ahora estamos haciendo frente a sus consecuencias y estamos intentando otra vez encontrar una manera de nuevo a armonía, pero tendemos para olvidarnos de que la humanidad ha pasado ya esta manera. Por otra parte, estas trayectorias fueron atravesadas diverso en varios países del mundo. Había siempre los países que podían mantener las tradiciones de la coexistencia armoniosa con la naturaleza, equilibrio dinámico entre las fuerzas espirituales y materiales y entre la gente y la sociedad por milenios.
¿Viaje verde de Whither
Utopias al pasado o a las visiones del futuro?
por Arnab Roy Chowdhury
(cisnes - 19 de noviembre de 2007) Utopía es “en ninguna parte aterriza literalmente,” una sociedad ideal en otro lugar en donde prevalece la libertad, la igualdad, y la justicia. Una tierra más allá de la explotación, de la guerra, de la pobreza, y de la opresión. Utopias es generalmente extremadamente crítico sobre la situación actual de la sociedad (Frankland, Barry, 2002). Las filosofías de Utopic son recurrentes en el curso de la historia de ideas; han vuelto a allanar repetidamente en la miríada de formas, en diversas edades. Tenemos “utopía marxista” como el ejemplo que se deslumbra lo más, que tiene la influencia más penetrante en historia humana. Tenemos semejantemente utopias verdes, que es el asunto de la discusión de este papel.
“Utopias verde” o “Eco-topias” es las sociedades modelo donde el hombre y la naturaleza existen en armonía e interdependencia perfectas. El filósofo del eco-topist cree que está había un “ideal-tipo” condición en el pasado donde prevaleció realmente esta condición de la armonía perfecta, de que una vez que fueran “realidad empírica” (Geus, 1999). Teniendo los modelos ideales de estas sociedades intactos presente su, los “radicales verdes,” en una manera similar como los “radicales marxistas,” desean a una sociedad del crear donde prevalecerán las condiciones inmaculadas.
La política ecológica estalló hacia fuera en la escena en los últimos años 60, un período en que el anarquismo fue restablecido como ideología política importante. La generación de los años 60 fue desencantada con el capitalista e ideas del marxista debido a los desastres de estas ideologías de encontrar una solución apropiada para la miseria y la explotación humanas, y una dirección apropiada para la felicidad y la emancipación humanas. Con la gran depresión económica de 1929 seguidos por los desastres de la segunda guerra mundial y de la opresión por regímenes marxistas autoritarios, esta generación había perdido todo, desearon entrar detrás en el nostálgico más allá de, desearon vivir fuera del “paso acelerado de la historia,” soñaban sobre su aldea su naturaleza y su vida idílica de que gozaron una vez, y percibieron que el evilness de la avaricia humana para la abundancia y la energía ha destruido la naturaleza y su vida. Éste es el fondo de el cual el pensamiento político del verde ha emergido.
La política verde en general tiene dos acercamientos, uno es más o menos anthropocentric, bajo, menos environmentalism radical; el otro es ecologism profundo, biocentric, radical. Que ambos tienen sus propios utopias, menos radicales creen en una sociedad igualitaria en armonía con la naturaleza, donde la naturaleza tiene definitivamente una existencia utilitaria; mientras que los proto-verdes más radicales creen dar las derechas iguales de servir y el otro biota no humano, donde la naturaleza tiene su propio valor intrínseco no-utilitario. La forma de movimientos verdes que se ha convertido en América, Australia, y Escandinavia, que son de hecho países desarrollados del capitalista, depende más o menos de la filosofía radical proto-verde; mientras que los movimientos ambientales de los cteres del Tercer Mundo, de los países sobre todo pobres y subdesarrollados, dependen de los principios ecológicos bajos de la justicia ambiental, donde está importante la paridad en la distribución de los recursos ambientales, que va de común acuerdo con el discusión sobre el desarrollo sostenible (Guha, 1997, 2000, 2006).
El pensamiento eco-político radical y bajo deriva mucha de su inspiración a partir de tres líneas de filosofías: Anarquismo, romanticismo, y Profundo-Ecologism, que son de hecho similares de muchas maneras. Los discutiré uno por uno.
El anarquismo es principalmente una filosofía francesa desarrollada por Proudhon y Bakunin, y más adelante por Peter Kroptokin. Murray Bookchin tomó la idea de Kroptokin, le dio una torcedura ecológica, y desarrolló la escuela de la “ecología social.” Mucho del pensamiento político ambiental viene de los eco-anarquistas. La anarquía de la palabra deriva de la palabra griega “sin regla,” pero sin regla no es cognada con “sin reglas,” así que sería incorrecto comparar “anarquía” con “caos.” La anarquía perfecta es una condición de la igualdad política perfecta. Los anarquistas oponen principalmente el estado y su naturaleza coactiva; creen que una sociedad apátrida es posible y preferible que estado-dominada. Ahora una sociedad apátrida puede muy bien ser llamada una sociedad utópica, pero la misma creencia que una vez que existieran presta la etiqueta utópica una amarradura empírica (luz, 2002).
El romanticismo era un movimiento literario y filosófico aprovisionado de combustible por el trabajo de Rousseau en Francia, de Goethe en Alemania, y de los poetas Coleridge y Wordsworth en Gran Bretaña. La creatividad del valor de Romanticists y la libertad de la experiencia individual y una preocupación auténtica por naturaleza del unspoilt y la tradición rural. El movimiento prosperó en Europa occidental y América del 1750s al 1870s. Su individualismo junto con un aprecio melancholic de la naturaleza de desaparición hizo el radical del romanticismo político, y puede ser visto como proto-verde en ligar estos temas (Stephens, 2002).
Semejantemente, el “movimiento profundo de la ecología” puede ser remontado de un artículo escrito por el filósofo noruego y el activista ambiental Arne Naess en 1973, dado derecho el movimiento bajo y profundo de la ecología (gama larga): Un resumen. Naess rechaza el acercamiento “ecológico” bajo a favor del último y escribe que la “ecología profunda” está referida (a) al rechazamiento de la imagen del hombre-en-ambiente, a favor de imagen total emparentada del campo; (b) egalitarianism biospherical en principio; (c) Principio de la diversidad y de la lucha de la postura de la Contra-Clase de la simbiosis (d) (e) contra la autonomía y la descentralización locales (Barry, 2002) del (G) de la complicación de la complejidad del agotamiento de la contaminación y del recurso (f) no. Todas estas filosofías tienen tensiones del “deepness” y del “shallowness” en ellos, diferencian en su radicalismo y tienen diversas visiones de Utopía.
Ahora, no hay problema con Utopias como tal, en cada sociedad y cada cultura existe en diversas formas, pero las visiones miopes del futuro crean a menudo el problema en el camino que las alcanza. Han acusado a los ecologistas bajos del naiveté político del populismo y del renacimiento de fuerzas contra-seculares de la derecha en la India; debido a su preocupación material inmediata han formado a menudo alianzas incómodas con las fuerzas comunales, son a menudo reaccionarios en la naturaleza que no tiene ninguna ideología política particular o aún las visiones alternativas del futuro y sus movimientos se convierten en así un extremo en y por sí mismo. Los críticos dicen que su imagen perfecta de la sociedad oppressionless de hecho nunca existió en la historia de la civilización humana, y ésa es porqué son utopias (Prasad, 2003, 2004). Han acusado a los “Profundo-ecologistas radicales,” de visiónes contra-humanas, ellos han formulado de “una plataforma ocho puntos,” en el cuarto punto de el cual dicen, “el prosperar de la vida humana y la cultura es compatible con una disminución substancial de la población humana, mientras que el prosperar de la vida no humana requiere esta disminución” (Barry, 2002); y en el octavo punto dicen, “los que suscriban al antedicho tengan una obligación de poner los cambios en ejecución necesarios” (Barry, 2002), él puedan ser comprendidas claramente que hay una implicación uncanny de la ideología fascista extrema en estos tenets. Esto significa que pueden ir a cualquier longitud “a poner los cambios en ejecución necesarios” para reducir a la población humana y puede conducir a otro nazi o a un “holocaust marxista” (Staudenmaier, 1995).
Como dije no hay problema con utopía como tal -- Admiro los sueños que dan causa y razón de vivir, ese empuje nosotros hacia el logro de condiciones vivas mejores, felicidad, y la libertad, pero estos sueños deben ser ajustables. Cuando una causa o una razón llega a ser mayor que sí mismo y su meta llega a ser más importante que sus medios, entonces la meta objetiva domina el tema humano, inicialmente para de quién mejora fue formulada la meta. Las cuentas históricas de la pérdida ambiental deben darnos una señal de peligro que debemos utilizar nuestro ambiente con prudencia y no con el profligacy (Guha, 2006); es bueno mientras la historia actúe como profesor, pero ni si él actúa mientras que una autoridad en jefe ni él se debe utilizar como pretexto de tomar venganza. El pasado puede ciertamente ser un modelo que nos inspira solamente las mentiras de la respuesta en el futuro, para las cuales tenemos que entrenamiento amistoso con nuestros actuales recursos.
Referencias
Barry, Juan (2002) “ecología profunda” en Juan Barry y enciclopedia internacional de la política ambiental, Londres de Frankland del gene (ed.): LOS E.E.U.U.: Canadá Routledge.
Geus, M.A. de (1999), Utopias ecológico: Previsión de la sociedad sostenible, libros internacionales, Ultrecht.
Guha, 1997) variedades de Ramachandra (de Environmentalism: Ensayos norte y del sur (con Joan Martinez-Alier), prensa de la universidad de Oxford, la India.
Guha, Ramachandra, (2000) Environmentalism: Una historia global, prensa de la universidad de Oxford, Nueva Deli.
Guha, Ramachandra (2006) How Much Should a Person Consume? Thinking Through the Environment, University of California, Berkeley Press; Permanent Black, India.
Light, Andrew (2002), "Murray Bookchin" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Prasad, Archana (2003) Against Ecological Romanticism: Verrier Elwin and the Making of an Anti-Modern Tribal Identity, Gurgaon, India Three Essays Collective.
Prasad, Archana (2004), Environmentalism and the Left, New Delhi Leftword Books
Staudenmaier, Peter (1995) "Fascist Ideology: The Green Wing of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents" in Peter Staudenmaier and Janet Biehl (ed) Ecofascism; Lessons from German Experience, Edinburgh, Scotland
Stephens, Piers H.G.(2002) "Romanticism" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Living as One with All
By
Todd F. Eklof
March 5, 2006
Master Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido, taught us that “All things , material and spiritual, originate from one source, and are related as if they were one family.”[1] This is not unlike what scientists are telling us today about the Universe, that all things originate from the, so called, Big Bang, and are, therefore, related. Indeed, even today, all beings are still so intimately related that we continue to share between us the very same atoms that were created in those first fiery moment 13.7 billion years ago. With each inhalation we take in almost a quadrillion of these atoms, that’s ten with 24 zero’s behind it, more than 1000 trillion. And with each exhalation we offer that same number of atoms back to the Universe. As Deepak Chopra explains, “we can show beyond a shadow of doubt that right this moment you have in your physical body at least a million atoms that were once in the body of Christ, or the Buddha, or Michelangelo, or Leonardo da Vinci, or Saddam Hussein, or Osama bin Laden, or George Bush. You have a million atoms right now that have been in the body of every single being that has existed since the dawn of creation. In just the last three weeks a quadrillion atoms have gone through your body and they have gone through the body of every other living species on this planet.”[2] Or, as theologian Matthew Fox simply says, “Creation brings us all together.”[3]
This is important information because it reminds us that we not only come from one source, but we remain connected to that source through our relation to each other, forever! As Thomas Aquinas understood, “each and every creature exists for the perfection of the entire universe.”[4] In other words, though each of us is individually imperfect, and incapable, therefore, of existing and continuing completely on our own, all things are created to work perfectly together. This means, furthermore, that the Universe would be incomplete without you! Without you, the entire universe would cease to exist! This isn’t to say that another universe, a universe without you might not spill into existence as a default, but the universe that now exists would be gone forever. Perhaps this is what William James understood when he suggested we can “see a world in a grain of sand, or heaven in a wildflower;”[5] Not that the entire Universe exists within each grain, or heaven within each flower, but that without that individual grain, or that individual flower, the entire Universe, as we know it, would be incomplete.
Surely this is what Master Ueshiba understood when he further advises us to “Return to that source, leaving behind all self-centered thoughts, petty desires, and anger. Those who are possessed by nothing possess everything.”[6] For it is only when we forget where we come from, and, subsequently, that all is related, part of one Universe, that our actions, through egocentrism, and the collective egocentrism we call “anthropocentrism,” that our actions become harmful to ourselves and to All Our Relations. “There is evil and disharmony in the world,” Ueshiba says, “because people have forgotten that all things emanate from one source.”[7] Or, as Black Elk explained, “Peace comes within the souls of [people] when they realize their relationship, their oneness with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the Universe dwells Wankan-Tanka [the Great Spirit], and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”[8]
For the sake of continuing our discussion, then, let us dare attempt to describe this Source, this Great Mother, from which all things originate. But in so doing, we must humbly understand what is meant when the Tao Te Ching explains, “the name that can be named is not the eternal Name,”[9] and when the Baghavad Gita tells us, “God has a million faces,” and the Rg Veda says, “The one being the wise call by many names.”[10] This is the reason the ancient Israelites, led through the wilderness by a nebulous cloud and an ever-changing ball of fire, considered it a sin to even speak the unspeakable name of God, and why the Jewish Kabbalah tells us, “Every definition of God leads to heresy.”[11] Even the word “God” itself if far too small and inadequate a lens through which to view this Source. As Erich Fromm understood, “The more I know what God is not, the more knowledge I have of God.” [12] Similarly, Meister Eckhart, who referred to God as Absolute Nothing, suggested we “cannot know what God is, even though [we] be ever so well aware of what God is not…”[13]
In Buddhism, therefore, this Source from which we come, and to which we must return, is simply called “Mu,” which means “Nothingness.” Before Creation is Mu, nothingness, chaos and confusion, and it is ultimately out of this dark void that the Universe is born. As cosmologist, Brian Swimme tells us, “Each of the sextillion particles that foamed into existence had its root in this quantum vacuum, this originating reality.”[14] Nevertheless, science now explains that at almost the first instant of Creation, certain laws came to exist that have governed the Universe ever since. Although there was a brief moment when the electrons, positrons, quarks, and neutrinos that were rapidly coming into being interacted freely and randomly, it didn’t take long, much less than a second, before the gravitational, electromagnetic and the two strong and weak nuclear interactions became the basic phenomenological laws governing reality. Again, as Swimme explains;
In this phase transition the fundamental architecture of the universe’s interactions was set for all time. ]It was not yet certain where the largest stars would appear, but the upper limits of their sizes and intensities were already fixed. It was not yet certain how many planets would come into existence, but an invisible ceiling for their highest mountains was already in place because the strengths of the interactions of the mountain’s constituents were now in place. It was not at all certain that bivalve mollusks would ever exist, but the possibility for shell sizes were now determined. It was certainly far from obvious whether or not there would ever exist anything like a mammal, but the fundamental range for how high they could leap or how powerfully they could clamp their jaws was now set into the sinews of the universe.[15]
Perhaps even more important than our existential dependence on the fundamental interactions established during the first instance of the Cosmic birth is the fact that other laws, that could easily have been, were not established. “Had it settled on a slightly different strong interaction,” Swimme continues, “all the future stars would have exploded in a brief time, making an unfurling of life impossible. Had the universe established a slightly different gravitational interaction, none of the future galaxies would have taken shape.”[16] The establishment of these fundamental laws, or, if you will, habits, out of Mu, nothingness, chaos, are the very principles that have given shape to the Universe ever since, and have allowed the myriad of things, ourselves included, to be.
In brief, then, chaos gave birth to order, and it is that particular order that has sustained us, and the entire Universe ever since. So, perhaps, the best name we can give this Source, besides Mu, Nothingness, Chaos, is Harmony. Again, although, by themselves all things and all beings are imperfect, all of us have evolved together to work perfectly together. Another way to put it is that the Universe is simply relationship. If we don’t connect with each other through right relations there is, as Ueshiba said, “evil and disorder in the world.” In his profound book, The Natural Way of Farming, Masanobu Fukuoka suggests we can really consider all the laws of the Universe as one law, which he calls, “The Law of Harmony.”[17]As he understands it, all things return to it this law until they are eventually reabsorbed into Mu, Nothingness, Chaos. “All things fuse into a circle,” he says, “which reverts to a point, and the point to nothing.”[18]
So it truly is important as we live our lives that we return, as much as possible, to our origins by living according the first law, the Law of Harmony. “Harmony,” says Master Ueshiba, “originates with the flow of all things—its heart is like the movement of the wind and waves. The Way is like the veins that circulate blood through our bodies, following the natural flow of the life force. If you are separated in the slightest from that divine essence, you are far off the path.”[19]
In the Creation story of the Huichol Indians of Northern Mexico, all of us once lived in the realm of the divine, but forgot our origins when we were born into this world through a long tunnel. Each day, Tatewari, the Highest God, the Sun, visits us in this world to remind us of our fiery origins, then moves across the sky, returning to darkness to further remind us of our true home. For the Huichol, then, the spiritual journey involves our attempt to remember our true history and origins. Carl Jung also found this motif of a return to the womb, or to a Mother image of some sort, among other peoples as well. “The meaning of this cycle of myths is clear enough,” he said, “it is the longing to attain rebirth through a return to the womb, and to become immortal like the sun.”[20]
What the Huichols refer to as our original descent into this world through a tunnel from a forgotten divine realm, transpersonal theorist, Ken Wilber simply calls, involution (as opposed to evolution). “The whole ‘downward’ movement, whereby Spirit playfully loses and forgets itself in successively lower levels,” he writes, “is called involution.”[21]He further defines involution as 1) the successive “moving away” from Godhead, 2) the successive lessening of consciousness, 3) a successive forgetting or amnesis, 4) a successive stepping down of Spirit, 4) a successive increasing of alienation, separation, dismemberment, and fragmentation, and, 6) a successive objectification, projection, and dualism.
As we spiral further down each level of involution, we forget all that came before, rendering us, as Wilber says, “unconscious.”[22] Fortunately, once this process us complete, and we have fully forgotten our origins, true evolution can occur, described by Wilber as, “the unfolding of the higher from the lower.”[23] “Where involution proceeded by successive separations and dismemberments,” he says, “evolution, as the reverse, proceeds by successive remembering or anamnesis (Plato’s ‘recollection’ or ‘remembrance,’ Sufi zikr, Hindu smara, Buddha’s ‘recollection,’ etc.). Further, anamnesis and holism are actually the same thing: to remember is really to re-member, or join again in higher unity.”[24]
Unlike the Darwinian idea, then, of evolution as merely “natural selection,” Wilber’s idea is that true evolution occurs the more we remember our connection to All That Is, the more holistically we come to see the Universe and our role in it, the more we climb upward, returning to the Godhead, to our true origins. This means, then, the more we move toward the Law of Harmony, towards all things working together as one, the higher our level of existence becomes, even though this Law of Harmony may be called by different names. Among the solar systems we call it gravity or attraction. Among people it is called equality. In economics it’s called justice. In the environment it’s called sustainability. Science calls it homeostasis. Artists called it balance. Art lovers call it beauty. Philosophers call it truth, and moralists call it good. As Ueshiba says, “The Way of Harmony is a celebration of the bonding of heaven, earth, and humankind. It is all that is true, good, and beautiful.”[25] Whatever we may call it, the Law of Harmony is the first law of creation, the law within each of the trillions of billions of atoms we share together in each eternal moment, with each eternal breath.
La lettera di armonia internazionale
Automatically translated into Italian thanks to WorldLingo
Sopra i millenni molte delle nostre specie hanno combattuto e morto per armonia. Chirst, Buddha, Abraham, Mary, Joan dell'arca, Moses, Gandhi, Lincoln, Luther, madre Teresa, Martin Luther King, il Kennedys, Trudeau.
Che cosa forse hanno combattuto per, che cosa hanno combattuto per era la destra ad armonia, la loro destra vivere in un mondo armonioso. così nel unison con i loro impianti grandi possiamo facciamo una petizione allora tutti e questi
“in una lettera di armonia„ non come la politica o dottrina ma come le lezioni e verità in seguito a questa fontana grande di amore. Un amore e una lettera di e per armonia internazionale.
Non sicuro dell'autore qui ma di un segmento piacevole di più grande parte
goda
l'E-D
4. Alla ricerca di armonia delle forze vitali
LE FORZE VITALI degli esseri umani, dei ethnos e della società consistono delle forze fisiche, spiritose, naturali, intellettuali e tecnologiche. L'armonia e l'equilibrio delle forze vitali accerta la stabilità presso la società, la totalità di vita e la longevità storica, fisiologica e sociale. Se uno di questi costituenti diventa quello esaurito, particolarmente spiritoso o naturale, il disharmony, degenerazione, o persino l'estinzione completa dei ethnos, la società, o i sapiens di Homo in se possono accadere. Molti filosofi eccezionali dell'antichità e del tempo attuale hanno cercato di realizzare l'armonia delle forze vitali umane.
Nel passato storico, il rapporto fra gli esseri umani e la natura sono stati determinati in misura grande dal ritmo dei processi. Il concetto della ricorrenza generale dei fenomeni naturali e sociali, così come lo sviluppo ciclico delle origini etniche, delle Comunità e della gente è stato riconosciuto dai periodi antichi. Gente-priests chiariti, alti priests ed il saggio realizzato esso. Oswald Spengler, Arnold Toynbee, Gumilyov ed altri thinkers famosi hanno riconosciuto la correlazione della natura e dei fenomeni sociali. Le forze vitali di umanità, dei ethnos e della Comunità sono inoltre composto ciclico dentro che natura-muoiono via, solo trasformare e svilupparsi più forti nel loro nuovo aumento.
Nelle scuole filosofiche del Greco antico, come quelle di Platone e di Pythagoras, la gioventù soprattutto è stata insegnata come raggiungere l'armonia fra il corpo e l'anima, come osservare la natura e come capire le relativi forze e ritmo di segreto. Questa filosofia ancora si esercita in oggi in scuole ed in monasteries buddisti, cioè non come la conquista della natura ma la percezione allineare della natura per realizzare la coesistenza armoniosa.
Il Christianity li ha insegnato che l'esecuzione del ideale divine include l'etica della responsabilità. Gli esseri umani sono vero esseri religiosi e spiritosi soltanto quando resistono al desiderio nuoc le creature o la natura viventi e quando presentano ad un motivo interno per generare buon e per amare la vita. L'etica cristiana, Albert Schweitzer ha discusso, comincia con questo “reverence verso vita. „
Thales da Milet (circa 625 o 640 - 547 o 545 B.C.), da un filosofo del Greco antico, dall'antenato di filosofia antica e dal fondatore della scuola di Milet, una delle prime scuole filosofiche, ha associato tutta la varietà di argomenti con un'elemento-acqua iniziale. Ha considerato l'acqua un aspetto principale. Innaffi, lui ha insegnato, è la fonte e l'origine di tutto. Allo stesso tempo, l'acqua e tutto che hanno disceso da esso è non inanimati ma vivi. Secondo Thales, la natura, sia in tensione che inanimata, ha una forza di azionamento iniziale, vale a dire l'anima ed il dio.
Il Lao Tzi (Li Er) (sopportato in 604 B.C.), il thinker cinese grande e un fondatore di Taoism hanno avuti insegnamenti simili. La nozione principale di Taoism è Tao, che metaphorically è collegato per innaffiare (predisposizione e resilienza). Lao Tzi detto: “L'più alto buon è simile innaffiare. L'acqua enlivens tutti i creature e mai concorsi viventi con loro. Tutto che non aderisca a Tao (presumibilmente, armonia) muore prematuramente. “Taoism è la filosofia o il percorso verso armonia. Mentre uno non potrebbe realizzare l'armonia assoluta, il percorso verso esso sarà righteous e un percorso allineare di sviluppo. Secondo Lao Tzi, la gente non dovrebbe interferire con il senso della natura di sviluppo.
Pythagoras di Samos (circa 570-500 B.C.), il filosofo del Greco antico, insegnamenti simili anche abbracciati. Pythagoreans si è riferito al mondo come universo, implicante la relative armonia e perfezione (il cosme greco di parola significa “la bellezza„). La perfezione dell'universo è basata su determinate correlazioni numeriche che sono la base del movimento degli enti heavenly. Sono inoltre la base di armonia musicale e possono persino essere trovati nelle proporzioni del corpo umano. Pythagoras era il primo per denominare il discorso su filosofia di vita o su amore animata di saggezza.
Heraclites di Ephes (circa 544-438 B.C.), un altro filosofo del Greco antico, ha esteso alcune di queste idee. Ha sviluppato il concetto di cambiamento continuo e di formazione perpetui e li ha insegnati che “tutto è in un dichiarare di cambiamento continuo,„ e “si non può fare un passo due volte nello stesso fiume„. Secondo Heraclites, l'umanità fa parte della natura. La natura (universo) è perpetuo vivere, fiamma di palpitazione (energia?) quale non è stato generato da chiunque. È eterno ed immortal (“divine„). Dovremmo essere conformi alla natura e relativo “animi„ i fuoco-Marchi anima-everlasting.
È interessante come Heraclites vede “il barbarity dell'anima umana„ nel relativo corporeal specifico dichiarare. Spiega che anche se l'anima proviene da umidità, tende a asciugarsi in su. La differenza fra “ha bagnato„ e un'anima “asciutta„ determina la differenza fra uno sciocco e una persona intelligente. L'anima di un uomo saggio è l'più asciutto ed il la cosa migliore. Secondo Heraclites, nel dichiarare di massima siccità un'anima irradia la luce.
Socrates (circa 469-399 B.C.), un altro filosofo del Greco antico, era uno dei fondatori delle dialettiche come metodo della ricerca della verità. Ha considerare la auto-realizzazione come un senso realizzare l'armonia, che era lo scopo di filosofia.
Democritus (circa 470-360 B.C.), il filosofo del Greco antico, ha considerato il successo del livello elevato di benessere, o di armonia, possibile limitando i suoi desideri ed adottando un lifestyle moderato.
Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), il filosofo del Greco antico ed il thinker universale, immaginati il necessario di molte nuove scienze, vale a dire fisica, biologia, psicologia, logica ed etica. Ha considerato il dio l'più alto caso di naturale piuttosto che l'ordine sociale. Le radici di civilizzazione europea si estendono di nuovo alla Grecia antica, in cui una coltura continua e unificata è fiorito. I Greci antichi hanno avuti una visione distintamente integrale e chiara del mondo, come le filosofie orientali generalmente, compreso Hinduism e Buddhism.
La rivoluzione scientifica è associata solitamente con i nomi di Copernicus, di Galileo e del Newton. Il metodo scientifico è stato messo a punto e dobbiamo il nostro progresso scientifico e tecnico attuale esso. Tuttavia ha distrutto l'integrità e l'integrità del mondo. Ci siamo allontanati dalla natura. Il Disharmony è prevalso nello sviluppo di civilizzazione. Ora stiamo affrontando le relative conseguenze ed ancora stiamo provando a trovare un senso di nuovo ad armonia, ma tendiamo a dimenticarci che l'umanità già ha passato questo senso. Inoltre, questi percorsi sono stati attraversati diversamente in diversi paesi del mondo. Ci erano sempre paesi che potevano effettuare le tradizioni della coesistenza armoniosa con la natura, equilibrio dinamico fra le forze spiritose e materiali e fra la gente e la società per i millenni.
Viaggio verde di Whither
Utopias al passato o alle visioni di futuro?
da Arnab Roy Chowdhury
(Swans - 19 novembre 2007) Utopia è letteralmente “in nessun posto atterra,„ una società ideale in un altro posto in cui la libertà, l'uguaglianza e la giustizia prevale. Una terra oltre sfruttamento, la guerra, la povertà ed il oppression. Utopias è generalmente estremamente critico circa la situazione attuale della società (Frankland, Barry, 2002). Le filosofie di Utopic sono ricorrenti nel corso di storia delle idee; hanno rifatto la superficie di ripetutamente nella miriade delle forme, nelle età differenti. Abbiamo “utopia marxista„ come l'esempio più abbagliante, che ha l'influenza più dominante nella storia umana. Abbiamo similmente utopias verdi, che è il soggetto della discussione su questa carta.
“Utopias verde„ o “Eco-topias„ è società di modello in cui l'uomo e la natura esistono nell'armonia e nell'interdipendenza perfette. Il filosofo di eco-topist ritiene che ci sia stato “un ideale-tipo„ il termine nel passato dove realmente questo stato di armonia perfetta è prevalso, quello sia una volta che fossero “la realtà empirica„ (Geus, 1999). Tenendo i modelli ideali di queste società intatti presente loro, “i radicali verdi,„ ad un modo simile come “i radicali marxisti,„ desiderano ad una società di generazione in cui le circostanze immaculate prevarranno.
La politica ecologica ha scoppiato fuori nella scena negli anni 60 tardi, un periodo in cui l'anarchismo è stato fatto rivivere come ideologia politica importante. La generazione degli anni 60 disenchanted con il capitalista e le idee del marxista a causa dei debacles di queste ideologie trovare una soluzione adeguata per miseria e sfruttamento umani e un senso adeguato per felicità ed emancipazione umane. Con la depressione economica grande di 1929 seguiti dai disastri della seconda guerra mondiale e del oppression dai regimi marxisti autoritari, questa generazione aveva perso tutto, hanno desiderato andare indietro nel nostalgico oltre, hanno desiderato vivere “dal passo accelerato di storia,„ hanno sognato del loro villaggio la loro natura e la loro vita idilliaca che hanno goduto una volta ed hanno percepito che il evilness di greed umano per ricchezza ed alimentazione ha distrutto la natura e la loro vita. Ciò è i precedenti da cui il pensiero politico di verde è emerso.
La politica verde generalmente ha due metodi, uno è più o meno anthropocentric, poco profondo, meno environmentalism radicale; l'altro è ecologism profondo, biocentric, radicale. Che entrambi hanno loro propri utopias, meno radicali credono in una società egalitaria nell'armonia con la natura, in cui la natura definitivamente ha un'esistenza utilitaria; considerando che i proto-verdi più radicali credono dare i diritti uguali di equipaggiare e l'altra biota non umana, in cui la natura ha relativo proprio valore intrinseco non-utilitario. La forma dei movimenti verdi che si è sviluppata in America, in Australia ed in Scandinavia, che sono in effetti paesi sviluppati del capitalista, più o meno dipende dalla filosofia radicale proto-verde; considerando che i movimenti ambientali dei paesi di terzo mondo, di paesi principalmente poveri e sottosviluppati, dipendono dai principii ecologici poco profondi di giustizia ambientale, in cui la parità nella distribuzione delle risorse ambientali è importante, che va di pari passo con il dibattito su sviluppo sostenibile (Guha, 1997, 2000, 2006).
Sia il pensiero eco-politico radicale che poco profondo deriva molta della relativa ispirazione da tre linee delle filosofie: Anarchismo, Romanticism e Profondo-Ecologism, che sono in effetti simili in molti sensi. Li discuterò uno per uno.
L'anarchismo è pricipalmente una filosofia francese sviluppata da Proudhon e da Bakunin e più successivamente da Peter Kroptokin. Murray Bookchin ha preso l'idea del Kroptokin, gli ha dato una torsione ecologica ed ha sviluppato la scuola “dell'ecologia sociale.„ Gran parte del pensiero politico ambientale viene dagli eco-anarchici. La parola anarchy deriva dalla parola greca “senza regola,„ ma senza regola non è cognate con “senza regole,„ in modo da sarebbe errato identificare “anarchy„ con “caos.„ Anarchy perfetto è uno stato di uguaglianza politica perfetta. Gli anarchici principalmente oppongono il dichiarare e la relativa natura coercive; credono che una società apolide sia sia possibile che preferibile che dichiarare-dominata. Ora una società apolide può molto bene essere denominata una società utopian, ma la credenza stessa che una volta che esistessero presta l'etichetta utopian un attracco empirico (luce, 2002).
Romanticism era un movimento letterario e filosofico rifornito tramite il lavoro di Rousseau in Francia, di Goethe in Germania e dei poets Coleridge e Wordsworth in Gran-Bretagna. La creatività di valore di Romanticists e libertà di esperienza specifica e una preoccupazione autentica per la natura del unspoilt e la tradizione rurale. Il movimento è fiorito Europa occidentale ed in America dal 1750s al 1870s. Il relativo Individualism con un apprezzamento melancholic della natura di sparizione ha fatto politicamente il radicale di Romanticism e può essere visto come proto-verde nel collegamento dei questi temi (Stephens, 2002).
Similmente, “il movimento profondo di ecologia„ può essere seguito da un articolo scritto dal filosofo norvegese e dall'attivista ambientale Arne Naess in 1973, autorizzato il movimento poco profondo e profondo di ecologia (lunga autonomia): Un sommario. Naess rifiuta il metodo “ecologico„ poco profondo per il posteriore e scrive che “l'ecologia profonda„ è interessata del rifiuto (a) dell'immagine dell'uomo-in-ambiente, per l'immagine totale relazionale del campo; (b) egalitarianism biospherical in linea di principio; (c) Principio di diversità e della lotta di posizione del Anti-Codice categoria di simbiosi (d) (e) contro autonomia di complicazione di complessità di svuotamento delle risorse e di inquinamento (f) non (g) e decentralizzazione locali (Barry, 2002). Tutte queste filosofie hanno sforzi “del deepness„ e “dello shallowness„ in loro, differiscono da nel loro radicalism ed hanno visioni differenti di Utopia.
Ora, non ci è problema con Utopias come tale, in ogni società ed in ogni coltura esiste nelle forme differenti, ma le visioni miopi del futuro generano spesso il problema in viaggio realizzandole. Gli ecologi poco profondi sono stati accusati di naiveté politico del populism e della rinascita delle forze anti-secolari della destra in India; a causa della loro preoccupazione materiale immediata hanno formato spesso le alleanze scomode con le forze comunali, sono spesso reactionary in natura che non ha ideologia politica particolare o persino le visioni alternative di futuro ed i loro movimenti si trasformano in così in un'estremità in e da sè. I critici dicono che la loro immagine perfetta della società oppressionless in effetti non ha esistito mai nella storia di civilizzazione umana e ecco perché sono utopias (Prasad, 2003, 2004). “Gli Profondo-ecologi radicali,„ sono stati accusati delle viste anti-umane, hanno formulato “una piattaforma degli otto punti,„ nel punto di quarto di cui dicono, “fiorire della vita umana e la coltura è compatibile con una diminuzione notevole nella popolazione umana, mentre fiorire della vita non umana richiede questa diminuzione„ (Barry, 2002); e nell'ottavo punto dicono, “coloro che si abbona al suddetto ha un obbligo di effettuare i cambiamenti necessari„ (Barry, 2002), esso può essere compreso chiaramente che ci è un'implicazione uncanny dell'ideologia fascista estrema in questi tenets. Ciò significa che possono andare a tutta la lunghezza “effettuare i cambiamenti necessari„ per ridurre la popolazione umana e può condurre agli altri Nazi o “ad un holocaust„ marxista (Staudenmaier, 1995).
Ho detto non ci è problema con utopia come tale -- Ammiro i sogni che danno la causa ed il motivo vivere, quella spinta noi verso il successo delle circostanze di vita migliori, la felicità e la libertà, ma questi sogni dovrebbero essere registrabili. Quando una causa o motivo diventa più grande di in se ed il relativo obiettivo diventa più importante di i relativi mezzi, quindi l'obiettivo obiettivo overpowers il soggetto umano, inizialmente per il di chi miglioramento l'obiettivo è stato formulato. I clienti storici di perdita ambientale dovrebbero darci un segnale d'allarme che dovremmo usare il nostro ambiente con la prudenza e non con il profligacy (Guha, 2006); è buono finchè la storia funge da insegnante, ma nè se esso funge da un'autorità commanding nè esso dovrebbe essere usata come pretesto di presa della vendetta. Il passato può certamente essere un modello che li ispira ma le bugie di risposta in avvenire, per cui dobbiamo workout amichevolmente con le nostre risorse attuali.
Riferimenti
Barry, John (2002) “ecologia profonda„ in John Barry ed enciclopedia internazionale della politica ambientale, Londra di Frankland del gene (E-D.): Gli S.U.A.: Il Canada Routledge.
Geus, M.A. de (1999), Utopias ecologico: Previsione della società sostenibile, libri internazionali, Ultrecht.
Guha, 1997) varietà del Ramachandra (di Environmentalism: Saggi nord e del sud (con Joan Martinez-Alier), pressa dell'università di Oxford, India.
Guha, Ramachandra, (2000) Environmentalism: Una storia globale, pressa dell'università di Oxford, Nuova Delhi.
Guha, Ramachandra (2006) How Much Should a Person Consume? Thinking Through the Environment, University of California, Berkeley Press; Permanent Black, India.
Light, Andrew (2002), "Murray Bookchin" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Prasad, Archana (2003) Against Ecological Romanticism: Verrier Elwin and the Making of an Anti-Modern Tribal Identity, Gurgaon, India Three Essays Collective.
Prasad, Archana (2004), Environmentalism and the Left, New Delhi Leftword Books
Staudenmaier, Peter (1995) "Fascist Ideology: The Green Wing of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents" in Peter Staudenmaier and Janet Biehl (ed) Ecofascism; Lessons from German Experience, Edinburgh, Scotland
Stephens, Piers H.G.(2002) "Romanticism" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Living as One with All
By
Todd F. Eklof
March 5, 2006
Master Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido, taught us that “All things , material and spiritual, originate from one source, and are related as if they were one family.”[1] This is not unlike what scientists are telling us today about the Universe, that all things originate from the, so called, Big Bang, and are, therefore, related. Indeed, even today, all beings are still so intimately related that we continue to share between us the very same atoms that were created in those first fiery moment 13.7 billion years ago. With each inhalation we take in almost a quadrillion of these atoms, that’s ten with 24 zero’s behind it, more than 1000 trillion. And with each exhalation we offer that same number of atoms back to the Universe. As Deepak Chopra explains, “we can show beyond a shadow of doubt that right this moment you have in your physical body at least a million atoms that were once in the body of Christ, or the Buddha, or Michelangelo, or Leonardo da Vinci, or Saddam Hussein, or Osama bin Laden, or George Bush. You have a million atoms right now that have been in the body of every single being that has existed since the dawn of creation. In just the last three weeks a quadrillion atoms have gone through your body and they have gone through the body of every other living species on this planet.”[2] Or, as theologian Matthew Fox simply says, “Creation brings us all together.”[3]
This is important information because it reminds us that we not only come from one source, but we remain connected to that source through our relation to each other, forever! As Thomas Aquinas understood, “each and every creature exists for the perfection of the entire universe.”[4] In other words, though each of us is individually imperfect, and incapable, therefore, of existing and continuing completely on our own, all things are created to work perfectly together. This means, furthermore, that the Universe would be incomplete without you! Without you, the entire universe would cease to exist! This isn’t to say that another universe, a universe without you might not spill into existence as a default, but the universe that now exists would be gone forever. Perhaps this is what William James understood when he suggested we can “see a world in a grain of sand, or heaven in a wildflower;”[5] Not that the entire Universe exists within each grain, or heaven within each flower, but that without that individual grain, or that individual flower, the entire Universe, as we know it, would be incomplete.
Surely this is what Master Ueshiba understood when he further advises us to “Return to that source, leaving behind all self-centered thoughts, petty desires, and anger. Those who are possessed by nothing possess everything.”[6] For it is only when we forget where we come from, and, subsequently, that all is related, part of one Universe, that our actions, through egocentrism, and the collective egocentrism we call “anthropocentrism,” that our actions become harmful to ourselves and to All Our Relations. “There is evil and disharmony in the world,” Ueshiba says, “because people have forgotten that all things emanate from one source.”[7] Or, as Black Elk explained, “Peace comes within the souls of [people] when they realize their relationship, their oneness with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the Universe dwells Wankan-Tanka [the Great Spirit], and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”[8]
For the sake of continuing our discussion, then, let us dare attempt to describe this Source, this Great Mother, from which all things originate. But in so doing, we must humbly understand what is meant when the Tao Te Ching explains, “the name that can be named is not the eternal Name,”[9] and when the Baghavad Gita tells us, “God has a million faces,” and the Rg Veda says, “The one being the wise call by many names.”[10] This is the reason the ancient Israelites, led through the wilderness by a nebulous cloud and an ever-changing ball of fire, considered it a sin to even speak the unspeakable name of God, and why the Jewish Kabbalah tells us, “Every definition of God leads to heresy.”[11] Even the word “God” itself if far too small and inadequate a lens through which to view this Source. As Erich Fromm understood, “The more I know what God is not, the more knowledge I have of God.” [12] Similarly, Meister Eckhart, who referred to God as Absolute Nothing, suggested we “cannot know what God is, even though [we] be ever so well aware of what God is not…”[13]
In Buddhism, therefore, this Source from which we come, and to which we must return, is simply called “Mu,” which means “Nothingness.” Before Creation is Mu, nothingness, chaos and confusion, and it is ultimately out of this dark void that the Universe is born. As cosmologist, Brian Swimme tells us, “Each of the sextillion particles that foamed into existence had its root in this quantum vacuum, this originating reality.”[14] Nevertheless, science now explains that at almost the first instant of Creation, certain laws came to exist that have governed the Universe ever since. Although there was a brief moment when the electrons, positrons, quarks, and neutrinos that were rapidly coming into being interacted freely and randomly, it didn’t take long, much less than a second, before the gravitational, electromagnetic and the two strong and weak nuclear interactions became the basic phenomenological laws governing reality. Again, as Swimme explains;
In this phase transition the fundamental architecture of the universe’s interactions was set for all time. ]It was not yet certain where the largest stars would appear, but the upper limits of their sizes and intensities were already fixed. It was not yet certain how many planets would come into existence, but an invisible ceiling for their highest mountains was already in place because the strengths of the interactions of the mountain’s constituents were now in place. It was not at all certain that bivalve mollusks would ever exist, but the possibility for shell sizes were now determined. It was certainly far from obvious whether or not there would ever exist anything like a mammal, but the fundamental range for how high they could leap or how powerfully they could clamp their jaws was now set into the sinews of the universe.[15]
Perhaps even more important than our existential dependence on the fundamental interactions established during the first instance of the Cosmic birth is the fact that other laws, that could easily have been, were not established. “Had it settled on a slightly different strong interaction,” Swimme continues, “all the future stars would have exploded in a brief time, making an unfurling of life impossible. Had the universe established a slightly different gravitational interaction, none of the future galaxies would have taken shape.”[16] The establishment of these fundamental laws, or, if you will, habits, out of Mu, nothingness, chaos, are the very principles that have given shape to the Universe ever since, and have allowed the myriad of things, ourselves included, to be.
In brief, then, chaos gave birth to order, and it is that particular order that has sustained us, and the entire Universe ever since. So, perhaps, the best name we can give this Source, besides Mu, Nothingness, Chaos, is Harmony. Again, although, by themselves all things and all beings are imperfect, all of us have evolved together to work perfectly together. Another way to put it is that the Universe is simply relationship. If we don’t connect with each other through right relations there is, as Ueshiba said, “evil and disorder in the world.” In his profound book, The Natural Way of Farming, Masanobu Fukuoka suggests we can really consider all the laws of the Universe as one law, which he calls, “The Law of Harmony.”[17]As he understands it, all things return to it this law until they are eventually reabsorbed into Mu, Nothingness, Chaos. “All things fuse into a circle,” he says, “which reverts to a point, and the point to nothing.”[18]
So it truly is important as we live our lives that we return, as much as possible, to our origins by living according the first law, the Law of Harmony. “Harmony,” says Master Ueshiba, “originates with the flow of all things—its heart is like the movement of the wind and waves. The Way is like the veins that circulate blood through our bodies, following the natural flow of the life force. If you are separated in the slightest from that divine essence, you are far off the path.”[19]
In the Creation story of the Huichol Indians of Northern Mexico, all of us once lived in the realm of the divine, but forgot our origins when we were born into this world through a long tunnel. Each day, Tatewari, the Highest God, the Sun, visits us in this world to remind us of our fiery origins, then moves across the sky, returning to darkness to further remind us of our true home. For the Huichol, then, the spiritual journey involves our attempt to remember our true history and origins. Carl Jung also found this motif of a return to the womb, or to a Mother image of some sort, among other peoples as well. “The meaning of this cycle of myths is clear enough,” he said, “it is the longing to attain rebirth through a return to the womb, and to become immortal like the sun.”[20]
What the Huichols refer to as our original descent into this world through a tunnel from a forgotten divine realm, transpersonal theorist, Ken Wilber simply calls, involution (as opposed to evolution). “The whole ‘downward’ movement, whereby Spirit playfully loses and forgets itself in successively lower levels,” he writes, “is called involution.”[21]He further defines involution as 1) the successive “moving away” from Godhead, 2) the successive lessening of consciousness, 3) a successive forgetting or amnesis, 4) a successive stepping down of Spirit, 4) a successive increasing of alienation, separation, dismemberment, and fragmentation, and, 6) a successive objectification, projection, and dualism.
As we spiral further down each level of involution, we forget all that came before, rendering us, as Wilber says, “unconscious.”[22] Fortunately, once this process us complete, and we have fully forgotten our origins, true evolution can occur, described by Wilber as, “the unfolding of the higher from the lower.”[23] “Where involution proceeded by successive separations and dismemberments,” he says, “evolution, as the reverse, proceeds by successive remembering or anamnesis (Plato’s ‘recollection’ or ‘remembrance,’ Sufi zikr, Hindu smara, Buddha’s ‘recollection,’ etc.). Further, anamnesis and holism are actually the same thing: to remember is really to re-member, or join again in higher unity.”[24]
Unlike the Darwinian idea, then, of evolution as merely “natural selection,” Wilber’s idea is that true evolution occurs the more we remember our connection to All That Is, the more holistically we come to see the Universe and our role in it, the more we climb upward, returning to the Godhead, to our true origins. This means, then, the more we move toward the Law of Harmony, towards all things working together as one, the higher our level of existence becomes, even though this Law of Harmony may be called by different names. Among the solar systems we call it gravity or attraction. Among people it is called equality. In economics it’s called justice. In the environment it’s called sustainability. Science calls it homeostasis. Artists called it balance. Art lovers call it beauty. Philosophers call it truth, and moralists call it good. As Ueshiba says, “The Way of Harmony is a celebration of the bonding of heaven, earth, and humankind. It is all that is true, good, and beautiful.”[25] Whatever we may call it, the Law of Harmony is the first law of creation, the law within each of the trillions of billions of atoms we share together in each eternal moment, with each eternal breath.
Die Charter der internationalen Harmonie
Automatically translated into German thanks to WorldLingo
Über den Jahrtausenden haben viele unserer Sorten für Harmonie gekämpft und gestorben. Chirst, Buddha, Abraham, Mary, Joan der Arche, Moses, Gandhi, Lincoln, Luther, Mutter Teresa, Martin Luther King, das Kennedys, Trudeau.
Für was sie möglicherweise gekämpft haben, was sie kämpften für, war das Recht zur Harmonie, ihr Recht, in einer harmonischen Welt zu leben. so im Einklang mit ihren großen Arbeiten können wir ersuchen dann alle und diese in
einer „Charter der Harmonie“ nicht als Politik oder Lehre aber als Lektionen und Wahrheiten, die aus diesem großen Brunnen der Liebe entstehen. Eine Liebe und eine Charter und für der internationalen Harmonie.
Nicht sicher vom Autor hier aber von einem netten Segment eines größeren Stückes
genießen Sie
E-D
4. Auf der Suche nach Harmonie der lebenswichtigen Kräfte
bestehen DIE LEBENSWICHTIGEN KRÄFTE der Menschen, der ethnos und der Gesellschaft aus den körperlichen, geistigen, natürlichen, intellektuellen und technologischen Kräften. Harmonie und Balance der lebenswichtigen Kräfte stellt Stabilität innerhalb der Gesellschaft, Vollständigkeit des Lebens und historische, physiologische und Soziallanglebigkeit sicher. Einer dieser Bestandteile wenn, werden das erschöpfte, besonders geistige oder natürliche, Disharmonie, Degeneration, oder sogar können komplette Löschung von ethnos, Gesellschaft oder Homo sapiens selbst auftreten. Viele hervorragende Philosophen des Altertums und der Gegenwart haben gesucht, Harmonie der menschlichen lebenswichtigen Kräfte zu erzielen.
In der historischen Vergangenheit wurden das Verhältnis zwischen Menschen und die Natur zu einem großen Umfang durch den Rhythmus von Prozessen festgestellt. Das Konzept des allgemeinen Wiederauftretens der natürlichen und Sozialphänomene, sowie die zyklische Entwicklung von Ethnicities, der Gemeinschaften und der Völker ist seit alten Zeiten erkannt worden. Erleuchtete Leutepriester, hohe Priester und das kluge verwirklicht ihm. Oswald Spengler, Arnold Toynbee, Gumilyov und andere berühmte Denker erkannten die Wechselbeziehung der Natur und der Sozialphänomene. Die lebenswichtigen Kräfte von Menschlichkeit, von ethnos und von Gemeinschaft sind auch Kreislauf innen, das Natur-sie weg sterben, nur, um in ihrer neuen Aufwallung umzuwandeln und stärker zu wachsen.
In philosophischen Schulen des alten Griechen wie denen von Plato und von Pythagorase, wurde Jugend hauptsächlich unterrichtet, wie man Harmonie zwischen Körper und Seele erreicht, wie man Natur beobachtet und wie man seine Geheimniskräfte und -rhythmus versteht. Diese Philosophie wird noch in den buddhistischen Schulen und in den Monasteries heute, das heißt, nicht als die Eroberung der Natur aber die zutreffende Vorstellung der Natur geübt, um harmonische Koexistenz zu erzielen.
Christentum hat uns beigebracht, daß die Implementierung vom göttlichen idealen die Ethik der Verantwortlichkeit einschließt. Menschen sind wirklich fromme und geistige Wesen, nur wenn sie dem Wunsch widerstehen, lebende Geschöpfe oder Natur zu schädigen und wenn sie bei einem inneren Anreiz, um gutes zu verursachen einreichen und das Leben zu lieben. Christliche Ethik, wie Albert Schweitzer argumentierte, beginnt mit diesem „reverence in Richtung zum Leben. “
Thales von Milet (ungefähr 625 oder 640 - 547 oder 545 B.C.), von einem Philosophen des alten Griechen, vom Ahnen der alten Philosophie und von Gründer der Milet Schule, eine der ersten philosophischen Schulen, verband alle Vielzahl der Angelegenheiten mit einem Ausgangsc$elementwasser. Er hielt Wasser für eine ursprüngliche Angelegenheit. Wässern Sie, er unterrichtete, ist die Quelle und der Ursprung von alles. Gleichzeitig ist Wasser und alles, die von es abstiegen, nicht leblos aber lebendig. Entsprechend Thales hat die Natur, Phasen- und leblos, eine Ausgangsantriebskraft, nämlich die Seele und den Gott.
Lao Tzi (Li äh) (getragen in 604 B.C.), der große chinesische Denker und ein Gründer von Taoism hatten ähnlichen Unterricht. Der Hauptbegriff von Taoism ist Tao, das metaphorisch verbunden wird, um zu wässern (Anfälligkeit und Beweglichkeit). Lao Tzi gesagt: „Das höhere gute ist ähnlich zu wässern. Wasser belebt alle lebenden Geschöpfe und nie Wettbewerbe mit ihnen. Alles, das nicht mit Tao übereinstimmt (vermutlich, Harmonie) stirbt vorzeitig. „Taoism ist die Philosophie oder der Weg in Richtung zur Harmonie. Während man nicht absolute Harmonie erzielen konnte, ist der Weg in Richtung zu ihm righteous und ein zutreffender Weg der Entwicklung. Nach Ansicht des Lao Tzi, sollten Leute nicht Weise der Natur der Entwicklung behinderen.
Pythagoras von Samos (circa 570-500 B.C.), der Philosoph des alten Griechen, auch umfaßter ähnlicher Unterricht. Pythagoreans bezog sich die auf Welt als Kosmos und deutete seine Harmonie und Verkollkommnung an (das griechische Wort cosme bedeutet „Schönheit“). Verkollkommnung des Kosmos basiert auf bestimmten numerischen Wechselbeziehungen, die die Grundlage der Bewegung der himmlischen Körper sind. Sie sind auch die Grundlage der musikalischen Harmonie und können in den Anteilen dem menschlichen Körper sogar gefunden werden. Pythagoras war der erste, zum der Darlegung auf lebendiger Lebenphilosophie oder Liebe von Klugheit zu benennen.
Heraclites von Ephes (ungefähr 544-438 B.C.), ein anderer Philosoph des alten Griechen, verlängerte einige dieser Ideen. Er entwickelte das Konzept des unaufhörlichen Flusses und der Anordnung und unterrichtete uns, daß „alles in einem Zustand des Flusses ist,“ und „man kann nicht in den gleichen Fluß zweimal treten“. Entsprechend Heraclites ist Menschlichkeit ein Teil der Natur. Natur (Kosmos) ist, pulsierende Flamme (Energie?) unaufhörlich leben welches nicht durch niemand verursacht wurde. Es ist ewig und unsterblich („erahnen Sie“). Wir sollten an Natur uns anpassen und sein „beleben Sie“ Seele-ewig FeuerFirmenzeichen.
Es ist interessant, wie Heraclites „den Barbarity der menschlichen Seele“ in seinem spezifischen körperlichen Zustand sieht. Er erklärt, daß, obgleich die Seele von der Feuchtigkeit entsteht, sie neigt, oben zu trocknen. Der Unterschied zwischen „machte“ naß und eine „trockene“ Seele stellt den Unterschied zwischen einem Dummkopf und einer gescheiten Person fest. Die Seele eines klugen Mannes ist das trockenste und das beste. Entsprechend Heraclites im Zustand der äußersten Trockenheit strahlt eine Seele Licht aus.
Socrates (ungefähr 469-399 B.C.), ein anderer Philosoph des alten Griechen, war einer der Gründer von Dialektik als Methode der Suche nach Wahrheit. Er sah Selbst-realisierung als eine Weise, Harmonie zu erzielen an, die das Ziel der Philosophie war.
Democritus (circa 470-360 B.C.), der Philosoph des alten Griechen, betrachtete die Ausführung des höchsten Niveaus des Wohls oder der Harmonie, die indem er begrenzte Einerwünsche möglich ist und indem er einen gemäßigten Lebensstil annahm.
Aristoteles (384-322 B.C.), der Philosoph des alten Griechen und der Universaldenker, begriffen von den Wesensmerkmalen vieler neuer Wissenschaften, nämlich Physik, Biologie, Psychologie, Logik und Ethik. Er hielt Gott für den höchsten Fall von natürlichem anstatt Sozialauftrag. Die Wurzeln der europäischen Zivilisation verlängern zurück zu altem Griechenland, in dem eine ununterbrochene, vereinheitlichte Kultur blühte. Der alte Grieche hatte einen deutlich integralen und freien Anblick der Welt, wie orientalische Philosophien im allgemeinen einschließlich Hinduismus und Buddhismus.
Die wissenschaftliche Revolution ist normalerweise mit den Namen von Kopernikus, von Galileo und von Newton verbunden. Die wissenschaftliche Methode wurde entwickelt und wir verdanken unseren heutigen wissenschaftlichen und technischen Fortschritt ihm. Dennoch zerstörte es die Gesamtheit und die Vollständigkeit der Welt. Wir entfremdeten uns von der Natur. Disharmonie herschte in der Entwicklung der Zivilisation vor. Wir stellen jetzt seine Konsequenzen gegenüber und versuchen noch einmal, eine Weise zurück zu Harmonie zu finden, aber wir neigen, zu vergessen, daß Menschlichkeit bereits auf diese Weise geführt hat. Außerdem wurden diese Wege anders als in zahlreichen Ländern von der Welt überquert. Es gab immer Länder, die waren, die Traditionen der harmonischen Koexistenz mit Natur, dynamisches Gleichgewicht beizubehalten zwischen den geistigen und materiellen Kräften und zwischen Völkern und Gesellschaft für Jahrtausende.
Whither grüne Utopias
Reise nach der Vergangenheit oder den Anblicken von Zukunft?
durch Arnab Roy Chowdhury
(Schwäne - 19. November 2007) ist Utopie buchstäblich „landen nirgendwo,“ eine ideale Gesellschaft in einem anderen Platz, in dem Freiheit, Gleichheit und Gerechtigkeit vorherscht. Ein Land über Ausnutzung, Krieg, Armut und Unterdrückung hinaus. Utopias sind im Allgemeinen über die derzeitige Situation der Gesellschaft extrem kritisch (Frankland, Barry, 2002). Utopic Philosophien sind im Verlauf der Geschichte von Ideen rückläufig; sie haben oft in der Myriade der Formen, im unterschiedlichen Alter erneuert. Wir haben „marxistische Utopie“ als das glänzende Beispiel, das den durchdringendsten Einfluß in der menschlichen Geschichte hat. Ähnlich haben wir grüne utopias, das das Thema der Diskussion über dieses Papier ist.
„Grünes Utopias“ oder „Eco-topias“ sind vorbildliche Gesellschaften, in denen Mann und Natur in der vollkommenen Harmonie und in der Abhängigkeit bestehen. Der eco-topist Philosoph glaubt, daß es eine „Idealart“ Bedingung in der Vergangenheit, in der wirklich dieser Zustand der vollkommenen Harmonie vorherschte, die ist gab, sobald sie „empirische Wirklichkeit“ waren (Geus, 1999). Ideale Modelle dieser Gesellschaften in ihrem Verstand intakt halten, wünschen die „grünen Radikale,“ auf eine ähnliche Art und Weise als die „marxistischen Radikale,“ zu einer verursachengesellschaft, in der tadellose Bedingungen vorherschen.
Ökologische Politik barst heraus in die Szene in den späten sechziger Jahren, eine Periode, als Anarchie als politische hauptsächlichideologie wieder belebt wurde. Das Erzeugung von sechziger Jahren wurde mit Kapitalisten und Marxistideen wegen der Durcheinander dieser Ideologien, eine korrekte Lösung für menschliches Elend und Ausnutzung zu finden und eine korrekte Richtung für menschliches Glück und Emanzipation desillusioniert. Mit der großen Wirtschaftskrise von 1929 gefolgt von den Unfällen des zweiten Weltkrieges und der Unterdrückung durch autoritäre marxistische Regime, hatte dieses Erzeugung alles verloren, wollten sie in den Nostalgiker hinter zurück gehen, wollten sie aus dem „beschleunigten Schritt der Geschichte heraus leben,“ träumten sie über ihr Dorf ihre Natur und ihr idyllisches Leben, die sie einmal genossen, und sie nahmen wahr, daß evilness der menschlichen Habsucht für Fülle und Energie die Natur und ihr Leben zerstört hat. Dieses ist der Hintergrund, von dem politischer Gedanke des Grüns aufgetaucht ist.
Die grüne Politik hat im allgemeinen zwei Annäherungen, man ist mehr oder weniger anthropocentric, flach, weniger radikale Umweltbewegung; das andere ist tiefes, biocentric, radikales ecologism. Sie, die beide ihre eigenen utopias, weniger Radikale haben, glauben an eine gleichmacherische Gesellschaft in der Harmonie mit Natur, in der Natur definitiv ein utilitaristisches Bestehen hat; während die radikaleren Protogrüns dem Geben der gleichen Rechte zu bemannen und anderer nicht menschlicher Flora und Fauna glauben, in der Natur seinen eigenen nicht-utilitaristischen tatsächlichen Wert hat. Die Form der grünen Bewegungen, die sich in Amerika, in Australien und in Skandinavien entwickelt hat, die tatsächlich entwickelte Kapitalistländer sind, mehr oder weniger hängt nach der proto-grünen radikalen Philosophie ab; während die Klimabewegungen der dritte Weltländer, der meistens schlechten und unterentwickelten Länder, nach den flachen ökologischen Grundregeln von Klimagerechtigkeit abhängen, in der Parität in der Verteilung der Klimabetriebsmittel wichtig ist, die Hand-in-Hand zur Debatte auf stützbarer Entwicklung paßt (Guha, 1997, 2000, 2006).
leitet der radikale und flache eco-politische Gedanke viel seiner Inspiration von drei Linien von Philosophien ab: Anarchie, Romantik und Tiefes-Ecologism, die tatsächlich in vielen Weisen ähnlich sind. Ich bespreche sie eins nach dem anderen.
Anarchie ist hauptsächlich eine französische Philosophie, die von Proudhon und von Bakunin und später von Peter Kroptokin entwickelt wird. Murray Bookchin nahm Idee Kroptokins, gab ihm eine ökologische Torsion und entwickelte die Schule von „Sozialökologie.“ Viel des politischen umweltsmäßiggedankens kommt von den Ecoanarchisten. Die Wort-Anarchie leitet vom griechischen Wort „ohne Richtlinie ab,“ aber ohne Richtlinie ist nicht mit „ohne Richtlinien,“ cognate, also würde es falsch sein, „Anarchie“ mit „Chaos gleichzustellen.“ Vollkommene Anarchie ist ein Zustand der vollkommenen politischen Gleichheit. Die Anarchisten setzen hauptsächlich dem Zustand und seiner zwingenden Natur entgegen; sie glauben, daß eine stateless Gesellschaft möglich und vorzuziehend als Zustand-vorherrsch ist. Jetzt kann eine stateless Gesellschaft sehr gut angerufen werden eine utopische Gesellschaft, aber den Glauben, daß, sobald sie bestanden, den utopischen Aufkleber ein empirisches Verankern (Licht, 2002) verleiht.
Romantik war eine literarische und philosophische Bewegung, die durch die Arbeit von Rousseau in Frankreich, von Goethe in Deutschland und von Dichtern Coleridge und Wordsworth in Großbritannien getankt wurde. Die Romanticists Wertkreativität und die Freiheit der einzelnen Erfahrung und ein authentisches Interesse für unspoilt Natur und landwirtschaftliche Tradition. Die Bewegung blühte in Westeuropa und in Amerika vom 1750s zum 1870s. Sein Individualismus zusammen mit einer melancholic Anerkennung der verschwindenen Natur bildete Radikal der Romantik politisch, und es kann gesehen werden, wie proto-grün, wenn man diese Themen (Stephens, 2002) verbindet.
Ähnlich „tiefe ökologie-Bewegung“ kann von einem Artikel verfolgt werden, der vom norwegischen Philosophen und vom Klimaaktivisten Arne Naess 1973 geschrieben wird, erlaubt die flache und tiefe Bewegung der ökologie-(lange Strecke): Eine Zusammenfassung. Naess weist die „flache ökologische“ Annäherung zugunsten der letzten zurück und schreibt, daß die „tiefe ökologie“ mit (a) Ablehnung des Mann-inklima Bildes betroffen wird, zugunsten der Verwandtschaftsgesamtmenge auffangen Bild; (b) biospherical Egalitarismus prinzipiell; (c) Grundregel der Verschiedenartigkeit und Symbiose (d) Anti-Kategorie Lage (e) des Kampfes gegen Verunreinigung und Hilfsmittelentleerung (f) Kompliziertheit nicht Komplikation (g) lokale Autonomie und Dezentralisierung (Barry, 2002). Alle diese Philosophien haben Belastungen „von deepness“ und „von shallowness“ in ihnen, unterscheiden sich sie in ihrer Radikalismus und sie haben unterschiedliche Anblicke von Utopie.
Jetzt gibt es kein Problem mit Utopias als solches, in jeder Gesellschaft und in jeder Kultur besteht sie in den unterschiedlichen Formen, aber kurzsichtige Anblicke der Zukunft verursachen häufig das Problem, das sie erzielend Reise ist. Die flachen ökologen sind vom politischen naiveté des Populismus und von der Wiederbelebung der Rechts- Anti-weltlichen Kräfte in Indien beschuldigt worden; wegen ihres sofortigen materiellen Interesses haben sie häufig unbequeme Bündnisse mit Kommunalkräften gebildet, sind sie häufig Reaktionär in der Natur, die keine bestimmte politische Ideologie hat, oder sogar werden alternative Anblicke von Zukunft und folglich ihre Bewegungen ein Ende in und durch sich. Kritiker sagen, daß ihr vollkommenes Bild der oppressionless Gesellschaft tatsächlich nie in der Geschichte der menschlichen Zivilisation bestand, und das ist, warum sie utopias sind (Prasad, 2003, 2004). Die radikalen „Tief-ökologen,“ sind von den Anti-menschlichen Ansichten, sie haben formuliert eine „Plattform mit acht Punkten,“ im vierten Punkt, von dem sie sagen, „das Blühen des menschlichen Lebens beschuldigt worden und Kultur ist mit einer erheblichen Abnahme an der menschlichen Bevölkerung kompatibel, während das Blühen des nicht menschlichen Lebens diese Abnahme“ erfordert (Barry, 2002); und im achten Punkt sagen sie, „die, die zum oben genannten haben eine Verpflichtung, die notwendigen änderungen einzuführen“ (Barry, 2002), es können offenbar begriffen werden unterzeichnen, daß es eine uncanny Implikation der extremen faschistischen Ideologie in diesen Lehren gibt. Dies heißt, daß sie zu jeder möglicher Länge gehen können, „die notwendigen änderungen einzuführen“, um die menschliche Bevölkerung zu verringern und sie zu eine andere Nazi oder ein marxistisches „holocaust“ führen kann (Staudenmaier, 1995).
Wie ich sagte, gibt es kein Problem mit Utopie als solche -- Ich bewundere Träume, die Ursache und Grund geben zu leben, diesen Stoß wir in Richtung zur Ausführung der besseren lebenden Bedingungen, Glück und Freiheit, aber diese Träume sollten justierbar sein. Wenn eine Ursache oder Grund grösser wird, als selbst und sein Ziel wichtiger als seine Mittel wird, dann überwältigt das objektive Ziel das menschliche Thema, zuerst für, wem Wertsteigerung das Ziel formuliert wurde. Historische Konten des Klimaverlustes sollten uns ein Warnsignal geben, daß wir unser Klima mit Besonnenheit und nicht mit profligacy (Guha, 2006) benutzen sollten; es ist, solange Geschichte als ein Lehrer dient, aber weder gut, wenn es dienen, als eine Befehlsautorisierung noch es als Vorwand des Nehmens von Rache verwendet werden sollte. Die Vergangenheit kann ein Modell, das uns, aber die anspornt Antwortlügen zukünftig zweifellos sein, für die wir Workout freundlich mit unseren anwesenden Betriebsmitteln müssen.
Hinweise
Barry, John (2002) „tiefe ökologie“ in John Barry und Gen Frankland (E-D.) internationale Enzyklopädie der Klimapolitik, London: USA: Kanada Routledge.
Geus, M.A. De (1999), ökologisches Utopias: Vorstellen der stützbaren Gesellschaft, internationale Bücher, Ultrecht.
Guha, Ramachandra (1997) Vielzahl der Umweltbewegung: Versuche Norden und Süd (mit Joan Martinez-Alier), Oxford Universitätspresse, Indien.
Guha, Ramachandra, (2000) Umweltbewegung: Eine globale Geschichte, Oxford Universitätspresse, Neu-Delhi.
Guha, Ramachandra (2006) How Much Should a Person Consume? Thinking Through the Environment, University of California, Berkeley Press; Permanent Black, India.
Light, Andrew (2002), "Murray Bookchin" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Prasad, Archana (2003) Against Ecological Romanticism: Verrier Elwin and the Making of an Anti-Modern Tribal Identity, Gurgaon, India Three Essays Collective.
Prasad, Archana (2004), Environmentalism and the Left, New Delhi Leftword Books
Staudenmaier, Peter (1995) "Fascist Ideology: The Green Wing of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents" in Peter Staudenmaier and Janet Biehl (ed) Ecofascism; Lessons from German Experience, Edinburgh, Scotland
Stephens, Piers H.G.(2002) "Romanticism" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Living as One with All
By
Todd F. Eklof
March 5, 2006
Master Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido, taught us that “All things , material and spiritual, originate from one source, and are related as if they were one family.”[1] This is not unlike what scientists are telling us today about the Universe, that all things originate from the, so called, Big Bang, and are, therefore, related. Indeed, even today, all beings are still so intimately related that we continue to share between us the very same atoms that were created in those first fiery moment 13.7 billion years ago. With each inhalation we take in almost a quadrillion of these atoms, that’s ten with 24 zero’s behind it, more than 1000 trillion. And with each exhalation we offer that same number of atoms back to the Universe. As Deepak Chopra explains, “we can show beyond a shadow of doubt that right this moment you have in your physical body at least a million atoms that were once in the body of Christ, or the Buddha, or Michelangelo, or Leonardo da Vinci, or Saddam Hussein, or Osama bin Laden, or George Bush. You have a million atoms right now that have been in the body of every single being that has existed since the dawn of creation. In just the last three weeks a quadrillion atoms have gone through your body and they have gone through the body of every other living species on this planet.”[2] Or, as theologian Matthew Fox simply says, “Creation brings us all together.”[3]
This is important information because it reminds us that we not only come from one source, but we remain connected to that source through our relation to each other, forever! As Thomas Aquinas understood, “each and every creature exists for the perfection of the entire universe.”[4] In other words, though each of us is individually imperfect, and incapable, therefore, of existing and continuing completely on our own, all things are created to work perfectly together. This means, furthermore, that the Universe would be incomplete without you! Without you, the entire universe would cease to exist! This isn’t to say that another universe, a universe without you might not spill into existence as a default, but the universe that now exists would be gone forever. Perhaps this is what William James understood when he suggested we can “see a world in a grain of sand, or heaven in a wildflower;”[5] Not that the entire Universe exists within each grain, or heaven within each flower, but that without that individual grain, or that individual flower, the entire Universe, as we know it, would be incomplete.
Surely this is what Master Ueshiba understood when he further advises us to “Return to that source, leaving behind all self-centered thoughts, petty desires, and anger. Those who are possessed by nothing possess everything.”[6] For it is only when we forget where we come from, and, subsequently, that all is related, part of one Universe, that our actions, through egocentrism, and the collective egocentrism we call “anthropocentrism,” that our actions become harmful to ourselves and to All Our Relations. “There is evil and disharmony in the world,” Ueshiba says, “because people have forgotten that all things emanate from one source.”[7] Or, as Black Elk explained, “Peace comes within the souls of [people] when they realize their relationship, their oneness with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the Universe dwells Wankan-Tanka [the Great Spirit], and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”[8]
For the sake of continuing our discussion, then, let us dare attempt to describe this Source, this Great Mother, from which all things originate. But in so doing, we must humbly understand what is meant when the Tao Te Ching explains, “the name that can be named is not the eternal Name,”[9] and when the Baghavad Gita tells us, “God has a million faces,” and the Rg Veda says, “The one being the wise call by many names.”[10] This is the reason the ancient Israelites, led through the wilderness by a nebulous cloud and an ever-changing ball of fire, considered it a sin to even speak the unspeakable name of God, and why the Jewish Kabbalah tells us, “Every definition of God leads to heresy.”[11] Even the word “God” itself if far too small and inadequate a lens through which to view this Source. As Erich Fromm understood, “The more I know what God is not, the more knowledge I have of God.” [12] Similarly, Meister Eckhart, who referred to God as Absolute Nothing, suggested we “cannot know what God is, even though [we] be ever so well aware of what God is not…”[13]
In Buddhism, therefore, this Source from which we come, and to which we must return, is simply called “Mu,” which means “Nothingness.” Before Creation is Mu, nothingness, chaos and confusion, and it is ultimately out of this dark void that the Universe is born. As cosmologist, Brian Swimme tells us, “Each of the sextillion particles that foamed into existence had its root in this quantum vacuum, this originating reality.”[14] Nevertheless, science now explains that at almost the first instant of Creation, certain laws came to exist that have governed the Universe ever since. Although there was a brief moment when the electrons, positrons, quarks, and neutrinos that were rapidly coming into being interacted freely and randomly, it didn’t take long, much less than a second, before the gravitational, electromagnetic and the two strong and weak nuclear interactions became the basic phenomenological laws governing reality. Again, as Swimme explains;
In this phase transition the fundamental architecture of the universe’s interactions was set for all time. ]It was not yet certain where the largest stars would appear, but the upper limits of their sizes and intensities were already fixed. It was not yet certain how many planets would come into existence, but an invisible ceiling for their highest mountains was already in place because the strengths of the interactions of the mountain’s constituents were now in place. It was not at all certain that bivalve mollusks would ever exist, but the possibility for shell sizes were now determined. It was certainly far from obvious whether or not there would ever exist anything like a mammal, but the fundamental range for how high they could leap or how powerfully they could clamp their jaws was now set into the sinews of the universe.[15]
Perhaps even more important than our existential dependence on the fundamental interactions established during the first instance of the Cosmic birth is the fact that other laws, that could easily have been, were not established. “Had it settled on a slightly different strong interaction,” Swimme continues, “all the future stars would have exploded in a brief time, making an unfurling of life impossible. Had the universe established a slightly different gravitational interaction, none of the future galaxies would have taken shape.”[16] The establishment of these fundamental laws, or, if you will, habits, out of Mu, nothingness, chaos, are the very principles that have given shape to the Universe ever since, and have allowed the myriad of things, ourselves included, to be.
In brief, then, chaos gave birth to order, and it is that particular order that has sustained us, and the entire Universe ever since. So, perhaps, the best name we can give this Source, besides Mu, Nothingness, Chaos, is Harmony. Again, although, by themselves all things and all beings are imperfect, all of us have evolved together to work perfectly together. Another way to put it is that the Universe is simply relationship. If we don’t connect with each other through right relations there is, as Ueshiba said, “evil and disorder in the world.” In his profound book, The Natural Way of Farming, Masanobu Fukuoka suggests we can really consider all the laws of the Universe as one law, which he calls, “The Law of Harmony.”[17]As he understands it, all things return to it this law until they are eventually reabsorbed into Mu, Nothingness, Chaos. “All things fuse into a circle,” he says, “which reverts to a point, and the point to nothing.”[18]
So it truly is important as we live our lives that we return, as much as possible, to our origins by living according the first law, the Law of Harmony. “Harmony,” says Master Ueshiba, “originates with the flow of all things—its heart is like the movement of the wind and waves. The Way is like the veins that circulate blood through our bodies, following the natural flow of the life force. If you are separated in the slightest from that divine essence, you are far off the path.”[19]
In the Creation story of the Huichol Indians of Northern Mexico, all of us once lived in the realm of the divine, but forgot our origins when we were born into this world through a long tunnel. Each day, Tatewari, the Highest God, the Sun, visits us in this world to remind us of our fiery origins, then moves across the sky, returning to darkness to further remind us of our true home. For the Huichol, then, the spiritual journey involves our attempt to remember our true history and origins. Carl Jung also found this motif of a return to the womb, or to a Mother image of some sort, among other peoples as well. “The meaning of this cycle of myths is clear enough,” he said, “it is the longing to attain rebirth through a return to the womb, and to become immortal like the sun.”[20]
What the Huichols refer to as our original descent into this world through a tunnel from a forgotten divine realm, transpersonal theorist, Ken Wilber simply calls, involution (as opposed to evolution). “The whole ‘downward’ movement, whereby Spirit playfully loses and forgets itself in successively lower levels,” he writes, “is called involution.”[21]He further defines involution as 1) the successive “moving away” from Godhead, 2) the successive lessening of consciousness, 3) a successive forgetting or amnesis, 4) a successive stepping down of Spirit, 4) a successive increasing of alienation, separation, dismemberment, and fragmentation, and, 6) a successive objectification, projection, and dualism.
As we spiral further down each level of involution, we forget all that came before, rendering us, as Wilber says, “unconscious.”[22] Fortunately, once this process us complete, and we have fully forgotten our origins, true evolution can occur, described by Wilber as, “the unfolding of the higher from the lower.”[23] “Where involution proceeded by successive separations and dismemberments,” he says, “evolution, as the reverse, proceeds by successive remembering or anamnesis (Plato’s ‘recollection’ or ‘remembrance,’ Sufi zikr, Hindu smara, Buddha’s ‘recollection,’ etc.). Further, anamnesis and holism are actually the same thing: to remember is really to re-member, or join again in higher unity.”[24]
Unlike the Darwinian idea, then, of evolution as merely “natural selection,” Wilber’s idea is that true evolution occurs the more we remember our connection to All That Is, the more holistically we come to see the Universe and our role in it, the more we climb upward, returning to the Godhead, to our true origins. This means, then, the more we move toward the Law of Harmony, towards all things working together as one, the higher our level of existence becomes, even though this Law of Harmony may be called by different names. Among the solar systems we call it gravity or attraction. Among people it is called equality. In economics it’s called justice. In the environment it’s called sustainability. Science calls it homeostasis. Artists called it balance. Art lovers call it beauty. Philosophers call it truth, and moralists call it good. As Ueshiba says, “The Way of Harmony is a celebration of the bonding of heaven, earth, and humankind. It is all that is true, good, and beautiful.”[25] Whatever we may call it, the Law of Harmony is the first law of creation, the law within each of the trillions of billions of atoms we share together in each eternal moment, with each eternal breath.
A carta patente da harmonia internacional
Automatically translated into Portuguese thanks to WorldLingo
Sobre os millenniums muitas de nossas espécies lutaram e morreram para a harmonia. Chirst, Buddha, Abraham, Mary, Joan da arca, Moses, Gandhi, Lincoln, Luther, mãe Teresa, Martin Luther King, o Kennedys, Trudeau.
O que talvez lutaram, o que lutaram era a direita à harmonia, sua direita viver em um mundo harmonious. assim no unison com seus trabalhos grandes podemos nós peticionamos então tudo e estes
em uma “carta patente da harmonia” não como a política ou a doutrina mas como as lições e as verdades que levantam-se desta fonte grande do amor. Um amor e uma carta patente e para da harmonia internacional.
Nao certo do autor aqui mas de um segmento agradável de uma parte maior
aprecíe
ed
4. Na busca da harmonia de forças vitais
AS FORÇAS VITAIS dos seres humanos, dos ethnos, e da sociedade consistem em forças físicas, espirituais, naturais, intelectuais, e tecnologicos. A harmonia e o contrapeso de forças vitais asseguram a estabilidade dentro da sociedade, a integralidade da vida, e o longevity histórico, physiological, e social. Se um destes constituents torna-se esgotado, especialmente espiritual ou natural, discordância, degeneration, ou mesmo a extinção completa dos ethnos, a sociedade, ou os sapiens de Homo própria podem ocorrer. Muitos filósofos proeminentes do antiquity e do tempo atual procuraram conseguir a harmonia de forças vitais humanas.
No passado histórico, o relacionamento entre seres humanos e a natureza foram determinados na maior parte das vezes pelo ritmo dos processos. O conceito do retorno geral de fenômenos naturais e sociais, as well as a evolução cíclica das etnicidades, de comunidades, e de povos foi reconhecido desde épocas antigas. Pessoa-priests Enlightened, priests elevados, e o sábio realizado lhe. Oswald Spengler, Arnold Toynbee, Gumilyov, e outros thinkers famosos reconheceram a correlação da natureza e de fenômenos sociais. As forças vitais do humanity, dos ethnos, e da comunidade são também cíclico dentro que natureza-morrem afastado, only para transformar e crescer mais fortes em seu upsurge novo.
Em escolas filosóficas do grego antigo, tais como aquelas de Plato e de Pythagoras, a juventude foi ensinada primeiramente como alcançar a harmonia entre o corpo e a alma, como observar a natureza, e como compreender seus forças e ritmo do segredo. Esta filosofia é praticada ainda em escolas e em monasteries Buddhist hoje, isto é, não como o conquest da natureza mas a percepção verdadeira da natureza a fim conseguir o co-existence harmonious.
O Christianity tem-nos ensinado que a execução do ideal divine inclui as éticas da responsabilidade. Os seres humanos são verdadeiramente seres religiosos e espirituais somente quando resistem o desejo prejudicar criaturas ou natureza viva e quando se submetem a um incentive interno para criar bom e para amar a vida. As éticas Christian, como Albert Schweitzer discutiu, começam com este “reverence para a vida. ”
Thales de Milet (aproximadamente 625 ou 640 - 547 ou 545 B.C.), de um filósofo do grego antigo, do forefather da filosofia antiga, e do founder da escola de Milet, uma das primeiras escolas filosóficas, associou toda a variedade das matérias com a uma elemento-água inicial. Considerou a água uma matéria primal. Molhe, ele ensinou, é a fonte e a origem de tudo. Ao mesmo tempo, a água e tudo que desceram dele estão não inanimate mas vivas. De acordo com Thales, a natureza, viva e inanimate, tem uma força dirigindo inicial, a saber a alma e o deus.
O Lao Tzi (Li Er) (carregado em 604 B.C.), o thinker chinês grande e um founder de Taoism tiveram ensinos similares. A noção principal de Taoism é Tao, que é ligado metaphorically para molhar (susceptibility e resilience). Lao Tzi dito: “O bom mais elevado é similar molhar. A água enlivens todas as criaturas e nunca competições vivas com elas. Tudo que não comply com o Tao (presumably, harmonia) morre prematuramente. “Taoism é a filosofia ou o trajeto para a harmonia. Quando um não pôde conseguir a harmonia absoluta, o trajeto para ele será righteous e um trajeto verdadeiro do desenvolvimento. De acordo com o Lao Tzi, os povos não devem interferir com a maneira da natureza do desenvolvimento.
Pythagoras de Samos (circa 570-500 B.C.), filósofo do grego antigo, ensinos similares também embraced. Pythagoreans consultou ao mundo como o cosmos, implicando suas harmonia e perfeição (o cosme grego da palavra significa a “beleza”). A perfeição do cosmos é baseada em determinadas correlações numéricas que são a base do movimento de corpos heavenly. São também a base da harmonia musical e podem mesmo ser encontrados nas proporções do corpo humano. Pythagoras era o primeiro para chamar o discurso na filosofia da vida ou no amor animate da sabedoria.
Heraclites de Ephes (aproximadamente 544-438 B.C.), um outro filósofo do grego antigo, estendeu algumas destas idéias. Desenvolveu o conceito do fluxo e da formação perpetual e ensinou-nos que “tudo está em um estado do fluxo,” e “se não pode pisar no mesmo rio duas vezes”. De acordo com Heraclites, o humanity é parte da natureza. A natureza (cosmos) é perpetually viver, flama pulsando (a energia?) qual não foi criado por qualquer um. É eternal e immortal (“divine”). Nós devemos conformar-se à natureza e seu “animate” fogo-Logos alma-everlasting.
É interessante como Heraclites vê “o barbarity da alma humana” em seu estado corporeal específico. Explica que embora a alma origine da umidade, tende a secar acima. A diferença entre “molhou” e uma alma “seca” determina a diferença entre um tolo e uma pessoa inteligente. A alma de um homem sábio é a mais seca e a mais melhor. De acordo com Heraclites, no estado do dryness máximo uma alma radiates a luz.
Socrates (aproximadamente 469-399 B.C.), um outro filósofo do grego antigo, era um dos founders da dialética como um método da busca para a verdade. Considerou o self-realisation como uma maneira conseguir a harmonia, que era o alvo da filosofia.
Democritus (circa 470-360 B.C.), filósofo do grego antigo, considerou a realização do nível o mais elevado do bem estar, ou da harmonia, possível limitando one desejos e adotando um lifestyle moderado.
Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), o filósofo do grego antigo e o thinker universal, conceived dos fundamentos de muitas ciências novas, a saber física, biologia, psychology, lógica, e éticas. Considerou o deus o exemplo o mais elevado de natural melhor que a ordem social. As raizes da civilização européia estendem para trás a Greece antigo, onde uma cultura contínua, unified floresceu. Os gregos antigos tiveram uma visão distintamente integral e desobstruída do mundo, como as filosofias Oriental no general, including o Hinduism e o Buddhism.
A volta científica é associada geralmente com os nomes de Copernicus, de Galileo, e de newton. O método científico foi desenvolvido e nós devemos-lhe nosso progresso científico e técnico present-day. Contudo destruiu o wholeness e a integridade do mundo. Nós alienated da natureza. A discordância prevaleceu no desenvolvimento da civilização. Nós estamos enfrentando agora suas conseqüências e estamos tentando-as outra vez encontrar para trás uma maneira à harmonia, mas nós tendemos a esquecer-se de que o humanity tem passado já esta maneira. Além disso, estes trajetos foram atravessados diferentemente em vários países do mundo. Havia sempre os países que podiam manter as tradições do coexistence harmonious com natureza, equilíbrio dinâmico entre forças espirituais e materiais e entre povos e sociedade por millennia.
Viagem verde de Whither
Utopias ao passado ou às visões do futuro?
por Arnab Roy Chowdhury
(cisnes - novembro 19, 2007) Utopia é literalmente “aterra em nenhuma parte,” uma sociedade ideal em um outro lugar onde a liberdade, a igualdade, e a justiça prevaleçam. Uma terra além da exploração, da guerra, da pobreza, e do oppression. Utopias é geralmente extremamente crítico sobre a situação atual da sociedade (Frankland, Barry, 2002). As filosofias de Utopic são recurrent no curso da história das idéias; resurfaced o tempo e outra vez na miríade dos formulários, em idades diferentes. Nós temos “utopia Marxist” como o exemplo brilhando, que tem a influência a mais pervasive na história humana. Similarmente nós temos utopias verdes, que é o tópico da discussão deste papel.
“Utopias verde” ou “Eco-topias” são as sociedades modelo onde o homem e a natureza existem na harmonia e na interdependência perfeitas. O filósofo do eco-topist acredita que havia um “ideal-tipo” condição no passado onde realmente esta condição da harmonia perfeita prevaleceu, aquela está uma vez que eram “realidade empírica” (Geus, 1999). Mantendo modelos ideais destas sociedades intatos em sua mente, “os radicais verdes,” em uma forma similar como “os radicais Marxist,” querem a uma sociedade criar onde as circunstâncias immaculate prevaleçam.
A política Ecological estourou para fora na cena em 1960s atrasados, um período em que o anarchism revived como um ideology político principal. A geração dos 1960s disenchanted com capitalista e idéias do Marxist por causa dos debacles destes ideologies encontrar uma solução apropriada para a miséria e a exploração humanas, e um sentido apropriado para a felicidade e o emancipation humanos. Com o depression econômico grande de 1929 seguiu pelos disastres da segunda guerra de mundo e do oppression por regimes Marxist authoritarian, esta geração tinha perdido tudo, quiseram ir para trás no nostálgico após, quiseram viver fora “do ritmo acelerado da história,” sonharam sobre sua vila sua natureza e sua vida idyllic que apreciaram uma vez, e perceberam que o evilness do greed humano para a riqueza e o poder destruiu a natureza e sua vida. Este é o fundo de que o pensamento político do verde emergiu.
A política verde no general tem duas aproximações, uma é mais ou mais menos anthropocentric, raso, menos environmentalism radical; o outro é ecologism profundo, biocentric, radical. Que ambos têm seus próprios utopias, menos radicais acreditam em uma sociedade egalitarian na harmonia com natureza, onde a natureza tem definitivamente uma existência utilitarian; visto que os proto-verdes mais radicais acreditam dar direitas iguais equipar e o outro biota non-human, onde a natureza tem seu próprio valor intrínseco non-utilitarian. O formulário de movimentos verdes que se tornou em América, Austrália, e Escandinávia, que estão no fato desenvolveu países do capitalista, mais ou de menos depende em cima da filosofia radical proto-verde; visto que os movimentos ambientais dos países de terceiro mundo, de países na maior parte pobres e underdeveloped, dependem em cima dos princípios ecological rasos da justiça ambiental, onde a paridade na distribuição dos recursos ambientais é importante, que vai em conjunto com o debate no desenvolvimento sustainable (Guha, 1997, 2000, 2006).
O pensamento eco-político radical e raso deriva muita de sua inspiração de três linhas das filosofias: Anarchism, Romanticism, e Profundo-Ecologism, que estão no fato similar em muitas maneiras. Eu discuti-los-ei um por um.
O Anarchism é principalmente uma filosofia francesa desenvolvida por Proudhon e por Bakunin, e mais tarde por Peter Kroptokin. Murray Bookchin fêz exame da idéia de Kroptokin, deu-lhe uma torção ecological, e desenvolveu-o a escola “do Ecology social.” Muito do pensamento político ambiental vem dos eco-anarquistas. A palavra anarchy deriva-se da palavra grega “sem régua,” mas sem régua não se é cognate com “sem réguas,” assim que seria errado igualar “anarchy” com o “caos.” Anarchy perfeito é uma condição da igualdade política perfeita. Os anarquistas opõem principalmente o estado e sua natureza coercive; acreditam que uma sociedade stateless é possível e preferível do que estado-dominada. Agora uma sociedade stateless pode muito jorrar seja chamada uma sociedade utópica, mas a opinião very que uma vez que existiram empresta a etiqueta utópica uma amarração empírica (luz, 2002).
Romanticism era um movimento literário e filosófico abastecido pelo trabalho de Rousseau em France, de Goethe em Germany, e dos poetas Coleridge e Wordsworth em Grâ Bretanha. A creatividade do valor de Romanticists e a liberdade da experiência individual e um interesse authentic para a natureza do unspoilt e a tradição rural. O movimento floresceu em Europa ocidental e em América do 1750s ao 1870s. Seu Individualism junto com uma apreciação melancholic da natureza desaparecendo fêz o radical de Romanticism polìtica, e pode-se ver como proto-verde em ligar estes temas (Stephens, 2002).
Similarmente, “o movimento profundo do Ecology” pode ser seguido de um artigo escrito pelo filósofo norueguês e pela activista ambiental Arne Naess em 1973, intitulado o movimento raso e profundo do Ecology (escala longa): Um sumário. Naess rejeita a aproximação “Ecological” rasa no favor do último e escreve que “o Ecology profundo” está concernido com a rejeção (a) da imagem do homem-em-ambiente, no favor da imagem total relacional do campo; (b) egalitarianism biospherical no princípio; (c) Princípio da diversidade e da luta da postura da Anti-Classe do Symbiosis (d) (e) de encontro à autonomia da complicação da complexidade do depletion da poluição e do recurso (f) não (g) e ao Decentralisation locais (Barry, 2002). Todas estas filosofias têm tensões do “deepness” e do “shallowness” neles, diferem em seu radicalism e têm visões diferentes de Utopia.
Agora, não há nenhum problema com Utopias como esta', em cada sociedade e em cada cultura existe em formulários diferentes, mas as visões myopic do futuro críam frequentemente o problema que consegue a caminho os. Os ecólogos rasos foram acusados do naiveté político do populism e do revival de forças anti-secular right-wing em India; por causa de seu interesse material imediato deram forma frequentemente a alliances incômodos com forças communal, são frequentemente reactionary na natureza que não tem nenhum ideology político particular ou as visões alternativas uniformes do futuro e assim seus movimentos transformam-se uma extremidade e nse. Os críticos dizem que sua imagem perfeita da sociedade oppressionless no fato nunca existiu na história da civilização humana, e aquela é porque são utopias (Prasad, 2003, 2004). Os “Profundo-ecólogos radicais,” foram acusados de vistas anti-humanas, eles formularam de “uma plataforma oito pontos,” no quarto ponto de que dizem, “florescer da vida humana e a cultura é compatível com uma diminuição substancial na população humana, quando florescer da vida non-human requerer esta diminuição” (Barry, 2002); e no oitavo ponto dizem, “aqueles que subscrevem ao acima têm uma obrigação executar as mudanças necessárias” (Barry, 2002), ele podem claramente ser compreendidas que há uma implicação uncanny do ideology fascist extremo nestes tenets. Isto significa que podem ir a todo o comprimento “executar as mudanças necessárias” para reduzir a população humana e pode conduzir a um outro Nazi ou a um “holocaust Marxist” (Staudenmaier, 1995).
Como eu disse não há nenhum problema com utopia como esta' -- Eu admiro os sonhos que dão a causa e a razão viver, o esse impulso nós para a realização de circunstâncias vivas melhores, a felicidade, e a liberdade, mas estes sonhos devem ser ajustáveis. Quando uma causa ou a razão se torna mais grande do que própria e seu objetivo se torna mais importante do que seus meios, a seguir o objetivo objetivo overpowers o assunto humano, inicialmente para de quem betterment o objetivo foi formulado. Os clientes históricos da perda ambiental devem dar-nos um sinal de advertência que nós devemos usar nosso ambiente com prudence e não com profligacy (Guha, 2006); é bom contanto que a história agir como um professor, mas nem se agirem enquanto uma autoridade comandante nem deve ser usada como um pretext de fazer exame da vingança. O passado pode certamente ser um modelo que nos inspire mas as mentiras da resposta no futuro, para que nós temos que workout amicably com nossos recursos atuais.
Referências
Barry, John (2002) “Ecology profundo” em John Barry e Encyclopaedia internacional da política ambiental, Londres de Frankland do Gene (ed.): EUA: Canadá Routledge.
Geus, M.A. de (1999), Utopias Ecological: Envisioning a sociedade Sustainable, livros internacionais, Ultrecht.
Guha, 1997) variedades de Ramachandra (do Environmentalism: Essays norte e sul (com Joan Martinez-Alier), imprensa da universidade de Oxford, India.
Guha, Ramachandra, (2000) Environmentalism: Uma história global, imprensa da universidade de Oxford, Nova Deli.
Guha, Ramachandra (2006) How Much Should a Person Consume? Thinking Through the Environment, University of California, Berkeley Press; Permanent Black, India.
Light, Andrew (2002), "Murray Bookchin" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Prasad, Archana (2003) Against Ecological Romanticism: Verrier Elwin and the Making of an Anti-Modern Tribal Identity, Gurgaon, India Three Essays Collective.
Prasad, Archana (2004), Environmentalism and the Left, New Delhi Leftword Books
Staudenmaier, Peter (1995) "Fascist Ideology: The Green Wing of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents" in Peter Staudenmaier and Janet Biehl (ed) Ecofascism; Lessons from German Experience, Edinburgh, Scotland
Stephens, Piers H.G.(2002) "Romanticism" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Living as One with All
By
Todd F. Eklof
March 5, 2006
Master Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido, taught us that “All things , material and spiritual, originate from one source, and are related as if they were one family.”[1] This is not unlike what scientists are telling us today about the Universe, that all things originate from the, so called, Big Bang, and are, therefore, related. Indeed, even today, all beings are still so intimately related that we continue to share between us the very same atoms that were created in those first fiery moment 13.7 billion years ago. With each inhalation we take in almost a quadrillion of these atoms, that’s ten with 24 zero’s behind it, more than 1000 trillion. And with each exhalation we offer that same number of atoms back to the Universe. As Deepak Chopra explains, “we can show beyond a shadow of doubt that right this moment you have in your physical body at least a million atoms that were once in the body of Christ, or the Buddha, or Michelangelo, or Leonardo da Vinci, or Saddam Hussein, or Osama bin Laden, or George Bush. You have a million atoms right now that have been in the body of every single being that has existed since the dawn of creation. In just the last three weeks a quadrillion atoms have gone through your body and they have gone through the body of every other living species on this planet.”[2] Or, as theologian Matthew Fox simply says, “Creation brings us all together.”[3]
This is important information because it reminds us that we not only come from one source, but we remain connected to that source through our relation to each other, forever! As Thomas Aquinas understood, “each and every creature exists for the perfection of the entire universe.”[4] In other words, though each of us is individually imperfect, and incapable, therefore, of existing and continuing completely on our own, all things are created to work perfectly together. This means, furthermore, that the Universe would be incomplete without you! Without you, the entire universe would cease to exist! This isn’t to say that another universe, a universe without you might not spill into existence as a default, but the universe that now exists would be gone forever. Perhaps this is what William James understood when he suggested we can “see a world in a grain of sand, or heaven in a wildflower;”[5] Not that the entire Universe exists within each grain, or heaven within each flower, but that without that individual grain, or that individual flower, the entire Universe, as we know it, would be incomplete.
Surely this is what Master Ueshiba understood when he further advises us to “Return to that source, leaving behind all self-centered thoughts, petty desires, and anger. Those who are possessed by nothing possess everything.”[6] For it is only when we forget where we come from, and, subsequently, that all is related, part of one Universe, that our actions, through egocentrism, and the collective egocentrism we call “anthropocentrism,” that our actions become harmful to ourselves and to All Our Relations. “There is evil and disharmony in the world,” Ueshiba says, “because people have forgotten that all things emanate from one source.”[7] Or, as Black Elk explained, “Peace comes within the souls of [people] when they realize their relationship, their oneness with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the Universe dwells Wankan-Tanka [the Great Spirit], and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”[8]
For the sake of continuing our discussion, then, let us dare attempt to describe this Source, this Great Mother, from which all things originate. But in so doing, we must humbly understand what is meant when the Tao Te Ching explains, “the name that can be named is not the eternal Name,”[9] and when the Baghavad Gita tells us, “God has a million faces,” and the Rg Veda says, “The one being the wise call by many names.”[10] This is the reason the ancient Israelites, led through the wilderness by a nebulous cloud and an ever-changing ball of fire, considered it a sin to even speak the unspeakable name of God, and why the Jewish Kabbalah tells us, “Every definition of God leads to heresy.”[11] Even the word “God” itself if far too small and inadequate a lens through which to view this Source. As Erich Fromm understood, “The more I know what God is not, the more knowledge I have of God.” [12] Similarly, Meister Eckhart, who referred to God as Absolute Nothing, suggested we “cannot know what God is, even though [we] be ever so well aware of what God is not…”[13]
In Buddhism, therefore, this Source from which we come, and to which we must return, is simply called “Mu,” which means “Nothingness.” Before Creation is Mu, nothingness, chaos and confusion, and it is ultimately out of this dark void that the Universe is born. As cosmologist, Brian Swimme tells us, “Each of the sextillion particles that foamed into existence had its root in this quantum vacuum, this originating reality.”[14] Nevertheless, science now explains that at almost the first instant of Creation, certain laws came to exist that have governed the Universe ever since. Although there was a brief moment when the electrons, positrons, quarks, and neutrinos that were rapidly coming into being interacted freely and randomly, it didn’t take long, much less than a second, before the gravitational, electromagnetic and the two strong and weak nuclear interactions became the basic phenomenological laws governing reality. Again, as Swimme explains;
In this phase transition the fundamental architecture of the universe’s interactions was set for all time. ]It was not yet certain where the largest stars would appear, but the upper limits of their sizes and intensities were already fixed. It was not yet certain how many planets would come into existence, but an invisible ceiling for their highest mountains was already in place because the strengths of the interactions of the mountain’s constituents were now in place. It was not at all certain that bivalve mollusks would ever exist, but the possibility for shell sizes were now determined. It was certainly far from obvious whether or not there would ever exist anything like a mammal, but the fundamental range for how high they could leap or how powerfully they could clamp their jaws was now set into the sinews of the universe.[15]
Perhaps even more important than our existential dependence on the fundamental interactions established during the first instance of the Cosmic birth is the fact that other laws, that could easily have been, were not established. “Had it settled on a slightly different strong interaction,” Swimme continues, “all the future stars would have exploded in a brief time, making an unfurling of life impossible. Had the universe established a slightly different gravitational interaction, none of the future galaxies would have taken shape.”[16] The establishment of these fundamental laws, or, if you will, habits, out of Mu, nothingness, chaos, are the very principles that have given shape to the Universe ever since, and have allowed the myriad of things, ourselves included, to be.
In brief, then, chaos gave birth to order, and it is that particular order that has sustained us, and the entire Universe ever since. So, perhaps, the best name we can give this Source, besides Mu, Nothingness, Chaos, is Harmony. Again, although, by themselves all things and all beings are imperfect, all of us have evolved together to work perfectly together. Another way to put it is that the Universe is simply relationship. If we don’t connect with each other through right relations there is, as Ueshiba said, “evil and disorder in the world.” In his profound book, The Natural Way of Farming, Masanobu Fukuoka suggests we can really consider all the laws of the Universe as one law, which he calls, “The Law of Harmony.”[17]As he understands it, all things return to it this law until they are eventually reabsorbed into Mu, Nothingness, Chaos. “All things fuse into a circle,” he says, “which reverts to a point, and the point to nothing.”[18]
So it truly is important as we live our lives that we return, as much as possible, to our origins by living according the first law, the Law of Harmony. “Harmony,” says Master Ueshiba, “originates with the flow of all things—its heart is like the movement of the wind and waves. The Way is like the veins that circulate blood through our bodies, following the natural flow of the life force. If you are separated in the slightest from that divine essence, you are far off the path.”[19]
In the Creation story of the Huichol Indians of Northern Mexico, all of us once lived in the realm of the divine, but forgot our origins when we were born into this world through a long tunnel. Each day, Tatewari, the Highest God, the Sun, visits us in this world to remind us of our fiery origins, then moves across the sky, returning to darkness to further remind us of our true home. For the Huichol, then, the spiritual journey involves our attempt to remember our true history and origins. Carl Jung also found this motif of a return to the womb, or to a Mother image of some sort, among other peoples as well. “The meaning of this cycle of myths is clear enough,” he said, “it is the longing to attain rebirth through a return to the womb, and to become immortal like the sun.”[20]
What the Huichols refer to as our original descent into this world through a tunnel from a forgotten divine realm, transpersonal theorist, Ken Wilber simply calls, involution (as opposed to evolution). “The whole ‘downward’ movement, whereby Spirit playfully loses and forgets itself in successively lower levels,” he writes, “is called involution.”[21]He further defines involution as 1) the successive “moving away” from Godhead, 2) the successive lessening of consciousness, 3) a successive forgetting or amnesis, 4) a successive stepping down of Spirit, 4) a successive increasing of alienation, separation, dismemberment, and fragmentation, and, 6) a successive objectification, projection, and dualism.
As we spiral further down each level of involution, we forget all that came before, rendering us, as Wilber says, “unconscious.”[22] Fortunately, once this process us complete, and we have fully forgotten our origins, true evolution can occur, described by Wilber as, “the unfolding of the higher from the lower.”[23] “Where involution proceeded by successive separations and dismemberments,” he says, “evolution, as the reverse, proceeds by successive remembering or anamnesis (Plato’s ‘recollection’ or ‘remembrance,’ Sufi zikr, Hindu smara, Buddha’s ‘recollection,’ etc.). Further, anamnesis and holism are actually the same thing: to remember is really to re-member, or join again in higher unity.”[24]
Unlike the Darwinian idea, then, of evolution as merely “natural selection,” Wilber’s idea is that true evolution occurs the more we remember our connection to All That Is, the more holistically we come to see the Universe and our role in it, the more we climb upward, returning to the Godhead, to our true origins. This means, then, the more we move toward the Law of Harmony, towards all things working together as one, the higher our level of existence becomes, even though this Law of Harmony may be called by different names. Among the solar systems we call it gravity or attraction. Among people it is called equality. In economics it’s called justice. In the environment it’s called sustainability. Science calls it homeostasis. Artists called it balance. Art lovers call it beauty. Philosophers call it truth, and moralists call it good. As Ueshiba says, “The Way of Harmony is a celebration of the bonding of heaven, earth, and humankind. It is all that is true, good, and beautiful.”[25] Whatever we may call it, the Law of Harmony is the first law of creation, the law within each of the trillions of billions of atoms we share together in each eternal moment, with each eternal breath.
Chartern av landskampharmoni
Automatically translated into Swedish thanks to WorldLingo
Över milleniummarna har har många av vår art slagits och dött för harmoni. Chirst Buddha, Abraham, Mary, Joan av arken, Moses, Gandhi, Lincoln, Luther, fostrar Teresa, den Martin Luther konungen, Kennedysen, Trudeau.
Vad de har kanske slagits för, vad de slogs för, rakt till var harmonin som var deras bor rakt till, i en harmonisk värld. så i unisont med deras stora arbeten kan vi begär därefter alla och dessa i
”en charter av harmoni” inte som politik eller doktrin men som kurser och sanningar som uppstår från denna stora springbrunn av förälskelse. En förälskelse och en charter av och för landskampharmoni.
Inte säkert av författare här men ett trevligt segmentera av ett större lappar
tycker om
ed
4. I sökande av harmoni av livsviktiga styrkor
består DE LIVSVIKTIGA STYRKORNA av människor, ethnos och samhälle av för negro spiritual, naturliga, intellektuella och teknologiska styrkor för läkarundersökningen. Harmoni och balanserar av livsviktiga styrkor ser till stabilitet inom samhälle, fulltalighet av liv, och historisk, fysiologisk och social livslängd. Bör en av dessa konstituent, utmattad, speciellt blir negro spiritual eller naturlig den, disharmoni, försämring, eller även kan den färdiga utplåningen av ethnos, samhälle eller Homosapiens sig själv uppstå. Många utstående filosofer av forntid och den närvarande tiden har sökt att uppnå harmoni av livsviktiga styrkor för människan.
I den historiska förflutnan var förhållandet mellan människor och naturen beslutsamma till en stor grad vid rytmen av bearbetar. Begreppet av den allmänna recurrencen av naturliga och sociala fenomen, såväl som den cykliska evolutionen av etniciteter, gemenskaper, och bemannar har känts igen efter forntida tider. Upplyst bemanna-präster, kickpräster och det klokt som realiseras det. Oswald Spengler, Arnold Toynbee, Gumilyov och andra berömda tänkarear kände igen korrelationen av natur- och samkvämfenomen. De livsviktiga styrkorna av mänsklighet, ethnos och gemenskapen är också cykliska in natur-dem dör bort, only för att omforma och växa starkare i deras nya upsurge.
I forntida grekiskt filosofiskt skolar, liksom de av Plato, och Pythagoras, ungdom undervisades i första hand hur man når fram till harmoni between förkroppsligar och soul, hur man observerar naturen och hur man förstår dess hemlighetstyrkor och rytm. Denna filosofi är stilla erfaret i buddist skolar, och kloster i dag, det är, inte som erövringen av naturen men den riktiga föreställningen av naturen för att att uppnå harmonisk co-existence.
Kristendomen har undervisat oss att genomförandet av det gudomliga ideal inkluderar etik av ansvar. Människor är riktigt religiösa och andliga beings, när endast de motstår lusten till varelser eller naturen för skada bosatt, och när de sänder till ett inre incitament för att skapa goda och för att älska liv. Kristna etik, som Albert Schweitzer argumenterade, startar med detta ”pietet in mot liv. ”
Beståndsdel-bevattnar Thales från Milet (omkring 625 eller 640 - 547 eller 545 B.C.), en forntida grekisk filosof, anfadern av forntida filosofi, och grundaren av Mileten skolar, en av de första filosofiska skolar som är tillhörande all variation av materier med en som är initial. Han som är ansedd, bevattnar en ursprunglig materia. Bevattna honom undervisade, är källan och beskärningen av allt. Bevattna, och allt, som steg ned från det, är inte inanimate utan vid liv, samtidigt. Enligt Thales har naturen, både som är levande och som är inanimate, en initial drivkraft, namely soulen och guden.
Laotiska Tzi (Li Er) (bördiga 604 B.C.), den stora kinesiska tänkaren och en grundare av Taoism hade liknande undervisningar. Den huvudsakliga aningen av Taoism är Tao, som anknytas metaphorically för att bevattna (mottaglighet och resilience). Sagda laotiska Tzi: ”Är den högre godan liknande att bevattna. Bevattna enlivens alla bosatt varelser och bekämpar aldrig med dem. Allt, som inte uppfyller med Tao (förmodligen, harmoni) dör förtidigt. ”Är Taoism filosofin eller banan in mot harmoni. Stunder en som kan för att inte uppnå evig sanningharmoni, banan in mot den, ska är rättfärdiga och en riktig bana av utveckling. Enligt laotiska Tzi bör folket inte störa med naturen långt av utveckling.
Pythagoras av Samos (circa 570-500 B.C.), den forntida grekiska filosofen, också omfamnade liknande undervisningar. Pythagoreans såg till världen som kosmos som antyder dess harmoni och perfektion (greken uttrycker cosmehjälpmedel ”skönhet”). Perfektion av kosmoset baseras på bestämda numeriska korrelationer som är basen av vinka av heavenly förkroppsligar. De är också basen av musikalisk harmoni och kan även finnas i proportionerar av människokroppen. Pythagoras var första till appellen diskursen på levande livfilosofi eller förälskelse av vishet.
Heraclites av Ephes (omkring 544-438 B.C.), en annan forntida grekisk filosof, fördjupa några av dessa idéer. Han framkallade begreppet av evig flux och bildande och undervisade oss, att ”allt är i ett statligt av flux,”, och ”kan man inte kliva in i den samma floden två gånger”. Enligt Heraclites är mänsklighet delen av naturen. Naturen (kosmos) är bo som perpetually pulserar flammar (energi?) vilket inte skapades av någon. Det är evigt och odödligt (”prästen”). Vi bör att inordna sig till naturen, och dess ”animera” soul-eviga avfyra-Logoer.
Det intresserar hur Heraclites ser att ”omänskligheten av människasoulen” i dess specifika fysiskt påstår. Han förklarar att, även om soulen påbörjar från fuktighet, den ansar till torrt övre. Skillnaden mellan ”blöter”, och ”en torr” soul bestämmer skillnaden mellan en dumbom och en klyftig person. Soulen av en klok man är det mest torr och det bäst. Enligt Heraclites i det statligt av utmost dryness utstrålar en soul lätt.
Socrates (omkring 469-399 B.C.), en annan forntida grekisk filosof, var en av grundarearna av dialektikar som en metod av sökandet för sanning. Han betraktade själv-realisation som a långt för att uppnå harmoni, som var syftet av filosofi.
Democritus (circa 470-360 B.C.), den forntida grekiska filosofen som är ansedd prestationen av det högst, jämnar av well-being eller harmoni, möjlighet, genom att begränsa ens lust och genom att adoptera en dämpalivsstil.
Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), den forntida grekiska filosofen och universaltänkaren som tänkas ut av essentialsna av många nya vetenskaper, namely fysik, biologi, psykologi, logik och etik. Honom ansedd gud som de högst anföra som exempel av naturligt, i stället för samkvämet beställer. Rotar av europécivilisation fördjupa tillbaka till forntida Grekland, var en frodasd fortlöpande enad kultur. De forntida grekerna hade distinctly en integral och en klar vision av världen, som orientaliska filosofier i allmänhet, inklusive Hinduism och buddism.
Den vetenskapliga rotationen är vanligt tillhörande med namnger av Copernicus, Galileo och Newton. Den vetenskapliga metoden framkallades, och vi varar skyldig vårt nutidaa vetenskapliga och tekniska framsteg till det. Yet det förstörde wholenessen och fullständigheten av världen. Vi alienerade oss själva från naturen. Disharmoni som segras i utvecklingen av civilisation. Vi vänder mot nu dess följder och igen pröva för att finna långt tillbaka till harmoni, men vi ansar för att glömma att mänsklighet har passerat redan hitåt. Dessutom korsades dessa banor olikt i olika länder av världen. Det fanns alltid länder, som var kompetent att underhålla traditionerna av harmonisk samlevnad med naturen, dynamisk equilibrium mellan andliga och materiella styrkor, och bemannar between och samhälle för milleniummar.
Whither grön Utopias
resa till förflutnan eller visionerna av framtid?
vid Arnab Roy Chowdhury
(Swans - November 19, 2007) är Utopia formligen ”ett ingenstansland,” förlägger ett idealsamhälle i another var frihet, jämställdhet och rättvisa segrar. En landdet okändaexploatering, kriger, armod och förtryck. Utopias är allmänt extremt kritisk om det närvarande läget av samhället (Frankland, Barry, 2002). Utopic filosofier är recurrent i jaga av idéhistoria; de har resurfaced tid, och igen i myriad av bildar, i olika åldrar. Vi har ”marxistiska utopia” som det mest blända exemplet, som har den mest genomträngande påverkan i människahistoria. På motsvarande sätt har vi gröna utopias, som är ämnet av diskussionen av detta pappers-.
”Är gröna Utopias” eller ”Eco-topias” modellerar samhällen var manen och naturen finns görar perfekt in harmoni och beroende. Eco-topistfilosofen tror att det fanns ”ideal-skrivar” villkorar i förflutnan var faktiskt detta villkorar av görar perfekt segrad harmoni, det är, när de var ”empirisk verklighet” (Geus, 1999). Hålla ideal modellerar av dessa samhällen som är intakt i deras, varar besvärad, ”de gröna radikalerna,” i ett liknande danar som ”de marxistiska radikalerna,” önskar till ett skapasamhälle, var obefläckat, villkorar ska segrar.
Den ekologiska politiken brast ut in i platsen i sen 60-tal, en period, då anarkism upplivades som en politisk ideologi för ha som huvudämne. Utvecklingen av 60-tal disenchanted med kapitalistiska och marxistiska idéer på grund av debaclesna av dessa ideologir att finna en riktig lösning för människamisär och exploatering, och en riktig riktning för människalycka och emancipation. Med den stora ekonomiska fördjupningen av 1929 som följs av katastroferna av understödjavärlden, kriga och förtryck vid auktoritära marxistiska styren, hade denna utveckling borttappadt allt, önskade de att gå tillbaka i den nostalgiska förflutnan, önskade de att bo ut ur ”som accelererades, stegar av historia,” drömmde de om deras by deras natur och deras idylliska liv som de tyckte om en gång, och de märkte att ondskan av människagirighet för rikedom och driver har förstört naturen och deras liv. Denna är bakgrunden som politisk tanke för gräsplan har dykt upp från.
Den gröna politiken har i allmänhet två att närma sig, en är mer eller mindre anthropocentric, grunt, mindre radikal miljörörelse; annan är den djupa, biocentric radikala ecologismen. De som båda har deras egna utopias, mindre radikaler, tror i ett jämlikhets- samhälle i harmoni med naturen, var naturen har bestämt en utilitaristisk existens; eftersom de mer radikala proto-gräsplanerna tror att ge jämbördiga rätter till manen och annan non-human biota, var naturen har dess egna non-utilitaristiska inneboende att värdera. Bilda av grön förehavanden, som har framkallat i Amerika, Australien, och Skandinavien, som är i faktum, framkallade kapitalistiska länder, mer eller mindre beror på proto-görar grön radikal filosofi; eftersom den miljö- förehavanden av tredje världländerna, mestadels fattiga och underutvecklade länder, beror på de grunda ekologiska principerna av miljö- rättvisa, var paritet i fördelning av de miljö- resurserna är viktig, som går räcker - in - räcker med debatten på hållbar utveckling (Guha, 1997, 2000, 2006).
Både radikalen och den grunda eco-politiska tanken härleder mycket av dess inspiration från tre fodrar av filosofier: Anarkism som är romantisk och som Är djup-Ecologism, som är i faktumet som är liknande i många väg. Jag ska diskuterar dem en vid en.
Anarkism är främst en fransk filosofi som framkallas av Proudhon och Bakunin och som är mer sistnämnd vid Peter Kroptokin. Murray Bookchin tog Kroptokins idé, gav det en ekologisk vridning och framkallade skola av ”social ekologi.”, Mycket av den miljö- politiska tanken kommer från eco-anarkisterna. Uttryckaanarkin härleder från greken uttrycker ”härskar without,” men härskar without är inte cognate med ”härskar without,”, så den skulle är fel att likställa ”anarki” med ”kaos.”, Göra perfekt anarki är en villkora av görar perfekt politisk jämställdhet. Anarkisterna motsätter huvud den statliga och dess tvinga naturen; de tror att ett statslöst samhälle är både möjligheten och helst än påstå-dominerad. Nu kan ett statslöst samhälle mycket välla fram kallas ett utopian samhälle, men den very tron att, när de fanns, lånar den utopian etiketten empiriskt förtöja (tända, 2002).
Romantisk var en litterär och filosofisk rörelse som tankades av arbetet av Rousseau i Frankrike, Goethe i Tyskland och poetsna Coleridge och Wordsworth i Britannien. Romanticistsen värderar kreativitet, och frihet av individen erfar och ett autentiskt bekymmer för unspoiltnatur och lantlig tradition. Rörelsen frodasde i västra Europa och Amerika från 1750sen till 1870sen. Dess Individualism tillsammans med en melancholic gillande av att försvinna naturen gjorde den romantiska politiskt radikalen, och det kan ses som proto-görar grön, i att anknyta dessa teman (Stephens, 2002).
På motsvarande sätt ”kan djup ekologirörelse” spåras från en skriftlig artikel av den Norrman filosofen och den miljö- aktivisten Arne Naess i 1973, berättigat den grunda och djupa rörelsen för lång ekologi (spänna): Ett summariskt. Naess utskottsvaror som ”det grunda ekologiskt” att närma sig i favör av sistnämnden och skriver att ”den djupa ekologin” angå med kassering (a) av bemanna-i-miljön avbildar, i favör av den relations- slutsumman sätter in avbildar; (b) biospherical jämlikhetssträvande i princip; (c) Principen av mångfald och av symbios (D) Anti-Klassificerar göra sig till slagsmål (e) mot autonomi för lokalen för komplikation för komplexitet för förorening- och resursuttömmning (f) inte (G) och decentralisering (Barry, 2002). Alla dessa filosofier har anstränger av ”deepness” och ”shallowness” i dem, skilja sig åt de i deras radicalism, och de har olika visioner av Utopia.
Nu finns det något problem med Utopias, som sådan, i varje samhälle och varje kultur som den finns i olikt, bildar, men myopic visioner av framtiden skapar ofta problemen - rutten som uppnår dem. De grunda ekologerna har anklagats av politisk naiveté av populismen och nypremiär av right-wing anti-sekulära styrkor i Indien; på grund av deras omgående materiella bekymmer har de ofta bildat obekväma allianser med kollektiva styrkor, är de ofta bakåtsträvande i naturen som har ingen särskild politisk ideologi, eller jämna alternativa visioner av framtid och deras förehavanden blir thus en avsluta i och vid honom. Kritiker som något att säga, som deras göra perfekt, avbildar av oppressionless samhälle i faktum, fanns aldrig i historien av människacivilisation, och som är varför de är utopias (Prasad, 2003, 2004). De radikala ”Djup-ekologerna,” har anklagats av anti-människa beskådar, har de formulerat ”åtta pekar plattformen,” i fourthen peka av vilken de något att säga, ”blommandet av människoliv och kultur är kompatibla med en verklig minskning i människabefolkningen, fördriver blommandet av non-human liv kräver denna minskning” (Barry, 2002); och i åttondelen peka dem något att säga, ”de som prenumererar till det ovannämnt har ett åtagande att genomföra de nödvändiga ändringarna” (Barry, 2002), det kan klart begripas att det finns en uncanny implikation av den fascist ideologin för ytterligheten i dessa lärosatser. Detta kan hjälpmedlet, att de kan gå till någon längd ”genomför de nödvändiga ändringarna” för att förminska människabefolkningen och det leda till en annan Nazi eller en marxistisk ”förintelse” (Staudenmaier, 1995).
Som jag sade, finns det något problem med utopia som sådan -- Jag beundrar drömmar som ger sig orsakar och resonerar för att bo, den push som vi in mot prestation av det bättre uppehället villkorar, lyckan och frihet, men dessa drömmar bör vara justerbara. När en orsaka eller resonerar blir mer stor, än sig själv och dess mål blir viktigare än dess hjälpmedel, då det sakliga målet övermannar människan betvingar, initialt för vems betterment målet formulerades. Historiska konton av miljö- förlust bör ge oss som en varning signalerar att vi bör använda vår miljö med prudence och inte med profligacyen (Guha, 2006); det är bra, så länge som historia agerar som en lärare, men neither, bör det agerar, som en befälhavande myndighet nor det bör användas som ett svepskäl av att ta hämnd. Förflutnan kan bestämt vara en modellera, som inspirerar oss, bara svarsliesna i framtiden, som vi måste för genomköraren amicably med våra närvarande resurser.
Hänvisar till
Barry, John (2002) ”djup ekologi” i John Barry och uppslagsverk för genFrankland (ed.) landskamp av miljö- politik, London: USA: Kanada Routledge.
Geus M.A. de (1999), ekologiska Utopias: Föreställa sig det hållbara samhället, bokar landskampen, Ultrecht.
Guha Ramachandra (1997) variationer av miljörörelsen: Essänord och södra (med Joan Martinez-Alier), Oxford universitetarpress, Indien.
Guha Ramachandra, (2000) miljörörelse: En global historia, Oxford universitetarpress, nya Delhi.
Guha, Ramachandra (2006) How Much Should a Person Consume? Thinking Through the Environment, University of California, Berkeley Press; Permanent Black, India.
Light, Andrew (2002), "Murray Bookchin" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Prasad, Archana (2003) Against Ecological Romanticism: Verrier Elwin and the Making of an Anti-Modern Tribal Identity, Gurgaon, India Three Essays Collective.
Prasad, Archana (2004), Environmentalism and the Left, New Delhi Leftword Books
Staudenmaier, Peter (1995) "Fascist Ideology: The Green Wing of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents" in Peter Staudenmaier and Janet Biehl (ed) Ecofascism; Lessons from German Experience, Edinburgh, Scotland
Stephens, Piers H.G.(2002) "Romanticism" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Living as One with All
By
Todd F. Eklof
March 5, 2006
Master Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido, taught us that “All things , material and spiritual, originate from one source, and are related as if they were one family.”[1] This is not unlike what scientists are telling us today about the Universe, that all things originate from the, so called, Big Bang, and are, therefore, related. Indeed, even today, all beings are still so intimately related that we continue to share between us the very same atoms that were created in those first fiery moment 13.7 billion years ago. With each inhalation we take in almost a quadrillion of these atoms, that’s ten with 24 zero’s behind it, more than 1000 trillion. And with each exhalation we offer that same number of atoms back to the Universe. As Deepak Chopra explains, “we can show beyond a shadow of doubt that right this moment you have in your physical body at least a million atoms that were once in the body of Christ, or the Buddha, or Michelangelo, or Leonardo da Vinci, or Saddam Hussein, or Osama bin Laden, or George Bush. You have a million atoms right now that have been in the body of every single being that has existed since the dawn of creation. In just the last three weeks a quadrillion atoms have gone through your body and they have gone through the body of every other living species on this planet.”[2] Or, as theologian Matthew Fox simply says, “Creation brings us all together.”[3]
This is important information because it reminds us that we not only come from one source, but we remain connected to that source through our relation to each other, forever! As Thomas Aquinas understood, “each and every creature exists for the perfection of the entire universe.”[4] In other words, though each of us is individually imperfect, and incapable, therefore, of existing and continuing completely on our own, all things are created to work perfectly together. This means, furthermore, that the Universe would be incomplete without you! Without you, the entire universe would cease to exist! This isn’t to say that another universe, a universe without you might not spill into existence as a default, but the universe that now exists would be gone forever. Perhaps this is what William James understood when he suggested we can “see a world in a grain of sand, or heaven in a wildflower;”[5] Not that the entire Universe exists within each grain, or heaven within each flower, but that without that individual grain, or that individual flower, the entire Universe, as we know it, would be incomplete.
Surely this is what Master Ueshiba understood when he further advises us to “Return to that source, leaving behind all self-centered thoughts, petty desires, and anger. Those who are possessed by nothing possess everything.”[6] For it is only when we forget where we come from, and, subsequently, that all is related, part of one Universe, that our actions, through egocentrism, and the collective egocentrism we call “anthropocentrism,” that our actions become harmful to ourselves and to All Our Relations. “There is evil and disharmony in the world,” Ueshiba says, “because people have forgotten that all things emanate from one source.”[7] Or, as Black Elk explained, “Peace comes within the souls of [people] when they realize their relationship, their oneness with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the Universe dwells Wankan-Tanka [the Great Spirit], and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”[8]
For the sake of continuing our discussion, then, let us dare attempt to describe this Source, this Great Mother, from which all things originate. But in so doing, we must humbly understand what is meant when the Tao Te Ching explains, “the name that can be named is not the eternal Name,”[9] and when the Baghavad Gita tells us, “God has a million faces,” and the Rg Veda says, “The one being the wise call by many names.”[10] This is the reason the ancient Israelites, led through the wilderness by a nebulous cloud and an ever-changing ball of fire, considered it a sin to even speak the unspeakable name of God, and why the Jewish Kabbalah tells us, “Every definition of God leads to heresy.”[11] Even the word “God” itself if far too small and inadequate a lens through which to view this Source. As Erich Fromm understood, “The more I know what God is not, the more knowledge I have of God.” [12] Similarly, Meister Eckhart, who referred to God as Absolute Nothing, suggested we “cannot know what God is, even though [we] be ever so well aware of what God is not…”[13]
In Buddhism, therefore, this Source from which we come, and to which we must return, is simply called “Mu,” which means “Nothingness.” Before Creation is Mu, nothingness, chaos and confusion, and it is ultimately out of this dark void that the Universe is born. As cosmologist, Brian Swimme tells us, “Each of the sextillion particles that foamed into existence had its root in this quantum vacuum, this originating reality.”[14] Nevertheless, science now explains that at almost the first instant of Creation, certain laws came to exist that have governed the Universe ever since. Although there was a brief moment when the electrons, positrons, quarks, and neutrinos that were rapidly coming into being interacted freely and randomly, it didn’t take long, much less than a second, before the gravitational, electromagnetic and the two strong and weak nuclear interactions became the basic phenomenological laws governing reality. Again, as Swimme explains;
In this phase transition the fundamental architecture of the universe’s interactions was set for all time. ]It was not yet certain where the largest stars would appear, but the upper limits of their sizes and intensities were already fixed. It was not yet certain how many planets would come into existence, but an invisible ceiling for their highest mountains was already in place because the strengths of the interactions of the mountain’s constituents were now in place. It was not at all certain that bivalve mollusks would ever exist, but the possibility for shell sizes were now determined. It was certainly far from obvious whether or not there would ever exist anything like a mammal, but the fundamental range for how high they could leap or how powerfully they could clamp their jaws was now set into the sinews of the universe.[15]
Perhaps even more important than our existential dependence on the fundamental interactions established during the first instance of the Cosmic birth is the fact that other laws, that could easily have been, were not established. “Had it settled on a slightly different strong interaction,” Swimme continues, “all the future stars would have exploded in a brief time, making an unfurling of life impossible. Had the universe established a slightly different gravitational interaction, none of the future galaxies would have taken shape.”[16] The establishment of these fundamental laws, or, if you will, habits, out of Mu, nothingness, chaos, are the very principles that have given shape to the Universe ever since, and have allowed the myriad of things, ourselves included, to be.
In brief, then, chaos gave birth to order, and it is that particular order that has sustained us, and the entire Universe ever since. So, perhaps, the best name we can give this Source, besides Mu, Nothingness, Chaos, is Harmony. Again, although, by themselves all things and all beings are imperfect, all of us have evolved together to work perfectly together. Another way to put it is that the Universe is simply relationship. If we don’t connect with each other through right relations there is, as Ueshiba said, “evil and disorder in the world.” In his profound book, The Natural Way of Farming, Masanobu Fukuoka suggests we can really consider all the laws of the Universe as one law, which he calls, “The Law of Harmony.”[17]As he understands it, all things return to it this law until they are eventually reabsorbed into Mu, Nothingness, Chaos. “All things fuse into a circle,” he says, “which reverts to a point, and the point to nothing.”[18]
So it truly is important as we live our lives that we return, as much as possible, to our origins by living according the first law, the Law of Harmony. “Harmony,” says Master Ueshiba, “originates with the flow of all things—its heart is like the movement of the wind and waves. The Way is like the veins that circulate blood through our bodies, following the natural flow of the life force. If you are separated in the slightest from that divine essence, you are far off the path.”[19]
In the Creation story of the Huichol Indians of Northern Mexico, all of us once lived in the realm of the divine, but forgot our origins when we were born into this world through a long tunnel. Each day, Tatewari, the Highest God, the Sun, visits us in this world to remind us of our fiery origins, then moves across the sky, returning to darkness to further remind us of our true home. For the Huichol, then, the spiritual journey involves our attempt to remember our true history and origins. Carl Jung also found this motif of a return to the womb, or to a Mother image of some sort, among other peoples as well. “The meaning of this cycle of myths is clear enough,” he said, “it is the longing to attain rebirth through a return to the womb, and to become immortal like the sun.”[20]
What the Huichols refer to as our original descent into this world through a tunnel from a forgotten divine realm, transpersonal theorist, Ken Wilber simply calls, involution (as opposed to evolution). “The whole ‘downward’ movement, whereby Spirit playfully loses and forgets itself in successively lower levels,” he writes, “is called involution.”[21]He further defines involution as 1) the successive “moving away” from Godhead, 2) the successive lessening of consciousness, 3) a successive forgetting or amnesis, 4) a successive stepping down of Spirit, 4) a successive increasing of alienation, separation, dismemberment, and fragmentation, and, 6) a successive objectification, projection, and dualism.
As we spiral further down each level of involution, we forget all that came before, rendering us, as Wilber says, “unconscious.”[22] Fortunately, once this process us complete, and we have fully forgotten our origins, true evolution can occur, described by Wilber as, “the unfolding of the higher from the lower.”[23] “Where involution proceeded by successive separations and dismemberments,” he says, “evolution, as the reverse, proceeds by successive remembering or anamnesis (Plato’s ‘recollection’ or ‘remembrance,’ Sufi zikr, Hindu smara, Buddha’s ‘recollection,’ etc.). Further, anamnesis and holism are actually the same thing: to remember is really to re-member, or join again in higher unity.”[24]
Unlike the Darwinian idea, then, of evolution as merely “natural selection,” Wilber’s idea is that true evolution occurs the more we remember our connection to All That Is, the more holistically we come to see the Universe and our role in it, the more we climb upward, returning to the Godhead, to our true origins. This means, then, the more we move toward the Law of Harmony, towards all things working together as one, the higher our level of existence becomes, even though this Law of Harmony may be called by different names. Among the solar systems we call it gravity or attraction. Among people it is called equality. In economics it’s called justice. In the environment it’s called sustainability. Science calls it homeostasis. Artists called it balance. Art lovers call it beauty. Philosophers call it truth, and moralists call it good. As Ueshiba says, “The Way of Harmony is a celebration of the bonding of heaven, earth, and humankind. It is all that is true, good, and beautiful.”[25] Whatever we may call it, the Law of Harmony is the first law of creation, the law within each of the trillions of billions of atoms we share together in each eternal moment, with each eternal breath.
Хартия международной сработанности
Automatically translated into Russian thanks to WorldLingo
Над тысячелетиями много из наших видов воевали и умерли для сработанности. Chirst, Будда, Abraham, Mary, Джоан ковчега, Moses, Ганди, Lincoln, Luther, мать Тереза, Мартин Лютер Кинг, Kennedys, Trudeau.
Они возможно воевали для, они воевали для было право к сработанности, их право жить в гармоничном мире. так в unison с их большими работами можем мы урезониваем после этого все и эти в
«хартии сработанности» не как политика или доктрина но как уроки и правды возникая от этого большого фонтана влюбленности. Влюбленность и хартия и для международной сработанности.
Уверенн автора здесь но славного этапа более большой части
насладитесь
ed
4. In search of сработанность существенных усилий
СУЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ УСИЛИЯ людей, ethnos, и общества consist of физические, духовные, естественные, интеллектуальные, и технологические усилия. Сработанность и баланс существенных усилий обеспечивают стабилность внутри общество, завершенность жизни, и историческую, физиологическую, и социальную долговечность. ESLI один из этих составов становит вымотанное, специально духовноеся или естественноеся одно, disharmony, вырождение, or even вполне вымирание ethnos, общество само, или sapiens Homo могут произойти. Много выдающих philosophers древности и присытствыющего времени изыскивали достигнуть сработанности людских существенных усилий.
В историческом прошлом, отношение между людьми и природа были обусловлены в большой объем ритмом процессов. Принципиальная схема вообще рецидивирования естественных и социальные явления, также, как цикловое развитие ethnicities, общин, и людей с стародедовских времен. Просвещенные люд-священники, высокие священники, и осуществлянное велемудрое ему. Oswald Spengler, Арнольд Toynbee, Gumilyov, и другие известные мыслители узнали корреляцию природы и социальные явления. Существенными усилиями гуманности, ethnos, и общины будут также cyclic внутри, котор природ-они умирают прочь, только для того чтобы преобразовать и вырасти сильне в их новом upsurge.
В стародедовских греческих философски школах, such as то из Plato и Pythagoras, молодость главным образом была научена как достигнуть сработанности между телом и душой, как наблюдать природой, и как понять свои усилия и ритм секрета. Это общее соображение все еще напрактиковано в буддийских школах и скитах сегодня, that is, не как завоевание природы но поистине воспринятие природы для того чтобы достигнуть гармоничного сосуществования.
Христианство имеет после того как оно научено нас что вставка божественное идеально вклюает этику ответственности. Люди будут поистине вероисповедные и духовные существования только когда они сопротивляют желанию повредить living тварям или природе и когда они представляют к внутреннему стимулу для того чтобы создать хорошее и полюбить жизнь. Этика Кристиан, по мере того как Альберт Schweitzer поспорило, начинает с этим «reverence к жизни. »
Thales от Milet (около 625 или от 640 до 547 или 545 B.C.), стародедовского греческого philosopher, праотца античной философии, и основателя школы Milet, одной из первых философски школ, связало все разнообразие дел с одной первоначально элемент-водой. Он учитывал воду primal делом. Намочите, он научил, будет источником и началом всего. В то же самое время, вода и все которая спустили от его не не неживы а живы. Согласно Thales, природа, и в реальном маштабе времени и неживая, имеет первоначально управляющую силу, namely душа и бог.
Lao Tzi (Li Er) (принесено в 604 B.C.), большой китайский мыслитель и основатель Taoism имело подобные преподавательства. Главным образом придумкой Taoism будет Tao, которое metaphorically соединено для того чтобы намочить (подверженность и резильянс). Lao сказанное Tzi: «Более высокое хорошее подобно для того чтобы намочить. Намочите enlivens все living твари и никогда состязания с ими. Все не исполняет с Tao (presumably, сработанностью) умирает преждевременно. «Taoism будет общим соображением или курсом к сработанности. Пока одно не могло достигнуть совершенно сработанности, курс к ему будет righteous и поистине курсы развития. Согласно Lao Tzi, люди не должны помешать с дорогой природы развития.
Pythagoras Samos (circa 570-500 B.C.), стародедовского греческого philosopher, также обнятых подобных преподавательств. Pythagoreans refer to мир как космос, подразумевая свои сработанность и завершенность (греческое cosme слова намеревается «красотка»). Завершенность космоса основана на некоторыми численными корреляциями будут основа движения heavenly тел. Ими будет также основа музыкальной сработанности и может даже быть найдена в пропорциях человеческого тела. Pythagoras было первым для того чтобы вызвать discourse на animate общем соображении жизни или влюбленности премудрости.
Heraclites Ephes (около 544-438 B.C.), другого стародедовского греческого philosopher, расширило некоторые из этих идей. Он начал принципиальную схему perpetual потока и образования и научил нам что «все находится в положении потока,» и «нельзя шагать в такое же реку дважды». Согласно Heraclites, гуманностью будет часть природы. Природа (космос) perpetually жить, пульсируя пламя (энергия?) не было создано любым. Оно вечно и бессмертно («предсказывайте»). Мы должны соответствовать к природе и сво «одушевьте» душ-вековечные пожар-Логосы.
Интересно как Heraclites видит «barbarity людской души» в своем специфически corporeal положении. Он объясняет что хотя душа возникает от влаги, она клонит высушить вверх. Разница между «намочила» и «сухая» душа обусловливает разницу между дурачком и ухищренной персоной. Душа велемудрого человека самыми сухими и самыми лучшими. Согласно Heraclites, в положение utmost засохлости душа излучает свет.
Socrates (около 469-399 B.C.), другой стародедовский греческий philosopher, было одним из основателей диалектик как метод поиска для правды. Он сосчитал собственн-осуществление как дорога достигнуть сработанностью, которая была цель общего соображения.
Democritus (circa 470-360 B.C.), стародедовский греческий philosopher, рассматривало достижение самого высокого уровня well-being, или сработанности, по возможности путем ограничивать one 's желания и путем принятие вмеру lifestyle.
Аристотель (384-322 B.C.), стародедовский греческий philosopher и всеобщий мыслитель, понятые essentials много новых наук, namely физики, биологии, психологии, логики, и этики. Он учитывал бога самым высоким примером естественного rather than социального заказа. Корни европейской цивилизации удлиняют back to стародедовская Греция, где непрерывная, унифицированная культура процветала. Стародедовские греки имели определенно монолитно и ясное зрение мира, как сделали востоковедные общие соображения in general, включая Hinduism и будизм.
Научный виток обычно связан с именами Коперника, Galileo, и ньютона. Научный метод было начато и мы задолжаем нашему present-day научно-технический прогрессу к ему. Но оно разрушило wholeness и герметичность мира. Мы отчудили от природы. Disharmony превалировало в развитие цивилизации. Мы теперь смотрим на свои последствия и снова пытаемся найти дорогу back to сработанность, но мы клоним забыть что гуманность уже проходила эту дорогу. Сверх того, эти курсы были траверсированы по-разному in various countries мира. Были всегда страны могли поддерживать традиции гармоничного coexistence с природой, динамическим равновесием между духовными и материальными усилиями и между людьми и обществом на тысячелетия.
Путешествие Whither зеленое
Utopias к прошлому или зрениям будущего?
Arnab Roy Chowdhury
(лебедями - 19-ое ноября 2007) Utopia буквальн «nowhere приземляется,» идеально общество в другом месте где вольность, равность, и правосудие превалируют. Земля за эксплуатированием, войной, скудостью, и утеснением. Utopias вообще весьма критически о текущем моменте общества (Frankland, Барри, 2002). Общие соображения Utopic возвратны в процессе истории идей; они resurfaced time and again в мириад форм, в по-разному временах. Мы имеем «марксистский utopia» как glaring пример, который имеет pervasive влияние в людской истории. Подобно мы имеем зеленые utopias, который будет темой обсуждения этой бумаги.
«Зеленое Utopias» или «Eco-topias» будут модельными обществами где человек и природа существуют в совершенных сработанности и interdependency. Philosopher eco-topist верит что было условие «идеально-типа» в прошлом где фактическ это условие совершенной сработанности превалировало, том как только они были «эпирической реальностью» (Geus, 1999). Держащ идеально модели этих обществ неповрежденн в их разуме, «зеленые радикалы,» в подобном способе как «марксистские радикалы,» хотят к обществу создавать где immaculate условия превалируют.
Экологическая политика разрывала вне в место в последних 1960s, период когда анархизм был возрожден как главное политическое мировоззрение. Disenchanted поколение 1960s с капиталистом и идеями марксиста из-за debacles этих мировоззрений найти правильное разрешение для людских нищеты и эксплуатирования, и правильным направлением для людских счастья и раскрепощения. С большим экономическим застоем 1929 последованного за бедствиями Второй войны и утеснения авторитарными марксистскими режимами, это поколение потеряло все, они хотели пойти назад в nostalgic за, они хотели жить из «ускорять ход побежки истории,» они мечтали о их селе их природа и их идилличная жизнь которой они раз наслаждались, и они восприняли что evilness людского greed для богатства и силы разрушало природу и их жизнь. Это будет предпосылка от мысль зеленого цвета политическая вытекала.
Зеленой политикой вообще имеет 2 подхода, одного будет больше или более менее антропоцентрическое, отмелое, более менее радикальное environmentalism; другое будет глубокое, biocentric, радикальное ecologism. Они, котор оба имеют их собственные utopias, меньше радикалы верят в эгалитарном обществе в сработанности с природой, где природа определенно имеет утилитарное существование; тогда как более радикальные proto-зеленые цвета верят давать равные права укомплектоватьть личным составом и другую non-human биоту, где природа имеет свое собственное non-утилитарное внутреннеприсущее значение. Форма зелеными движениями превращалась в америке, Австралии, и Скандинавии, которые будут в действительности начатые капиталистические страны, больше или более менее зависит на proto-зеленом радикальном общем соображении; тогда как относящие к окружающей среде движения стран третия мир, главным образом плохих и сырьевая страна, зависят на отмелых экологических принципах относящого к окружающей среде правосудия, где паритетность в распределении ресурсов окружающей среды важна, которое идет hand in hand с debate на sustainable развитии (Guha, 1997, 2000, 2006).
И радикальная и отмелая eco-политическая мысль выводит много из своей воодушевленности от 3 линий общих соображений: Анархизм, Romanticism, и Глубокое-Ecologism, который в действительности подобно в много дорог. Я обсужу их one by one.
Анархизмом будет главным образом французское общее соображение начатое Proudhon и Bakunin, и более поздно Питер Kroptokin. Murray Bookchin приняло идею Kroptokin, дало ему экологическую закрутку, и начало школу «социальной экологичности.» Много из относящой к окружающей среде политической мысли приходит от eco-анархистов. Слово anarchy выводит от греческого слова «без правила,» но без правила не cognate с «без правил,» поэтому было бы неправильно приравнивать «anarchy» с «беспорядком.» Совершенное anarchy будет условием совершенной политической равности. Анархисты главным образом сопротивляются положение и своя коэрцитивная природа; они верят что stateless общество и по возможности и предпочтительно чем положени-преобладанное одно. Теперь stateless общество можно very well вызвать утопическим обществом, но очень верованием что как только они существовало одалживает утопический ярлык эпирическое зачаливание (свет, 2002).
Romanticism было литературоведческим и философски движением заправленным топливом работой Rousseau в Франции, Goethe в Германии, и поетов Coleridge и Wordsworth в Британии. Creativity значения Romanticists и вольность индивидуального опыта и подлинная забота для природы unspoilt и сельской традиции. Движение процветало в западном Europe и америке от 1750s к 1870s. Свой индивидуализм вместе с melancholic благодарностью исчезая природы сделал радикал Romanticism политически, и его можно увидеть как proto-зелено в соединять эти темы (Stephens, 2002).
Подобно, «глубокое движение экологичности» можно трассировать от статьи написанной норвежским philosopher и относящим к окружающей среде актуарием Arne Naess в 1973, после того как я озаглавлено отмелое и глубокое движение экологичности (длиннего ряда): Сводка. Naess излучает «отмелый экологический» подход in favour of последнее и пишет что «глубокая экологичность» связана с сбросом (a) изображения человек-в-окружающей среды, in favour of реляционное полное изображение поля; (b) biospherical egalitarianism в принципе; (c) Принцип разнообразности и драки posture Anti-Типа симбиоза (d) (e) против местной автономии усложнения сложности расхода загрязнения и ресурса (f) не (g) и децентрализации (Барри, 2002). Все эти общие соображения имеют напряжения «deepness» и «shallowness» в их, они отличают в их radicalism и они имеют по-разному зрения Utopia.
Теперь, не будет проблемы с Utopias как такое, в каждом обществе и каждой культуре она существует в по-разному формах, но миопические картины будущего часто создают проблему вую дороге достигающ их. Отмелые ecologists были обвинены политического naiveté populism и возрождения right-wing anti-светских усилий в Индии; из-за их немедленно материальной заботы они часто формировали дискомфортные союзничества с общинными усилиями, они часто охотнорядчески по сути не имея никакое определенное политическое мировоззрение or even другие зрения будущего и таким образом их движения будут концом в и себе. Критики говорят что их совершенное изображение oppressionless общества в действительности никогда не существовало в истории людской цивилизации, и то почему они будет utopias (Prasad, 2003, 2004). Радикальные «Глубок-ecologists,» были обвинены anti-людских взглядов, они формулировали «платформу 8 пунктов,» в четвертом пункте of which они говорят, «процветать человеческая жизнь и культура совместима с существенным уменшением в людской населенности, пока процветать non-human жизни требует этого уменшения» (Барри, 2002); и в восьмом пункте они говорят, «те которые подписываются к вышеуказанному имеют обязательство снабдить обязательно изменения» (Барри, 2002), оно можно ясно постигнуть что будет uncanny прикосновенность весьма фашистского мировоззрения в этих tenets. Это намеревается что они могут пойти к любой длине «снабдить обязательно изменения» для уменьшения людской населенности и оно может вести к другому Nazi или марксистскому «holocaust» (Staudenmaier, 1995).
По мере того как я сказал не будет проблемы с utopia как такое -- Я восшхищаю сновидения дают причину и причину жить, тот нажим мы к достижению более лучших living услови условий, счастье, и свободу, но эти сновидения должны быть регулируемы. Когда причина сама или причина будут greater than и своя цель будет важне чем свои середины, после этого объективная цель пересиливает людской вопрос, первоначально для чей betterment цели сформулировала. Исторический учет относящой к окружающей среде потери должен дать нам сигнал оповещения что мы должны использовать нашу окружающую среду с prudence и не с profligacy (Guha, 2006); хорошо покуда история действует как учитель, но ни ESLI она действуют по мере того как право принимать окончательное решение ни оно должно быть использовано как претекст принимать реванш. Прошлым может некоторо быть моделью воодушевляет нас только лож ответа in the future, для которых мы workout полюбовно с нашими присытствыющими ресурсами.
Справки
Барри, Джон (2002) «глубокая экологичность» в Джон Барри и Encyclopaedia относящой к окружающей среде политики, лондон Джин Frankland (ed.) международный: США: Канада Routledge.
Geus, M.A. de (1999), экологическое Utopias: Envisioning Sustainable общество, международные книги, Ultrecht.
Guha, 1997) разнообразий Ramachandra (Environmentalism: Эсса север и южная (с Джоан Martinez-Alier), давление университета Oxford, Индия.
Guha, Ramachandra, (2000) Environmentalism: Глобальная история, давление университета Oxford, New Delhi.
Guha, Ramachandra (2006) How Much Should a Person Consume? Thinking Through the Environment, University of California, Berkeley Press; Permanent Black, India.
Light, Andrew (2002), "Murray Bookchin" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Prasad, Archana (2003) Against Ecological Romanticism: Verrier Elwin and the Making of an Anti-Modern Tribal Identity, Gurgaon, India Three Essays Collective.
Prasad, Archana (2004), Environmentalism and the Left, New Delhi Leftword Books
Staudenmaier, Peter (1995) "Fascist Ideology: The Green Wing of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents" in Peter Staudenmaier and Janet Biehl (ed) Ecofascism; Lessons from German Experience, Edinburgh, Scotland
Stephens, Piers H.G.(2002) "Romanticism" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Living as One with All
By
Todd F. Eklof
March 5, 2006
Master Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido, taught us that “All things , material and spiritual, originate from one source, and are related as if they were one family.”[1] This is not unlike what scientists are telling us today about the Universe, that all things originate from the, so called, Big Bang, and are, therefore, related. Indeed, even today, all beings are still so intimately related that we continue to share between us the very same atoms that were created in those first fiery moment 13.7 billion years ago. With each inhalation we take in almost a quadrillion of these atoms, that’s ten with 24 zero’s behind it, more than 1000 trillion. And with each exhalation we offer that same number of atoms back to the Universe. As Deepak Chopra explains, “we can show beyond a shadow of doubt that right this moment you have in your physical body at least a million atoms that were once in the body of Christ, or the Buddha, or Michelangelo, or Leonardo da Vinci, or Saddam Hussein, or Osama bin Laden, or George Bush. You have a million atoms right now that have been in the body of every single being that has existed since the dawn of creation. In just the last three weeks a quadrillion atoms have gone through your body and they have gone through the body of every other living species on this planet.”[2] Or, as theologian Matthew Fox simply says, “Creation brings us all together.”[3]
This is important information because it reminds us that we not only come from one source, but we remain connected to that source through our relation to each other, forever! As Thomas Aquinas understood, “each and every creature exists for the perfection of the entire universe.”[4] In other words, though each of us is individually imperfect, and incapable, therefore, of existing and continuing completely on our own, all things are created to work perfectly together. This means, furthermore, that the Universe would be incomplete without you! Without you, the entire universe would cease to exist! This isn’t to say that another universe, a universe without you might not spill into existence as a default, but the universe that now exists would be gone forever. Perhaps this is what William James understood when he suggested we can “see a world in a grain of sand, or heaven in a wildflower;”[5] Not that the entire Universe exists within each grain, or heaven within each flower, but that without that individual grain, or that individual flower, the entire Universe, as we know it, would be incomplete.
Surely this is what Master Ueshiba understood when he further advises us to “Return to that source, leaving behind all self-centered thoughts, petty desires, and anger. Those who are possessed by nothing possess everything.”[6] For it is only when we forget where we come from, and, subsequently, that all is related, part of one Universe, that our actions, through egocentrism, and the collective egocentrism we call “anthropocentrism,” that our actions become harmful to ourselves and to All Our Relations. “There is evil and disharmony in the world,” Ueshiba says, “because people have forgotten that all things emanate from one source.”[7] Or, as Black Elk explained, “Peace comes within the souls of [people] when they realize their relationship, their oneness with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the Universe dwells Wankan-Tanka [the Great Spirit], and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”[8]
For the sake of continuing our discussion, then, let us dare attempt to describe this Source, this Great Mother, from which all things originate. But in so doing, we must humbly understand what is meant when the Tao Te Ching explains, “the name that can be named is not the eternal Name,”[9] and when the Baghavad Gita tells us, “God has a million faces,” and the Rg Veda says, “The one being the wise call by many names.”[10] This is the reason the ancient Israelites, led through the wilderness by a nebulous cloud and an ever-changing ball of fire, considered it a sin to even speak the unspeakable name of God, and why the Jewish Kabbalah tells us, “Every definition of God leads to heresy.”[11] Even the word “God” itself if far too small and inadequate a lens through which to view this Source. As Erich Fromm understood, “The more I know what God is not, the more knowledge I have of God.” [12] Similarly, Meister Eckhart, who referred to God as Absolute Nothing, suggested we “cannot know what God is, even though [we] be ever so well aware of what God is not…”[13]
In Buddhism, therefore, this Source from which we come, and to which we must return, is simply called “Mu,” which means “Nothingness.” Before Creation is Mu, nothingness, chaos and confusion, and it is ultimately out of this dark void that the Universe is born. As cosmologist, Brian Swimme tells us, “Each of the sextillion particles that foamed into existence had its root in this quantum vacuum, this originating reality.”[14] Nevertheless, science now explains that at almost the first instant of Creation, certain laws came to exist that have governed the Universe ever since. Although there was a brief moment when the electrons, positrons, quarks, and neutrinos that were rapidly coming into being interacted freely and randomly, it didn’t take long, much less than a second, before the gravitational, electromagnetic and the two strong and weak nuclear interactions became the basic phenomenological laws governing reality. Again, as Swimme explains;
In this phase transition the fundamental architecture of the universe’s interactions was set for all time. ]It was not yet certain where the largest stars would appear, but the upper limits of their sizes and intensities were already fixed. It was not yet certain how many planets would come into existence, but an invisible ceiling for their highest mountains was already in place because the strengths of the interactions of the mountain’s constituents were now in place. It was not at all certain that bivalve mollusks would ever exist, but the possibility for shell sizes were now determined. It was certainly far from obvious whether or not there would ever exist anything like a mammal, but the fundamental range for how high they could leap or how powerfully they could clamp their jaws was now set into the sinews of the universe.[15]
Perhaps even more important than our existential dependence on the fundamental interactions established during the first instance of the Cosmic birth is the fact that other laws, that could easily have been, were not established. “Had it settled on a slightly different strong interaction,” Swimme continues, “all the future stars would have exploded in a brief time, making an unfurling of life impossible. Had the universe established a slightly different gravitational interaction, none of the future galaxies would have taken shape.”[16] The establishment of these fundamental laws, or, if you will, habits, out of Mu, nothingness, chaos, are the very principles that have given shape to the Universe ever since, and have allowed the myriad of things, ourselves included, to be.
In brief, then, chaos gave birth to order, and it is that particular order that has sustained us, and the entire Universe ever since. So, perhaps, the best name we can give this Source, besides Mu, Nothingness, Chaos, is Harmony. Again, although, by themselves all things and all beings are imperfect, all of us have evolved together to work perfectly together. Another way to put it is that the Universe is simply relationship. If we don’t connect with each other through right relations there is, as Ueshiba said, “evil and disorder in the world.” In his profound book, The Natural Way of Farming, Masanobu Fukuoka suggests we can really consider all the laws of the Universe as one law, which he calls, “The Law of Harmony.”[17]As he understands it, all things return to it this law until they are eventually reabsorbed into Mu, Nothingness, Chaos. “All things fuse into a circle,” he says, “which reverts to a point, and the point to nothing.”[18]
So it truly is important as we live our lives that we return, as much as possible, to our origins by living according the first law, the Law of Harmony. “Harmony,” says Master Ueshiba, “originates with the flow of all things—its heart is like the movement of the wind and waves. The Way is like the veins that circulate blood through our bodies, following the natural flow of the life force. If you are separated in the slightest from that divine essence, you are far off the path.”[19]
In the Creation story of the Huichol Indians of Northern Mexico, all of us once lived in the realm of the divine, but forgot our origins when we were born into this world through a long tunnel. Each day, Tatewari, the Highest God, the Sun, visits us in this world to remind us of our fiery origins, then moves across the sky, returning to darkness to further remind us of our true home. For the Huichol, then, the spiritual journey involves our attempt to remember our true history and origins. Carl Jung also found this motif of a return to the womb, or to a Mother image of some sort, among other peoples as well. “The meaning of this cycle of myths is clear enough,” he said, “it is the longing to attain rebirth through a return to the womb, and to become immortal like the sun.”[20]
What the Huichols refer to as our original descent into this world through a tunnel from a forgotten divine realm, transpersonal theorist, Ken Wilber simply calls, involution (as opposed to evolution). “The whole ‘downward’ movement, whereby Spirit playfully loses and forgets itself in successively lower levels,” he writes, “is called involution.”[21]He further defines involution as 1) the successive “moving away” from Godhead, 2) the successive lessening of consciousness, 3) a successive forgetting or amnesis, 4) a successive stepping down of Spirit, 4) a successive increasing of alienation, separation, dismemberment, and fragmentation, and, 6) a successive objectification, projection, and dualism.
As we spiral further down each level of involution, we forget all that came before, rendering us, as Wilber says, “unconscious.”[22] Fortunately, once this process us complete, and we have fully forgotten our origins, true evolution can occur, described by Wilber as, “the unfolding of the higher from the lower.”[23] “Where involution proceeded by successive separations and dismemberments,” he says, “evolution, as the reverse, proceeds by successive remembering or anamnesis (Plato’s ‘recollection’ or ‘remembrance,’ Sufi zikr, Hindu smara, Buddha’s ‘recollection,’ etc.). Further, anamnesis and holism are actually the same thing: to remember is really to re-member, or join again in higher unity.”[24]
Unlike the Darwinian idea, then, of evolution as merely “natural selection,” Wilber’s idea is that true evolution occurs the more we remember our connection to All That Is, the more holistically we come to see the Universe and our role in it, the more we climb upward, returning to the Godhead, to our true origins. This means, then, the more we move toward the Law of Harmony, towards all things working together as one, the higher our level of existence becomes, even though this Law of Harmony may be called by different names. Among the solar systems we call it gravity or attraction. Among people it is called equality. In economics it’s called justice. In the environment it’s called sustainability. Science calls it homeostasis. Artists called it balance. Art lovers call it beauty. Philosophers call it truth, and moralists call it good. As Ueshiba says, “The Way of Harmony is a celebration of the bonding of heaven, earth, and humankind. It is all that is true, good, and beautiful.”[25] Whatever we may call it, the Law of Harmony is the first law of creation, the law within each of the trillions of billions of atoms we share together in each eternal moment, with each eternal breath.
Het handvest van Internationale Harmonie
Automatically translated into Dutch thanks to WorldLingo
In de loop van de millennia hebben veel van onze soorten gevochten en voor harmonie gestorven. Chirst, Boedha, Abraham, Mary, Joan van Bak, Mozes, Gandhi, Lincoln, Luther, Moeder Teresa, Martin Luther King, Kennedys, Trudeau.
Wat zij misschien voor hebben bestreden, wat zij bestreden voor het Recht op Harmonie, Hun recht was in een harmonische wereld te leven. zo eenstemmig met hun grote werken kan wij dan allen en deze in
een „Handvest van Harmonie“ als beleid of geen doctrine maar als lessen en truths petitioneren die van deze grote fontein van liefde het gevolg zijn. Een liefde en een Handvest van en voor Internationale harmonie.
Niet zeker van de auteur hier maar een aardig segment van een groter stuk
geniet
van E-D
4. Op zoek naar Harmonie van Essentiële Krachten
bestaan de ESSENTIËLE KRACHTEN van mensen, ethnos, en de maatschappij uit fysieke, geestelijke, natuurlijke, intellectuele, en technologische krachten. De harmonie en het saldo van essentiële krachten verzekeren stabiliteit binnen de maatschappij, volledigheid van het leven, en historische, fysiologische, en sociale levensduur. Indien één van deze constituenten uitgeput wordt, vooral geestelijke of natuurlijke kan, disharmony, de degeneratie, of zelfs het volledige uitsterven van ethnos, de maatschappij, of Homo sapiens zelf voorkomen. Vele eminente filosofen van antiquiteit en de huidige tijd hebben harmonie van menselijke essentiële krachten willen bereiken.
In het historische verleden, werden het verband tussen mensen en de aard bepaald grotendeels door het ritme van processen. Het concept algemene herhaling van natuurlijke en sociale fenomenen, evenals de cyclische evolutie van de behoren tot een bepaald ras, gemeenschappen, en volkeren zijn erkend sinds oude tijden. Geïnformeerdev mensen-priesters, hoge priesters, en wijs gerealiseerd het. Oswald Spengler, Arnold Toynbee, Gumilyov, en andere beroemde denkers erkende de correlatie van aard en sociale fenomenen. De essentiële krachten van het mensdom, ethnos, en gemeenschap zijn ook cyclisch in aard-zij weg, slechts sterven om te zetten om en sterker in hun nieuwe toename te groeien.
In oude Griekse filosofische scholen, zoals die van Plato en Pythagoras, werd de jeugd hoofdzakelijk onderwezen hoe te om harmonie tussen lichaam en ziel te bereiken hoe te om aard waar te nemen, en hoe te om zijn geheim krachten en ritme te begrijpen. Deze filosofie wordt nog vandaag uitgeoefend in Boeddhistische scholen en kloosters, namelijk niet als verovering van aard maar ware waarneming van aard om harmonische coëxistentie te bereiken.
Het christendom heeft ons onderwezen dat de implementatie van goddelijke ideal de ethiek van verantwoordelijkheid omvat. De mensen zijn echt godsdienstige en geestelijke wezens slechts wanneer zij zich tegen de wens verzetten om levende schepselen of aard te berokkenen en wanneer zij aan een binnenaansporing voorleggen om goed tot stand te brengen en van het leven te houden. De christelijke ethiek, als Albert Schweitzer debatteerde, begin met dit „reverence naar het leven. “
Thales van Milet (ongeveer 625 of 640 - 547 of 545 V.CHR.), een oude Griekse filosoof, voorvader van oude filosofie, en stichter van de Milet school, één van de eerste filosofische scholen, associ�ërde al verscheidenheid van kwesties met één aanvankelijk element-water. Hij beschouwde als water een oorspronkelijke kwestie. Het water, onderwees hij, is de bron en de oorsprong van alles. Tezelfdertijd zijn het water en alles dat van het daalden niet levenloos maar in leven. Volgens Thales, levend als levenloze aard, zowel heeft een eerste drijfkracht, namelijk de ziel en de god.
Lao Tzi (geboren Li ER) (in 604 V.CHR.), de grote Chinese denker en een stichter van Taoism hadden het gelijkaardige onderwijs. Het belangrijkste begrip van Taoism is Tao, die metaphorically verbonden met water (gevoeligheid en veerkracht) is. Lao Tzi zei: Het „hogere goed is gelijkaardig aan water. Het water doet opleven alle levende schepselen en nooit wedstrijden met hen. Alles die niet aan Tao (vermoedelijk, harmonie) voldoet sterft te vroeg. „Taoism is de filosofie of de weg naar harmonie. Terwijl men absolute harmonie zou kunnen niet bereiken, zal de weg naar het en een ware weg van ontwikkeling righteous zijn. Volgens Lao Tzi, zouden de mensen zich niet in de manier van de aard van ontwikkeling moeten mengen.
Pythagoras van Samos (circa 570-500 V.CHR.), de oude Griekse filosoof, omhelste ook het gelijkaardige onderwijs. De volgelingen van Pythagoras verwezen naar de wereld als kosmos, die zijn harmonie en perfectie impliceert (de Griekse woord cosme middelen „schoonheid“). De perfectie van de kosmos is gebaseerd op bepaalde numerieke correlaties die de basis van de motie van hemelse organismen zijn. Zij zijn ook de basis van muzikale harmonie en kunnen zelfs in de aandelen van het menselijke lichaam worden gevonden. Pythagoras was de eerste om de verhandeling op levende het levensfilosofie of liefde van wijsheid te roepen.
Heraclites van Ephes (ongeveer 544-438 V.CHR.), een andere oude Griekse filosoof, breidde sommige van deze ideeën uit. Hij ontwikkelde het concept eeuwige stroom en vorming en onderwees ons dat „alles in een staat van stroom is,“ en „men kan niet in de zelfde rivier stappen tweemaal“. Volgens Heraclites, maakt het mensdom deel uit van aard. De aard (kosmos) is perpetually het leven, pulserende vlam (energie?) welke niet door iedereen werd gecre�ërd. Het is eeuwig en onsterfelijk („goddelijk“). Wij zouden met aard en zijn „levende“ ziel-eeuwige brand-emblemen moeten in overeenstemming zijn.
Het is interessant hoe Heraclites „barbarity van de menselijke ziel“ in zijn specifieke materiële staat ziet. Hij verklaart dat hoewel de ziel uit vochtigheid voortkomt, het neigt op te drogen. Het verschil tussen een „natte“ en „droge“ ziel bepaalt het verschil tussen een dwaas en een knappe persoon. De ziel van een wijze mens is droogst en het beste. Volgens Heraclites, in de staat van uiterste droogte straalt een ziel licht uit.
Socrates (ongeveer 469-399 V.CHR.), een andere oude Griekse filosoof, was één van de stichters van dialectiek als methode van het onderzoek naar waarheid. Hij beschouwde zelf-totstandbrenging als manier om harmonie te bereiken, die het doel van filosofie was.
Democritus (circa 470-360 V.CHR.), de oude Griekse filosoof, overwoog de voltooiing van het hoogste niveau van welzijn, of harmonie, mogelijk door zijn wensen te beperken en door een gematigde levensstijl goed te keuren.
Aristoteles (384-322 V.CHR.), de oude Griekse filosoof en de universele denker, vatten van de hoofdzaak van vele nieuwe wetenschappen op, namelijk fysica, biologie, psychologie, logica, en ethiek. Hij beschouwde als god de hoogste instantie van natuurlijke eerder dan sociale orde. De wortels van Europese beschaving breiden zich terug naar oud Griekenland uit, waar een ononderbroken, verenigde cultuur bloeide. De oude Grieken hadden een duidelijk integrale en duidelijke visie van de wereld, zoals de Oosterse filosofieën in het algemeen, met inbegrip van Hinduism en Boeddhisme.
De wetenschappelijke revolutie wordt gewoonlijk geassoci�ërd met de namen van Copernicus, Galileo, en Newton. De wetenschappelijke methode werd ontwikkeld en wij zijn onze huidige wetenschappelijke en technische vooruitgang aan het verschuldigd. Maar toch vernietigde het de volledigheid en de integriteit van de wereld. Wij vervreemdden ons van aard. Disharmony heerste in de ontwikkeling van beschaving. Wij zien nu zijn gevolgen onder ogen en proberen opnieuw om een manier terug naar harmonie te vinden, maar wij neigen om te vergeten dat het mensdom reeds deze manier heeft overgegaan. Voorts waren deze wegen overgestoken verschillend in verscheidene landen van de wereld. Er waren altijd landen die de tradities konden handhaven van harmonische coëxistentie met aard, dynamisch evenwicht tussen geestelijke en materiële krachten en tussen volkeren en de maatschappij voor millennia.
Waarheen ook Groene Reis
Utopias aan het Verleden of de Visies van Toekomst?
door Arnab Roy Chowdhury
(Swans - November 19, 2007) Utopie is letterlijk „nergens landt,“ de ideale maatschappij in een andere plaats waar de vrijheid, de gelijkheid, en de rechtvaardigheid heersen. Een land voorbij benutting, oorlog, armoede, en onderdrukking. Utopias is over het algemeen uiterst kritiek over de huidige situatie van de maatschappij (Frankland, Barry, 2002). De filosofieën van Utopic zijn terugkomend in de loop van geschiedenis van ideeën; zij zijn telkens weer in horde vormen, in verschillende leeftijden weer opgedoken. Wij hebben „Marxistische utopie“ als het het schitteren voorbeeld, dat de meest doordringende invloed in menselijke geschiedenis heeft. Zo ook hebben wij groene utopias, wat het onderwerp van bespreking van dit document is.
„Groene Utopias“ of „eco-Topias“ is de modelmaatschappijen waar mens en de aard in perfecte harmonie en onderlinge afhankelijkheid bestaan. De eco-topistfilosoof gelooft dat er een „ideaal-type“ voorwaarde in het verleden waar eigenlijk deze voorwaarde van perfecte harmonie heerste was, is dat zodra zij „empirische werkelijkheid“ (Geus, 1999) waren. Houdend ideale modellen van deze maatschappijen intact in hun mening, leiden de „Groene basissen,“ op een gelijkaardige manier aangezien de „Marxistische basissen,“ aan willen tot de maatschappij waar immaculate voorwaarden zullen heersen.
De ecologische politiek barstte uit in de scène in recente jaren '60, een periode toen het anarchisme als belangrijke politieke ideologie werd doen herleven. De generatie van jaren '60 was disenchanted met kapitalistische en Marxistische ideeën wegens debacles van deze ideologieën om een juiste oplossing voor menselijke ellende en benutting te vinden, en een juiste richting voor menselijk geluk en emancipatie. Met de grote economische depressie van 1929 die door de rampen van de Tweede Oorlog van de Wereld en de onderdrukking door autoritaire Marxistische regimes wordt gevolgd, had deze generatie alles verloren, wilden zij in het nostalgische verleden teruggaan, wilden zij uit het „versnelde tempo van geschiedenis leven,“ zij droomden over hun dorp hun aard en hun idyllisch leven dievan zij eens genoten, en zij namen waar dat evilness van menselijke hebzucht voor rijkdom en macht de aard en hun leven heeft vernietigd. Dit is de achtergrond waaruit de groene politieke gedachte te voorschijn is gekomen.
De groene politiek heeft in het algemeen twee benaderingen, is één min of meer antropocentrische, ondiepe, minder radicale environmentalism; andere is diepe, biocentric, radicale ecologism. Zij allebei hebben hun eigen utopias, geloven de minder basissen in de gelijkheidsmaatschappij in harmonie met aard, waar de aard absoluut een utilitair bestaan heeft; terwijl het radicalere proto-greens het geven van gelijke rechten op de mens en andere non-human biota geloven, waar de aard zijn eigen nietutilitaire intrinsieke waarde heeft. De vorm van Groene bewegingen die zich in Amerika, Australië heeft ontwikkeld, en Scandinavië, dat in feite ontwikkelde kapitalistische landen is, hangt min of meer van de proto-groene radicale filosofie af; terwijl de milieubewegingen van de Landen van de Derde Wereld, meestal arme en onderontwikkelde landen, van de ondiepe ecologische principes van milieurechtvaardigheid afhangen, waar de pariteit in distributie van de milieumiddelen belangrijk is, wat met het debat bij de duurzame ontwikkeling samengaat (Guha, 1997, 2000, 2006).
Zowel leidt de radicale als ondiepe eco-politieke gedachte veel van zijn inspiratie uit drie lijnen van filosofieën af: Anarchisme, Romanticism, en diep-Ecologism, dat in feite gelijkaardig in menig opzicht zijn. Ik zal hen één voor één bespreken.
Het anarchisme is hoofdzakelijk een Franse filosofie die door Proudhon en Bakunin, en later door Peter Kroptokin wordt ontwikkeld. Murray Bookchin nam het idee van Kroptokin, gaf het een ecologische draai, en ontwikkelde de school van „Sociale Ecologie.“ Veel van de milieu politieke gedachte komt uit de eco-anarchisten. Woordanarchy komt uit het Griekse woord „zonder regel voort,“ maar zonder regel is niet cognate met „zonder regels,“ zodat zou het verkeerd zijn om „anarchy“ met „chaos te vergelijken.“ Perfecte anarchy is een voorwaarde van perfecte politieke gelijkheid. De anarchisten verzetten zich hoofdzakelijk de staat en zijn dwangaard; zij geloven dat de statenloze maatschappij zowel mogelijk als verkieslijk dan staat-overheerste is. Nu kan de statenloze maatschappij zeer goed de utopian maatschappij, maar de eigenlijke overtuiging dat worden genoemd zodra zij bestonden het utopian etiket een empirische meertros (Light, 2002) leent.
Romanticism was een literaire en filosofische beweging die door het werk van Rousseau in Frankrijk, Goethe in Duitsland, en de dichters Coleridge en Wordsworth in Groot-Brittannië van brandstof wordt voorzien. De Romanticists waardecreativiteit en de vrijheid van individuele ervaring en een authentieke zorg voor onbeschadigde aard en landelijke traditie. De beweging bloeide in Westelijk Europa en Amerika van 1750s aan de jaren 1870. Zijn Individualisme samen met een melancholic appreciatie van verdwijnende aard maakte Romanticism politiek radicaal, en het kan als proto-green worden gezien in het met elkaar verbinden van deze thema's (Stephens, 2002).
Op dezelfde manier de „Diepe Beweging van de Ecologie“ kan van een artikel worden gevonden dat door Noorse filosoof en milieuactivist Arne Naess in 1973 wordt geschreven, getiteld de Ondiepe en Beweging Diepe van de Ecologie (lange Waaier): Een samenvatting. Naess verwerpt de „Ondiepe Ecologische“ benadering ten gunste van de laatstgenoemden en schrijft dat de „Diepe Ecologie“ met (a) verwerping van mens-in-milieu beeld, ten gunste van relationeel totaal gebiedsbeeld betrokken is; (b) biospherical egalitarianism in principe; (c) principe van Diversiteit en van de houdings(e) Bestrijding van de anti-Klasse van de Symbiose (d) van verontreiniging en van de middeluitputting (f) de de complicatie(G) Lokale Autonomie en Decentralisatie van de Ingewikkeldheid niet (Barry, 2002). Al deze filosofieën hebben spanningen van „deepness“ en „shallowness“ in hen, verschillen zij in hun radicalisme en zij hebben verschillende visies van Utopie.
Nu, is er geen probleem met Utopias als dusdanig, in elke maatschappij en elke cultuur het in verschillende vormen bestaat, maar de bijziende visies van de toekomst leiden vaak tot probleem onderweg bereikend hen. De ondiepe ecologisten zijn beschuldigd van politieke naiveté van populisme en heropleving van rechtse anti-seculaire krachten in India; wegens hun directe materiële zorg zij vaak ongemakkelijke allianties met communale krachten hebben gevormd, zijn zij vaak reactionair in aard die geen bepaalde politieke ideologie heeft of zelfs worden de alternatieve visies van toekomst en zo hun bewegingen een eind op en door zichzelf. De critici zeggen dat hun perfect beeld van de oppressionless maatschappij in feite nooit in de geschiedenis van menselijke beschaving bestond, en dat is waarom zij utopias (Prasad, 2003, 2004) zijn. De radicale „diep-Ecologisten, zijn“ beschuldigd van anti-menselijke meningen, hebben zij een „acht puntplatform,“ in het vierde punt waarvan zij zeggen, „het bloeien van het menselijke leven geformuleerd en de cultuur is compatibel met een wezenlijke daling van de menselijke bevolking, terwijl het bloeien van non-human leven deze daling“ (Barry, 2002) vereist; en in het achtste punt hebben gezegd dat zij, „zij die intekenen aan bovengenoemd hebben een verplichting om de noodzakelijke veranderingen“ uit te voeren (Barry, 2002), men kan duidelijk begrijpen dat er is een geheimzinnige implicatie van extreme fascistische ideologie in deze principes. Dit betekent dat zij naar om het even welke lengte kunnen gaan „de noodzakelijke veranderingen“ uitvoeren om de menselijke bevolking te verminderen en het kan tot een andere Nazi of een Marxistische „holocaust“ leiden (Staudenmaier, 1995).
Zoals ik zei is er geen probleem met utopie als dusdanig -- Ik bewonder dromen die oorzaak en reden geven te leven, die duwen ons naar voltooiing van betere levensomstandigheden, geluk, en vrijheid, maar deze dromen zouden regelbaar moeten zijn. Wanneer een oorzaak of een reden groter worden dan zelf en zijn doel belangrijker wordt dan zijn middelen, dan overweldigt het objectieve doel het menselijke onderwerp, aanvankelijk voor wiens verbetering het doel werd geformuleerd. De historische rekeningen van milieuverlies zouden ons een waarschuwingssignaal moeten geven dat wij ons milieu met voorzichtigheid en niet met profligacy (Guha, 2006) zouden moeten gebruiken; het zou is goed zolang de geschiedenis als leraar dienst doet, maar noch het als bevelhebbend moeten handelen gezag noch zou het als voorwendsel moeten worden gebruikt van het nemen van wraak. Het verleden kan zeker een model zijn dat ons inspireert maar het antwoord ligt in de toekomst, waarvoor wij workout vriendschappelijk met onze huidige middelen moeten.
Verwijzingen
Barry, John (2002) „Diepe Ecologie“ in John Barry en de Internationale Encyclopedie van het Gen van Frankland (E-D.) van MilieuPolitiek, Londen: De V.S.: Canada Routledge.
Geus, M.A. DE (1999), Ecologische Utopias: Het voorzien van de Duurzame Maatschappij, Internationale Boeken, Ultrecht.
Guha, (1997) Verscheidenheden Ramachandra van Environmentalism: Het Noorden en het Zuiden van pogingen (met Joan Martinez-Alier), de Universitaire Pers van Oxford, India.
Guha, Ramachandra, (2000) Environmentalism: Een globale geschiedenis, de Universitaire Pers van Oxford, New Delhi.
Guha, Ramachandra (2006) How Much Should a Person Consume? Thinking Through the Environment, University of California, Berkeley Press; Permanent Black, India.
Light, Andrew (2002), "Murray Bookchin" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Prasad, Archana (2003) Against Ecological Romanticism: Verrier Elwin and the Making of an Anti-Modern Tribal Identity, Gurgaon, India Three Essays Collective.
Prasad, Archana (2004), Environmentalism and the Left, New Delhi Leftword Books
Staudenmaier, Peter (1995) "Fascist Ideology: The Green Wing of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents" in Peter Staudenmaier and Janet Biehl (ed) Ecofascism; Lessons from German Experience, Edinburgh, Scotland
Stephens, Piers H.G.(2002) "Romanticism" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Living as One with All
By
Todd F. Eklof
March 5, 2006
Master Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido, taught us that “All things , material and spiritual, originate from one source, and are related as if they were one family.”[1] This is not unlike what scientists are telling us today about the Universe, that all things originate from the, so called, Big Bang, and are, therefore, related. Indeed, even today, all beings are still so intimately related that we continue to share between us the very same atoms that were created in those first fiery moment 13.7 billion years ago. With each inhalation we take in almost a quadrillion of these atoms, that’s ten with 24 zero’s behind it, more than 1000 trillion. And with each exhalation we offer that same number of atoms back to the Universe. As Deepak Chopra explains, “we can show beyond a shadow of doubt that right this moment you have in your physical body at least a million atoms that were once in the body of Christ, or the Buddha, or Michelangelo, or Leonardo da Vinci, or Saddam Hussein, or Osama bin Laden, or George Bush. You have a million atoms right now that have been in the body of every single being that has existed since the dawn of creation. In just the last three weeks a quadrillion atoms have gone through your body and they have gone through the body of every other living species on this planet.”[2] Or, as theologian Matthew Fox simply says, “Creation brings us all together.”[3]
This is important information because it reminds us that we not only come from one source, but we remain connected to that source through our relation to each other, forever! As Thomas Aquinas understood, “each and every creature exists for the perfection of the entire universe.”[4] In other words, though each of us is individually imperfect, and incapable, therefore, of existing and continuing completely on our own, all things are created to work perfectly together. This means, furthermore, that the Universe would be incomplete without you! Without you, the entire universe would cease to exist! This isn’t to say that another universe, a universe without you might not spill into existence as a default, but the universe that now exists would be gone forever. Perhaps this is what William James understood when he suggested we can “see a world in a grain of sand, or heaven in a wildflower;”[5] Not that the entire Universe exists within each grain, or heaven within each flower, but that without that individual grain, or that individual flower, the entire Universe, as we know it, would be incomplete.
Surely this is what Master Ueshiba understood when he further advises us to “Return to that source, leaving behind all self-centered thoughts, petty desires, and anger. Those who are possessed by nothing possess everything.”[6] For it is only when we forget where we come from, and, subsequently, that all is related, part of one Universe, that our actions, through egocentrism, and the collective egocentrism we call “anthropocentrism,” that our actions become harmful to ourselves and to All Our Relations. “There is evil and disharmony in the world,” Ueshiba says, “because people have forgotten that all things emanate from one source.”[7] Or, as Black Elk explained, “Peace comes within the souls of [people] when they realize their relationship, their oneness with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the Universe dwells Wankan-Tanka [the Great Spirit], and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”[8]
For the sake of continuing our discussion, then, let us dare attempt to describe this Source, this Great Mother, from which all things originate. But in so doing, we must humbly understand what is meant when the Tao Te Ching explains, “the name that can be named is not the eternal Name,”[9] and when the Baghavad Gita tells us, “God has a million faces,” and the Rg Veda says, “The one being the wise call by many names.”[10] This is the reason the ancient Israelites, led through the wilderness by a nebulous cloud and an ever-changing ball of fire, considered it a sin to even speak the unspeakable name of God, and why the Jewish Kabbalah tells us, “Every definition of God leads to heresy.”[11] Even the word “God” itself if far too small and inadequate a lens through which to view this Source. As Erich Fromm understood, “The more I know what God is not, the more knowledge I have of God.” [12] Similarly, Meister Eckhart, who referred to God as Absolute Nothing, suggested we “cannot know what God is, even though [we] be ever so well aware of what God is not…”[13]
In Buddhism, therefore, this Source from which we come, and to which we must return, is simply called “Mu,” which means “Nothingness.” Before Creation is Mu, nothingness, chaos and confusion, and it is ultimately out of this dark void that the Universe is born. As cosmologist, Brian Swimme tells us, “Each of the sextillion particles that foamed into existence had its root in this quantum vacuum, this originating reality.”[14] Nevertheless, science now explains that at almost the first instant of Creation, certain laws came to exist that have governed the Universe ever since. Although there was a brief moment when the electrons, positrons, quarks, and neutrinos that were rapidly coming into being interacted freely and randomly, it didn’t take long, much less than a second, before the gravitational, electromagnetic and the two strong and weak nuclear interactions became the basic phenomenological laws governing reality. Again, as Swimme explains;
In this phase transition the fundamental architecture of the universe’s interactions was set for all time. ]It was not yet certain where the largest stars would appear, but the upper limits of their sizes and intensities were already fixed. It was not yet certain how many planets would come into existence, but an invisible ceiling for their highest mountains was already in place because the strengths of the interactions of the mountain’s constituents were now in place. It was not at all certain that bivalve mollusks would ever exist, but the possibility for shell sizes were now determined. It was certainly far from obvious whether or not there would ever exist anything like a mammal, but the fundamental range for how high they could leap or how powerfully they could clamp their jaws was now set into the sinews of the universe.[15]
Perhaps even more important than our existential dependence on the fundamental interactions established during the first instance of the Cosmic birth is the fact that other laws, that could easily have been, were not established. “Had it settled on a slightly different strong interaction,” Swimme continues, “all the future stars would have exploded in a brief time, making an unfurling of life impossible. Had the universe established a slightly different gravitational interaction, none of the future galaxies would have taken shape.”[16] The establishment of these fundamental laws, or, if you will, habits, out of Mu, nothingness, chaos, are the very principles that have given shape to the Universe ever since, and have allowed the myriad of things, ourselves included, to be.
In brief, then, chaos gave birth to order, and it is that particular order that has sustained us, and the entire Universe ever since. So, perhaps, the best name we can give this Source, besides Mu, Nothingness, Chaos, is Harmony. Again, although, by themselves all things and all beings are imperfect, all of us have evolved together to work perfectly together. Another way to put it is that the Universe is simply relationship. If we don’t connect with each other through right relations there is, as Ueshiba said, “evil and disorder in the world.” In his profound book, The Natural Way of Farming, Masanobu Fukuoka suggests we can really consider all the laws of the Universe as one law, which he calls, “The Law of Harmony.”[17]As he understands it, all things return to it this law until they are eventually reabsorbed into Mu, Nothingness, Chaos. “All things fuse into a circle,” he says, “which reverts to a point, and the point to nothing.”[18]
So it truly is important as we live our lives that we return, as much as possible, to our origins by living according the first law, the Law of Harmony. “Harmony,” says Master Ueshiba, “originates with the flow of all things—its heart is like the movement of the wind and waves. The Way is like the veins that circulate blood through our bodies, following the natural flow of the life force. If you are separated in the slightest from that divine essence, you are far off the path.”[19]
In the Creation story of the Huichol Indians of Northern Mexico, all of us once lived in the realm of the divine, but forgot our origins when we were born into this world through a long tunnel. Each day, Tatewari, the Highest God, the Sun, visits us in this world to remind us of our fiery origins, then moves across the sky, returning to darkness to further remind us of our true home. For the Huichol, then, the spiritual journey involves our attempt to remember our true history and origins. Carl Jung also found this motif of a return to the womb, or to a Mother image of some sort, among other peoples as well. “The meaning of this cycle of myths is clear enough,” he said, “it is the longing to attain rebirth through a return to the womb, and to become immortal like the sun.”[20]
What the Huichols refer to as our original descent into this world through a tunnel from a forgotten divine realm, transpersonal theorist, Ken Wilber simply calls, involution (as opposed to evolution). “The whole ‘downward’ movement, whereby Spirit playfully loses and forgets itself in successively lower levels,” he writes, “is called involution.”[21]He further defines involution as 1) the successive “moving away” from Godhead, 2) the successive lessening of consciousness, 3) a successive forgetting or amnesis, 4) a successive stepping down of Spirit, 4) a successive increasing of alienation, separation, dismemberment, and fragmentation, and, 6) a successive objectification, projection, and dualism.
As we spiral further down each level of involution, we forget all that came before, rendering us, as Wilber says, “unconscious.”[22] Fortunately, once this process us complete, and we have fully forgotten our origins, true evolution can occur, described by Wilber as, “the unfolding of the higher from the lower.”[23] “Where involution proceeded by successive separations and dismemberments,” he says, “evolution, as the reverse, proceeds by successive remembering or anamnesis (Plato’s ‘recollection’ or ‘remembrance,’ Sufi zikr, Hindu smara, Buddha’s ‘recollection,’ etc.). Further, anamnesis and holism are actually the same thing: to remember is really to re-member, or join again in higher unity.”[24]
Unlike the Darwinian idea, then, of evolution as merely “natural selection,” Wilber’s idea is that true evolution occurs the more we remember our connection to All That Is, the more holistically we come to see the Universe and our role in it, the more we climb upward, returning to the Godhead, to our true origins. This means, then, the more we move toward the Law of Harmony, towards all things working together as one, the higher our level of existence becomes, even though this Law of Harmony may be called by different names. Among the solar systems we call it gravity or attraction. Among people it is called equality. In economics it’s called justice. In the environment it’s called sustainability. Science calls it homeostasis. Artists called it balance. Art lovers call it beauty. Philosophers call it truth, and moralists call it good. As Ueshiba says, “The Way of Harmony is a celebration of the bonding of heaven, earth, and humankind. It is all that is true, good, and beautiful.”[25] Whatever we may call it, the Law of Harmony is the first law of creation, the law within each of the trillions of billions of atoms we share together in each eternal moment, with each eternal breath.
الميثاق من إنسجام دوليّة
Automatically translated into Arabic thanks to WorldLingo
على الألفية قد تنازع كثير من نوعنا ويموت لإنسجام. [شرست], [بودّها], [أبرهم], ميري, [جوأن] من صندوق, [موسس], غاندي, لنكولن, [لوثر], أم [ترسا], مارتن [لوثر] ملك, [كنّدس], ترودو.
ماذا هم يتلقّى ربّما يتنازعون ل, ماذا هم تنازعوا ل كان الحق إلى إنسجام, حقهم أن يعيش في عالم توافقيّة. هكذا في [أونيسن] مع أعمالهم عظيمة يستطيع نحن يقدّم بعد ذلك كلّ وهذا في
"ميثاق الإنسجام" لا كسياسة أو مذهب غير أنّ كدروس وحقائق ينشأ من هذا نافورة عظيمة حالة حبّ. حالة حبّ وميثاق من ولإنسجام دوليّة.
استمتعت
لا يوقن من المؤلفة هنا غير أنّ قطعة لطيفة من قطعة
كبيرة [إد]
4. [إين سرش وف] إنسجام من قوات
حيويّة يتألّف القوات حيويّة من أناس, [إثنوس], ومجتمعة طبيعيّة, روحانيّة, طبيعيّة, عقليّة, وقوات تكنولوجيّة. يضمن إنسجام وميزان من قوات حيويّة استقرار ضمن مجتمعة, اكتمال الحياة, وتاريخيّة, [فسولوجكل], وطول عمر اجتماعيّة. سوفت واحدة من هذا مكونات يصبح يستنزف, خصوصا الروحانيّة أو طبيعيّة واحدة, تنافر, إنحلال, [أر فن] إخماد كاملة [إثنوس], مجتمعة, أو [هومو سبينس] بنفسي يمكن وقعت. قد بحث كثير فيلسوفات بارزة من العصور القديمة وال [برسنت تيم] أن يحقّق إنسجام من قوات إنسانيّة حيويّة.
في الماض تاريخيّة, حدّدت العلاقة بين أناس وطبيعة كان إلى مدى عظيمة بالإيقاع العمليات. ميّزت المفهوم من تكرار عامّة من طبيعيّة و [فنومنوم] اجتماعيّة, [أس ولّ س] التطور دوريّة عرقية, جماعات, و [بيوبلس] يتلقّى يكون منذ أوقات قديمة. ينار [بيوبل-بريستس], كاهن عال, والحكيمة يحقّق هو. ميّز [أسولد] [سبنغلر], أرنولد [تونب], [غميلوف], وأخرى مفكرات مشهورة الإرتباط من طبيعة و [فنومنوم] اجتماعيّة. القوات حيويّة من إنسانية, [إثنوس], وجماعة أيضا [سكليك] داخل [نتثر-ثي] يموتون بعيدا, إلاّ أنّ أن يغيّر ونمات قوّيّة في ارتفاع مفاجئهم جديدة.
في يونانية قديمة مدارس فلسفيّة, مثل أنّ من أفلاطون و [بثغرس], علمت شباب كان أوّلا كيف أن يبلغ إنسجام بين جسم وروح, كيف أن يلاحظ طبيعة, وكيف أن يفهم ه سر قوات وإيقاع. تدرّبت هذا فلسفة بعد في بوذيّة مدارس وأديرة اليوم, [ثت يس,] لا كالغزوة الطبيعة غير أنّ ال يصحّ إدراك الطبيعة [إين وردر تو] حقّقت [ك-إكسيستنس] توافقيّة.
مسيحية يتلقّى يعلمنا أنّ يتضمّن التزويد من المقدّسة مثاليّة العلم خلق المسؤولية. أناس حقّا دينيّة وكائن روحانيّة فقط عندما يقاوم هم الرغبة أن يضرّر حيّة مخاليق أو طبيعة وعندما هم يقدّمون إلى دافع داخليّة أن يخلق جيّدة وأن يحبّ حياة. يبدأ علم خلق مسيحية, بما أنّ [ألبرت] شفايتزر جادل, مع هذا "توقير نحو حياة. "
صحب [ثلس] من [ميلت] (حوالي 625 أو 640 - 547 أو 545 [ب.ك.]), قديمة يونانية فيلسوفة, جد من فلسفة قديمة, ومؤسسة من [ميلت] مدرسة, واحدة من المدارس أولى فلسفيّ, كلّ تشكيل الأوامر مع واحدة [إلمنت-وتر] أوّليّة. هو اعتبر ماء أمر بدائيّة. رويت, هو علم, المصدر وأصل من كلّ شيء. [أت ث سم تيم], ليس ماء وكلّ شيء أنّ نزل من هو جامدة غير أنّ حيّة. وفقا ل [ثلس], يتلقّى طبيعة, على حدّ سواء حيّة وجامدة, [دريف فورس] أوّليّة, أيّ الروح وإلهة.
تلقّى [لو] [تزي] (اللّي آ) ([بورن] في 604 [ب.ك.]), المفكرة عظيمة صينيّة ومؤسسة [تويسم] تعليمات مماثلة. الفكرة رئيسيّة [تويسم] [تو], أيّ يكون [متفوريكلّي] اقترنت أن يروي (متأثّريّة ورجوعيّة). [لو] [تزي] يقال: "ال [هيغر] جيّدة مماثلة أن يروي. ماء يحيي كلّ حيّة مخاليق وأبدا مسابقات مع هم. يموت كلّ شيء أنّ لا يذعن مع [تو] (فرضا, إنسجام) مبتسرا. "[تويسم] الفلسفة أو الممر نحو إنسجام. بينما واحدة أمكن لم يحقّق إنسجام مطلقة, سيكون الممر نحو هو مستقيمة ويصحّ ممر التطوير. وفقا ل [لو] [تزي], الناس سوفت لا يتدخّل مع طبيعة طريق التطوير.
[بثغرس] من [سموس] ([سرك] 570-500 [ب.ك.]), القديمة يونانية فيلسوفة, أيضا يعتنق تعليمات مماثلة. [بثغرنس] أحال العالم ككون, يتضمّن ه إنسجام وكمال (اليونانيّة كلمة يعني [كسم] "جمال"). أسّست كمال من الكون على إرتباطات مؤكّدة عدديّة أيّ يكون الأساس من الحركة من أجسام مبهجة. هم أيضا الأساس من إنسجام موسيقيّة ويمكن حتّى كنت أسّست في النسب من ال [هومن بودي]. [بثغرس] كان الأولى أن يدعو الخطبة على متحرّكة حياة فلسفة أو حالة حبّ الحكمة.
مدّد [هركليتس] من [إفس] (حوالي 544-438 [ب.ك.]), آخر قديمة يونانية فيلسوفة, بعض من هذا فكرة. هو طوّر المفهوم من دائمة تدفق وتشكيل وعلمنا أنّ "كلّ شيء في دولة التدفق," و" واحدة يستطيع لا يخطو داخل ال نفسه نهر مرّتين". وفقا ل [هركليتس], إنسانية جزء الطبيعة. طبيعة (كون) [بربتثلّي] يعيش, ينبض لهب (طاقة?) أيّ كان لم يخلق ب أيّ شخص. خمّنت هو دائمة وخالدة (""). أحيات نحن سوفت طابقت إلى طبيعة وه "" [فير-لوغس] [سول-فرلستينغ].
هو ممتعة كيف [هركليتس] يرى "ال [بربريتي] من الروح إنسانيّة" في دولته خاصّة جسديّة. هو يفسّر أنّ رغم أنّ الروح يتكوّن من رطوبة, يميل هو أن ينشّف فوق. بلّل الفرق بين "" و"جافّة" روح يحدّ الفرق بين مغفلة وشخص ذكيّة. الروح من [ويس من] الجافّة والجيّدة. وفقا ل [هركليتس], في الدولة من جفاف قصوى يشعّ روح ضوء.
كان [سكرتس] (حوالي 469-399 [ب.ك.]), آخر قديمة يونانية فيلسوفة, واحدة من المؤسسات ال [ديلكتيك] كطريقة من البحث لحقيقة. هو اعتبر [سلف-رليسأيشن] كطريق أن يحقّق إنسجام, أيّ كان الهدف الفلسفة.
اعتبر [دموكريتثس] ([سرك] 470-360 [ب.ك.]), القديمة يونانية فيلسوفة, الإنجاز من ال [هيغست لفل] من [ولّ-بينغ], أو إنسجام, يمكن ب يحدث رغبات [أن 'س] وب يتبنّى أسلوب حياة معتدلة.
أرسطو (384-322 [ب.ك.]), القديمة يونانية فيلسوفة ومفكرة عالميّة, يتصوّر من ال [إسّنتيل] من كثير أعلام جديدة, أيّ فيزياء, علم الأحياء, علم نفس, منطق, وعلم خلق. هو اعتبر إلهة المثال [هيغست] من طبيعيّة [رثر ثن] أمر اجتماعيّة. يمدّد الجذور من [سفيليسأيشن] أوروبيّة [بك تو] يونان قديمة, حيث مستمرّة, يوحّد ثقافة ازدهر. تلقّى ال [أنسنت غريك] بوضوح متكاملة ورؤية واضحة من العالم, بما أنّ أتمّوا فلسفات شرقيّة [إين جنرل,] بما في ذلك هندوسية وبوذية.
صحبت الثورة علميّة عادة مع الاسم من [كبرنيكس], غاليليو, ونيوتن. طوّرت الطريقة علميّة كان ونحن نستدين نا [برسنت-دي] علميّة وتقدم فنّيّة إلى هو. مع ذلك دمّر هو الصفة كمال ونزاهة من العالم. نحن غرّبنابنفسي من طبيعة. تنافر ساد في التطوير ال [سفيليسأيشن]. نحن الآن نواجه نتيجاته وثانية يحاول أن يجد طريق [بك تو] إنسجام, غير أنّ يميل نحن أن ينسى أنّ إنسانية يتلقّى سابقا يمرّ هذا طريق. فضلا عن ذلك, اجتزت هذا ممرات كان بطريقة مختلفة [إين فريووس كونتريس] من العالم. هناك كان دائما بلاد أنّ كان يمكن أن يبقي التقاليد من تعايش توافقيّة مع طبيعة, توازن حركيّة بين روحانيّة وقوات مادّيّة وبين [بيوبلس] ومجتمعة لألفية.
[وهيثر] خضراء [أوتوبيس]
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ب [أرنب] روي [شودهوري]
(تم - نوفمبر - تشرين الثّاني 19, 2007) [أوتوبيا] حرفيّا "إلى لا مكان يهبط," مجتمعة مثاليّة في آخر مكان حيث حرية, حالة تساو, وعدل يسود. أرض إلى ما بعد إستثمار, حرب, فقر, وإضطهاد. [أوتوبيس] عموما جدّا حرجة حول ال [برسنت ستثأيشن] من المجتمعة ([فرنكلند], [برّي], 2002). [أوتوبيك] فلسفات معاودة خلال تاريخ الأفكار; هم قد سطّحوا تكرارا في ربوة الأشكال, في أعمار مختلفة. نحن نتلقّى "[أوتوبيا] ماركسيّة" ك ال أكثر يلمع مثال, أيّ يتلقّى التأثير سائدة أكثر في تاريخ إنسانيّة. بالمثل يتلقّى نحن توهمات خضراء, أيّ يكون الموضوع النقاشة من هذا ورقة.
"[أوتوبيس] خضراء" أو "[إك-توبيس]" مجتمعات نموذجيّة حيث رجل وطبيعة يتواجد في كاملة إنسجام واعتماد متبادل. ال [إك-توبيست] يصدق فيلسوفة أنّ هناك كان "[إيدل-تب]" شرط في الماض حيث واقعيّا هذا شرط من إنسجام كاملة ساد, أنّ ما إن هم كانوا "حقيقة تجريبيّة" ([جوس], 1999). يحافظ نماذج مثاليّة من هذا مجتمعات مصونة في عقلهم, ال "يريد متطرفات خضراء," في نمط مماثلة ك ال "متطرفات ماركسيّة," إلى [كرت] مجتمعة حيث شروط نقيّة سيسودون.
انفجر سياسة بيئيّة خارجا داخل المشهد في متأخّرة ستينات, فترة عندما فوضوية كان أنعشت كمذهب كبريات سياسيّة. [ديسنشنت] الجيل من ستينات كان مع رأسمالية والماركسيّ أفكار بسبب التدهورات من هذا مذاهب أن يجد حل مناسبة لإنسانيّة شقاء وإستثمار, واتّجاه مناسبة لإنسانيّة سعادة وعمليّة تحرير. تبع مع ال [إكنوميك دبرسّيون] عظيمة من 1929 بالكوارث من الحرب عالميّة وإضطهاد بنظامات استبداديّة ماركسيّة, هذا جيل كان قد خسر كلّ شيء, هم أرادوا أن يذهب إلى الخلف في الحنون إلى الماضي بعد, هم أرادوا أن يعيش من ال "يسرع خطوة التاريخ," هم حلموا حول قريتهم طبيعتهم وحياتهم [إيدلّيك] أيّ هم مرّة استمتعوا, وهم لاحظوا أنّ [إفيلنسّ] من طمع إنسانيّة لثروة وقوة قد دمّر الطبيعة وحياتهم. هذا الخلفيّة من أيّ اللون الأخضر فكرة سياسيّة قد ظهر.
يتلقّى السياسة خضراء في جنرال اثنان مقاربة, واحدة أكثر أو أقلّ متمركزة, ضحلة, أقلّ [إنفيرونمنتليسم] متطرّفة; الأخرى عميقة, [بيوسنتريك], [إكلوجسم] متطرّفة. يصدق هم كلا يتلقّى هم خاصّة توهمات, ال أقلّ متطرفات في مجتمعة مساواتيّة في إنسجام مع طبيعة, حيث طبيعة بالتّأكيد يتلقّى وجود منفعيّة; حيث أنّ الأكثر [بروتو-غرينس] متطرّفة يصدقون يعطي يتماثل حقوق أن يجنّد وأخرى حيوية [نون-هومن], حيث طبيعة يتلقّى ه خاصّة [إينترينسك فلو] [نون-وتيليترين]. يعتمد الشكل من حركات خضراء أنّ قد طوّر في أمريكا, أستراليا, واسكندينافيا, أيّ يكون [إين فكت] يطوّر رأسمالية بلاد, أكثر أو أقلّ على الفلسفة [بروتو-غرين] متطرّفة; حيث أنّ الحركات بيجيّة من ال [ثيرد وورلد كونتري], في الأغلب فقير وبلاد متخلّفة, يعتمدون على المبادئ ضحلة بيجيّة من عدل بيجيّة, حيث تكافؤ في توزيع من الموردات بيجيّة يكون مهمّة, أيّ ذهبت [هند-ين-هند] مع المناقشة على تطوير قابل للمحافظة ([غها], 1997, 2000, 2006).
على حدّ سواء المتطرّفة ويستنتج الفكرة ضحلة [إك-بوليتيكل] كثير من شهيقه من ثلاثة خطوط الفلسفات: فوضوية, [رومنتيسسم], و [ديب-كلوجسم], أيّ يكون [إين فكت] مماثلة في كثير طرق. أنا سأتناقشهم [أن بي ون].
فوضويّة في الدّرجة الأولى فلسفة فرنسيّة يطوّر ب [بروودهون] و [بكونين], وفيما بعد ببيتر [كروبتوكين]. أخذ [مورّي] [بووكشن] [كروبتوكين] فكرة, أعطى هو إلتواء بيئيّ, وطوّر المدرسة من "علم بيئة اجتماعيّة." يأتي كثير من الفكرة بيئيّ سياسيّة من ال [إك-نرشستس]. يستنتج الكلمة [أنرك] من الكلمة يونانيّة "دون قاعدة," غير أنّ دون قاعدة ليس نسيبة مع "دون قواعد," لذلك هو كان خاطئة أن يعادل "[أنرك]" مع "حالة فوضى." كاملة [أنرك] شرط من حالة تساو كاملة سياسيّة. يتعارض الفوضويّ خصوصا الدولة وطبيعته قهريّة; هم يصدقون أنّ مجتمعة بلا جنسيّة على حدّ سواء يمكن ومفضّلة من [ستت-دومينتد] واحدة. الآن مجتمعة بلا جنسيّة يستطيع [فري ولّ] كنت دعات مجتمعة توهّميّة, غير أنّ الإعتقاد جدّا أنّ ما إن هم تواجدوا يسلّف العلامة مميّزة توهّميّة إرساء تجريبيّة (ضوء, 2002).
[رومنتيسسم] كان أدبيّة وحركة فلسفيّ يزوّد بالعمل من [رووسّو] في فرنسا, [غث] في ألمانيا, والشاعرات [كلريدج] و [ووردسوورث] في بريطانيا. [رومنتيسستس] قيمة إبداع وحرية من خبرة فرديّة واهتمام أصيلة ل [أونسبويلت] طبيعة وتقليد ريفيّة. ازدهر الحركة في [وسترن يوروب] وأمريكا من ال [1750س] إلى ال [1870س]. جعل فردانيّته مع تقدير [ملنشليك] من يغيب طبيعة [رومنتيسسم] سياسيّا متطرفة, وهو يستطيع كنت رأيت بما أنّ [بروتو-غرين] في يقترن هذا مواضيع ([ستفنس], 2002).
بالمثل, "عميقة علم بيئة حركة" يستطيع كنت تتبّعت من مادة يكتب بفيلسوفة نرويجيّة ونشط بيئيّ [أرن] [نسّ] في 1973, يخوّل الضحلة والعميقة علم بيئة ([لونغ رنج]) حركة: خلاصة. [نسّ] يرفض ال "ضحلة بيئيّ" مقاربة [إين ففوور وف] المتأخّرة ويكتب أنّ ال "تعلّقت علم بيئة عميقة" مع [()] رفض من [من-ين-نفيرونمنت] صورة, [إين ففوور وف] علائقيّ إجماليّة مجال صورة; [(ب)] [إغليترينيسم] [بيوسفريكل] في مبدأ; [(ك)] مبدأ من تنوع ومن [سمبيوسس] [(د)] [أنتي-كلسّ] وضع [()] معركة ضدّ تلوث وموردة استنزاف [(ف)] تعقيد لا تعقيد مضاعف [(غ)] محلّية حكم ذاتيّ ولامركزيّة ([برّي], 2002). يتلقّى كلّ هذا فلسفة إجهادات من "عمق" و" ضحالة" في هم, هم يختلفون في راديكاليّتهم وهم يتلقّون رؤيات مختلفة [أوتوبيا].
الآن, هناك ما من مشكلة مع [أوتوبيس] بما أنّ مثل هذا, في كلّ مجتمعة وكلّ ثقافة يتواجد هو في أشكال مختلفة, غير أنّ رؤيات [موبيك] من المستقبل غالبا يخلقون مشكلة [إن-رووت] يحقّقهم. اتّهمت البيئويّ ضحلة يتلقّى يكون من [نيفت] سياسيّة [بوبوليسم] وانتعاش من قوات محافظة [أنتي-سكلر] في هند; بسبب اهتمامهم فوقيّة مادّيّة يشكّل هم يتلقّى غالبا تحالفات متضايق مع قوات بلديّ, هم غالبا [ركأيشنري] في طبيعة يتلقّى ما من مذهب خاصّة سياسيّة [أر فن] رؤيات بديلة مستقبل ولذلك حركاتهم يصبحون نهاية في وب بنفسي. ناقدات يقولون أنّ تواجد صورتهم كاملة من مجتمعة [أبّرسّيونلسّ] [إين فكت] أبدا في التاريخ من [سفيليسأيشن] إنسانيّة, وأنّ لما هم يكونون توهمات ([برسد], 2003, 2004). المتطرّفة "اتّهمت [ديب-كلوجستس]," يتلقّى يكون من منظرات [أنتي-هومن], هم يصيغ "ثمانية نقطة منصة," في النقطة رابعة [أف وهيش] هم يقولون, "ال يزدهر من حياة إنسانيّة وثقافة متوافقة مع تناقص جوهريّة في الالسّكان إنسانيّة, بينما ال يزدهر من حياة [نون-هومن] يتطلّب هذا تناقص" ([برّي], 2002); وفي النقطة ثامنة يقول هم, "أنّ الذي يكتتب إلى الآنفة يتلقّى إلتزام أن يطبّق التغيرات ضروريّة" ([برّي], 2002), هو يستطيع كنت بوضوح تضمّنت أنّ هناك تضمن غريبة من مذهب متطرّفة فاشيّ في هذا معتقدات. هذا يعني أنّ هم يستطيع ذهبت إلى أيّ طول أن "طبّقت التغيرات ضروريّة" أن يقلّل الالسّكان إنسانيّة وهو يستطيع قدت إلى آخر [نزي] أو ماركسيّة "المحرقة" ([ستودنمير], 1995).
بما أنّ أنا قلت هناك ما من مشكلة مع [أوتوبيا] بما أنّ مثل هذا -- أنا أعجب حلم أنّ يعطي سبب وسبب أن يعيش, أنّ دفع نا نحو إنجاز من شروط جيّدة حيّة, سعادة, وحرية, غير أنّ هذا حلم سوفت كنت قابل للتعديل. عندما يصبح سبب أو سبب [غرت ثن] بنفسي وهدفه يصبح أكثر مهمّة من [منس] ه, بعد ذلك الهدف موضوعيّة يغلب ال [هومن سوبجكت], في البداية ل الذي تحسين الهدف كان صغت. حسابات تاريخيّة من خسارة بيئيّة سوفت أعطيتنا [ورنينغ سنل] أنّ نحن سوفت استعملت بيئتنا مع تعقل ولا مع تهتك ([غها], 2006); هو جيّدة [أس لونغ س] يتصرّف تاريخ كمعلمة, غير أنّ لا سوفت هو يتصرّف بما أنّ [كمّندينغ وثوريتي] ولا هو سوفت كنت استعملت كذريعة من يأخذ إنتقام. الماض يستطيع بالتّأكيد كنت نموذج أنّ يلهمنا غير أنّ الجوابة أوضاع [إين ث فوتثر], ل أيّ نحن نضطرّ تمرين بدنيّ سلميّا مع مورداتنا حاضرة.
مراجع
[برّي], جون (2002) "علم بيئة عميقة" في جون [برّي] ومورثة [فرنكلند] ([إد].) [إنسكلوبديا] دوليّة من سياسة بيجيّة, لندن: [أوسا]: كندا [رووتلدج].
[جوس], [م.]. [د] (1999), [أوتوبيس] بيجيّة: يتصوّر المجتمعة قابل للمحافظة, كتب دوليّة, [أولترشت].
[غها], [رمشندرا] (1997) تشكيلات ال [إنفيرونمنتليسم]: تجارب شمال وجنوبيّة (مع [جوأن] [مرتينز-لير]), [أإكسفورد ونيفرستي] صحافة, هند.
[غها], [رمشندرا], (2000) [إنفيرونمنتليسم]: تاريخ شاملة, [أإكسفورد ونيفرستي] صحافة, نيو دلهي.
Guha, Ramachandra (2006) How Much Should a Person Consume? Thinking Through the Environment, University of California, Berkeley Press; Permanent Black, India.
Light, Andrew (2002), "Murray Bookchin" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Prasad, Archana (2003) Against Ecological Romanticism: Verrier Elwin and the Making of an Anti-Modern Tribal Identity, Gurgaon, India Three Essays Collective.
Prasad, Archana (2004), Environmentalism and the Left, New Delhi Leftword Books
Staudenmaier, Peter (1995) "Fascist Ideology: The Green Wing of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents" in Peter Staudenmaier and Janet Biehl (ed) Ecofascism; Lessons from German Experience, Edinburgh, Scotland
Stephens, Piers H.G.(2002) "Romanticism" in John Barry and Gene Frankland (ed.) International Encyclopaedia of Environmental Politics, London: USA: Canada Routledge.
Living as One with All
By
Todd F. Eklof
March 5, 2006
Master Morihei Ueshiba, the founder of Aikido, taught us that “All things , material and spiritual, originate from one source, and are related as if they were one family.”[1] This is not unlike what scientists are telling us today about the Universe, that all things originate from the, so called, Big Bang, and are, therefore, related. Indeed, even today, all beings are still so intimately related that we continue to share between us the very same atoms that were created in those first fiery moment 13.7 billion years ago. With each inhalation we take in almost a quadrillion of these atoms, that’s ten with 24 zero’s behind it, more than 1000 trillion. And with each exhalation we offer that same number of atoms back to the Universe. As Deepak Chopra explains, “we can show beyond a shadow of doubt that right this moment you have in your physical body at least a million atoms that were once in the body of Christ, or the Buddha, or Michelangelo, or Leonardo da Vinci, or Saddam Hussein, or Osama bin Laden, or George Bush. You have a million atoms right now that have been in the body of every single being that has existed since the dawn of creation. In just the last three weeks a quadrillion atoms have gone through your body and they have gone through the body of every other living species on this planet.”[2] Or, as theologian Matthew Fox simply says, “Creation brings us all together.”[3]
This is important information because it reminds us that we not only come from one source, but we remain connected to that source through our relation to each other, forever! As Thomas Aquinas understood, “each and every creature exists for the perfection of the entire universe.”[4] In other words, though each of us is individually imperfect, and incapable, therefore, of existing and continuing completely on our own, all things are created to work perfectly together. This means, furthermore, that the Universe would be incomplete without you! Without you, the entire universe would cease to exist! This isn’t to say that another universe, a universe without you might not spill into existence as a default, but the universe that now exists would be gone forever. Perhaps this is what William James understood when he suggested we can “see a world in a grain of sand, or heaven in a wildflower;”[5] Not that the entire Universe exists within each grain, or heaven within each flower, but that without that individual grain, or that individual flower, the entire Universe, as we know it, would be incomplete.
Surely this is what Master Ueshiba understood when he further advises us to “Return to that source, leaving behind all self-centered thoughts, petty desires, and anger. Those who are possessed by nothing possess everything.”[6] For it is only when we forget where we come from, and, subsequently, that all is related, part of one Universe, that our actions, through egocentrism, and the collective egocentrism we call “anthropocentrism,” that our actions become harmful to ourselves and to All Our Relations. “There is evil and disharmony in the world,” Ueshiba says, “because people have forgotten that all things emanate from one source.”[7] Or, as Black Elk explained, “Peace comes within the souls of [people] when they realize their relationship, their oneness with the universe and all its powers, and when they realize that at the center of the Universe dwells Wankan-Tanka [the Great Spirit], and that this center is really everywhere, it is within each of us.”[8]
For the sake of continuing our discussion, then, let us dare attempt to describe this Source, this Great Mother, from which all things originate. But in so doing, we must humbly understand what is meant when the Tao Te Ching explains, “the name that can be named is not the eternal Name,”[9] and when the Baghavad Gita tells us, “God has a million faces,” and the Rg Veda says, “The one being the wise call by many names.”[10] This is the reason the ancient Israelites, led through the wilderness by a nebulous cloud and an ever-changing ball of fire, considered it a sin to even speak the unspeakable name of God, and why the Jewish Kabbalah tells us, “Every definition of God leads to heresy.”[11] Even the word “God” itself if far too small and inadequate a lens through which to view this Source. As Erich Fromm understood, “The more I know what God is not, the more knowledge I have of God.” [12] Similarly, Meister Eckhart, who referred to God as Absolute Nothing, suggested we “cannot know what God is, even though [we] be ever so well aware of what God is not…”[13]
In Buddhism, therefore, this Source from which we come, and to which we must return, is simply called “Mu,” which means “Nothingness.” Before Creation is Mu, nothingness, chaos and confusion, and it is ultimately out of this dark void that the Universe is born. As cosmologist, Brian Swimme tells us, “Each of the sextillion particles that foamed into existence had its root in this quantum vacuum, this originating reality.”[14] Nevertheless, science now explains that at almost the first instant of Creation, certain laws came to exist that have governed the Universe ever since. Although there was a brief moment when the electrons, positrons, quarks, and neutrinos that were rapidly coming into being interacted freely and randomly, it didn’t take long, much less than a second, before the gravitational, electromagnetic and the two strong and weak nuclear interactions became the basic phenomenological laws governing reality. Again, as Swimme explains;
In this phase transition the fundamental architecture of the universe’s interactions was set for all time. ]It was not yet certain where the largest stars would appear, but the upper limits of their sizes and intensities were already fixed. It was not yet certain how many planets would come into existence, but an invisible ceiling for their highest mountains was already in place because the strengths of the interactions of the mountain’s constituents were now in place. It was not at all certain that bivalve mollusks would ever exist, but the possibility for shell sizes were now determined. It was certainly far from obvious whether or not there would ever exist anything like a mammal, but the fundamental range for how high they could leap or how powerfully they could clamp their jaws was now set into the sinews of the universe.[15]
Perhaps even more important than our existential dependence on the fundamental interactions established during the first instance of the Cosmic birth is the fact that other laws, that could easily have been, were not established. “Had it settled on a slightly different strong interaction,” Swimme continues, “all the future stars would have exploded in a brief time, making an unfurling of life impossible. Had the universe established a slightly different gravitational interaction, none of the future galaxies would have taken shape.”[16] The establishment of these fundamental laws, or, if you will, habits, out of Mu, nothingness, chaos, are the very principles that have given shape to the Universe ever since, and have allowed the myriad of things, ourselves included, to be.
In brief, then, chaos gave birth to order, and it is that particular order that has sustained us, and the entire Universe ever since. So, perhaps, the best name we can give this Source, besides Mu, Nothingness, Chaos, is Harmony. Again, although, by themselves all things and all beings are imperfect, all of us have evolved together to work perfectly together. Another way to put it is that the Universe is simply relationship. If we don’t connect with each other through right relations there is, as Ueshiba said, “evil and disorder in the world.” In his profound book, The Natural Way of Farming, Masanobu Fukuoka suggests we can really consider all the laws of the Universe as one law, which he calls, “The Law of Harmony.”[17]As he understands it, all things return to it this law until they are eventually reabsorbed into Mu, Nothingness, Chaos. “All things fuse into a circle,” he says, “which reverts to a point, and the point to nothing.”[18]
So it truly is important as we live our lives that we return, as much as possible, to our origins by living according the first law, the Law of Harmony. “Harmony,” says Master Ueshiba, “originates with the flow of all things—its heart is like the movement of the wind and waves. The Way is like the veins that circulate blood through our bodies, following the natural flow of the life force. If you are separated in the slightest from that divine essence, you are far off the path.”[19]
In the Creation story of the Huichol Indians of Northern Mexico, all of us once lived in the realm of the divine, but forgot our origins when we were born into this world through a long tunnel. Each day, Tatewari, the Highest God, the Sun, visits us in this world to remind us of our fiery origins, then moves across the sky, returning to darkness to further remind us of our true home. For the Huichol, then, the spiritual journey involves our attempt to remember our true history and origins. Carl Jung also found this motif of a return to the womb, or to a Mother image of some sort, among other peoples as well. “The meaning of this cycle of myths is clear enough,” he said, “it is the longing to attain rebirth through a return to the womb, and to become immortal like the sun.”[20]
What the Huichols refer to as our original descent into this world through a tunnel from a forgotten divine realm, transpersonal theorist, Ken Wilber simply calls, involution (as opposed to evolution). “The whole ‘downward’ movement, whereby Spirit playfully loses and forgets itself in successively lower levels,” he writes, “is called involution.”[21]He further defines involution as 1) the successive “moving away” from Godhead, 2) the successive lessening of consciousness, 3) a successive forgetting or amnesis, 4) a successive stepping down of Spirit, 4) a successive increasing of alienation, separation, dismemberment, and fragmentation, and, 6) a successive objectification, projection, and dualism.
As we spiral further down each level of involution, we forget all that came before, rendering us, as Wilber says, “unconscious.”[22] Fortunately, once this process us complete, and we have fully forgotten our origins, true evolution can occur, described by Wilber as, “the unfolding of the higher from the lower.”[23] “Where involution proceeded by successive separations and dismemberments,” he says, “evolution, as the reverse, proceeds by successive remembering or anamnesis (Plato’s ‘recollection’ or ‘remembrance,’ Sufi zikr, Hindu smara, Buddha’s ‘recollection,’ etc.). Further, anamnesis and holism are actually the same thing: to remember is really to re-member, or join again in higher unity.”[24]
Unlike the Darwinian idea, then, of evolution as merely “natural selection,” Wilber’s idea is that true evolution occurs the more we remember our connection to All That Is, the more holistically we come to see the Universe and our role in it, the more we climb upward, returning to the Godhead, to our true origins. This means, then, the more we move toward the Law of Harmony, towards all things working together as one, the higher our level of existence becomes, even though this Law of Harmony may be called by different names. Among the solar systems we call it gravity or attraction. Among people it is called equality. In economics it’s called justice. In the environment it’s called sustainability. Science calls it homeostasis. Artists called it balance. Art lovers call it beauty. Philosophers call it truth, and moralists call it good. As Ueshiba says, “The Way of Harmony is a celebration of the bonding of heaven, earth, and humankind. It is all that is true, good, and beautiful.”[25] Whatever we may call it, the Law of Harmony is the first law of creation, the law within each of the trillions of billions of atoms we share together in each eternal moment, with each eternal breath.
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The Green Way
About the book: "Natural Capitalism: Creating the Next Industrial Revolution"
available in: (original) | | | | | | | | |
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The Green Way
Jan 23, 2008
Wednesday
Earth Dawn Cool
hello world...
Well according to past ecological economic theory, Humanity owes the Earth roughly 8 Trillion dollars in and for unpaid services and such.
Will that be cash or chargex?
Seriously in law and on behalf of the plaintiff Earth or Gaia and her solicitors the whales' a suit and a claim could be made and if won could vive for the establishment of a global green trust fund to be administered on the planets behalf and interests by ??? who though is the question? Who is fit to manage the Global Gaia or Earth Trust with the interests of both humanity and the planet at par.
I'm not sure the whales care to much about accounting, they're having a hard enough time saying alive....
so....?????
Well its got me stumped? Who do you figure could manage a??? well say 4 Trillion $ trust fund in and for the Earth best interests?
No not bill gates
hmmmmm well findhorn perhaps or the UN ? or Green Peace?
well I had the idea that you could develop and umbrella group based on the United Way and call it the Green Way and they could organize and manage the funds similar to the way the United Way helps community non-profits. Green groups could approach the "Green Way" with their green action plans and green society credentials and the Green Way could weight the proposals and administer the funds and such on those concerns. Organizations would have to have proper organizational structure but might receive some guidance from the Green Way in proper organization and board and member development.
any-who
thats my thinking
Ed jonas
La manière verte
Automatically translated into French thanks to WorldLingo
Le monde frais
de bonjour
de manière
du 23 jan. 2008 mercredi d'aube
verte de la terre…
Bien selon la théorie économique écologique passée, l'humanité doit à la terre approximativement 8 trillion de dollars dans et pour des services impayés et tels.
Est-ce que ce sera de l'argent comptant ou le chargex ?
Sérieusement légalement et au nom de la terre ou du Gaia de plaignant et son des avocats-conseils un costume et une réclamation des baleines pourraient être faits et si gagné pourraient vive pour l'établissement d'un fonds en fidéicommis vert global administrer sur le nom et les intérêts de planètes près ? ? ? qui est cependant la question ? Qui est adapté pour contrôler le Gaia ou la confiance global de la terre avec les intérêts de l'humanité et de la planète au par.
Je ne suis pas sûr les baleines m'inquiète à beaucoup au sujet de la comptabilité, ils ont dur assez de dire de temps vivant….
ainsi….? ? ? ? ?
Jaillissent-ils les ses obtenus me stumped ? Qui figurez-vous pourriez-vous contrôler a ? ? ? parole bonne 4 trillion de fonds en fidéicommis de $ dans et pour les meilleurs intérêts de la terre ?
Aucun pas findhorn
de puits de hmmmmm de Bill Gates peut-être ou l'ONU ? ou paix verte ?
le puits I a eu l'idée que vous pourriez se développer et groupe de parapluie basé sur la manière unie et l'appeler la manière et leur verts pourrait organiser et contrôler les fonds semblables à la manière que la manière unie aide la communauté non-profite. Les groupes verts pourraient approcher « la manière verte » avec leurs plans d'action verts et les qualifications vertes de société et la manière verte pourraient peser les propositions et administrer les fonds et tels sur ces soucis. Les organismes devraient avoir la structure d'organisation appropriée mais pourraient recevoir quelques conseils de la manière verte dans l'organisation appropriée et embarquer et le développement de membre.
tout-que
c'est mes jonas
de pensée d'ED
La manera verde
Automatically translated into Spanish thanks to WorldLingo
El mundo fresco
del hola
de la manera
del 23 Ene de 2008 miércoles del amanecer
verde de la tierra…
Bien según última teoría económica ecológica, la humanidad debe a tierra áspero 8 trillón dólares en y para los servicios sin pagar y tales.
¿Ése será efectivo o chargex?
¿Seriamente en ley y a nombre de la tierra o del Gaia del demandante y su los abogados un juego y una demanda de las ballenas podrían ser hechos y si estuvieron ganados podrían vive para el establecimiento de una fondo fiduciaria verde global ser administrada en el favor y los intereses de los planetas cerca??? ¿quién es sin embargo la pregunta? Quién se cabe para manejar el Gaia o la confianza global de la tierra con los intereses de la humanidad y del planeta en el párrafo.
No soy seguro las ballenas cuido a mucho sobre contabilidad, están teniendo difícilmente bastante decir del tiempo vivo….
tan….¿?????
¿Manan sus conseguidos me stumped? ¿Quién usted calcula podría manejar a??? ¿opinión bien 4 trillón fondos fiduciarias de $ en y para los mejores intereses de la tierra?
¿Ningún no findhorn
del pozo del hmmmmm de Bill Gates quizás o la O.N.U? ¿o paz verde?
el pozo I tenía la idea que usted podría convertirse y grupo del paraguas basado en la manera unida y llamarla la manera y les verdes podría organizar y manejar los fondos similares a la manera que la manera unida ayuda a la comunidad no-se beneficia. Los grupos verdes podrían acercar a la “manera verde” con sus planes de acción verdes y las credenciales verdes de la sociedad y la manera verde podrían cargar las ofertas y administrar los fondos y tales en esas preocupaciones. Las organizaciones tendrían que tener estructura de organización apropiada pero pudieron recibir una cierta dirección de la manera verde en la organización apropiada y subir y el desarrollo del miembro.
cualquier-que
ése es mis jonas
de pensamiento del Ed
Il senso verde
Automatically translated into Italian thanks to WorldLingo
Il mondo freddo
di ciao
di senso
del 23 gen. 2008 mercoledì di alba
verde della terra…
Bene secondo la teoria economica ecologica passata, l'umanità deve alla terra approssimativamente 8 trilione dollari in e per i servizi non pagati e tali.
Quello sarà contanti o chargex?
Seriamente nella legge ed a nome della terra o del Gaia del querelante e suo i procuratori legali un vestito e un reclamo delle balene potrebbero essere fatti e se vinto potessero vive per l'istituzione di un fondo fiduciario verde globale essere amministrato a favore e ad interessi dei pianeti vicino??? chi comunque è la domanda? Chi misura per controllare il Gaia o la fiducia globale della terra con gli interessi sia di umanità che del pianeta al par.
Non sono sicuro le balene mi preoccupo a molto circa la contabilità, stanno avendo duro abbastanza dire di tempo vivo….
così….?????
Scaturiscono i relativi ottenuti me stumped? Chi calcolate potreste controllare la a??? opinione buona 4 trilione fondi fiduciari di $ in e per gli interessi della terra?
Nessun non findhorn
del pozzo del hmmmmm del Bill Gates forse o il NU? o pace verde?
il pozzo I ha avuto l'idea che potreste svilupparti e gruppo dell'ombrello basato sul senso unito e denominarlo loro il senso e verdi potrebbe organizzare e controllare i fondi monetari simili al senso ch'il senso unito aiuta la Comunità non-profitta di. I gruppi verdi potrebbero avvicinarsi “al senso verde„ con i loro piani d'azione verdi e le credenziali verdi della società ed il senso verde potrebbero appesantire le proposte ed amministrare i fondi monetari e tali su quelle preoccupazioni. Le organizzazioni dovrebbero avere struttura organizzativa adeguata ma hanno potuto ricevere un certo consiglio dal senso verde nello sviluppo adeguato di organizzazione e del bordo e del membro.
qualsiasi-che
quello è i miei jonas
pensanti di Ed
Die grüne Weise
Automatically translated into German thanks to WorldLingo
Die kühle hallo
welt
der grünen
Weise 23. Jan. 2008 Mittwoch
Masse Dämmerung…
Gut entsprechend letzter ökologischer ökonomischer Theorie, verdankt Menschlichkeit der Masse ungefähr 8 Trillion Dollar und für in unbezahlten Dienstleistungen und in so.
Ist das Bargeld oder chargex?
Ernsthaft im Gesetz und im Namen der Zivilkläger Masse oder des Gaia und ihr konnten Anwälte eine Klage und ein Anspruch der Wale gebildet werden und wenn sie gewonnen werden, konnten vive für die Einrichtung einer globalen grünen Vertrauen Kapitals, im Planeten Interesse und den Interessen vorbei ausgeübt werden??? wer ist zwar die Frage? Wer gepaßt wird, um das globale Gaia oder das Masse Vertrauen mit den Interessen von Menschlichkeit und von Planeten an der Gleichheit zu handhaben.
Ich bin nicht die Wale mich interessiere zu viel über Buchhaltung sicher, haben sie ein stark genügendes Zeitsagen lebendig….
so….?????
Quellen seine mich erhalten stumped hervor? Wem stellen Sie konnten a handhaben?? dar? wohles Sagen 4 Trillion $ Vertrauen Kapital und für in den Masse besten Interessen?
Kein nicht Bill Gates
hmmmmm Brunnen findhorn möglicherweise oder die UNO? oder grüner Frieden?
Brunnen I hatte die Idee, daß Sie dich entwickeln konnten und die Regenschirmgruppe, die auf der vereinigten Weise und sie zu nennen die grüne Weise und sie basierte, organisieren könnte und die Kapital zu handhaben, die der Weise ähnlich sind, welche, die vereinigte Weise Gemeinschaft hilft, nicht-profitiert. Grüne Gruppen konnten der „grünen Weise“ mit ihren grünen Aktionsplänen sich nähern und grüne Gesellschaftbescheinigungen und die grüne Weise konnten die Anträge belasten und die Kapital und so auf jenen Interessen ausüben. Organisationen würden korrekte Organisationsstruktur haben müssen, aber konnten etwas Anleitungen von der grünen Weise in der korrekten Organisation und verschalen und in der Mitgliedsentwicklung empfangen.
irgendein-das
das meine denkenden ED
jonas ist
A maneira verde
Automatically translated into Portuguese thanks to WorldLingo
O mundo fresco
do hello do alvorecer verde da terra
de janeiro
23, 2008
quarta-feira da maneira…
Bem de acordo com a teoria econômica ecological passada, o Humanity deve à terra aproximadamente 8 Trillion dólares e para em serviços por pagar e em tais.
Aquele será dinheiro ou chargex?
Seriamente na lei e em nome da terra ou do Gaia do plaintiff e seu os solicitors um terno e uma reivindicação das baleias poderiam ser feitos e se ganhado poderiam vive para o estabelecimento de um fundo de confiança verde global ser administrado no interesse e nos interesses dos planetas perto??? quem é though a pergunta? Quem é cabido para controlar o Gaia ou a confiança global da terra com os interesses do humanity e do planeta no par.
Eu não sou certo as baleias importo-me a muito sobre a contabilidade, estão tendo duramente bastante dizer do tempo vivo….
assim….?????
Jorram os seus começados me stumped? Quem você figura poderia controlar a??? palavra boa 4 Trillion fundos de confiança de $ e para nos mais melhores interesses da terra?
Nenhum não findhorn
do poço do hmmmmm de Bill Gates talvez ou os UN? ou paz verde?
o poço I teve a idéia que você poderia se tornar e grupo do guarda-chuva baseado na maneira unida e para lhea chamar a maneira e verdes poderia organizar e controlar os fundos similares à maneira que a maneira unida ajuda à comunidade non-lucra. Os grupos verdes poderiam aproximar “a maneira verde” com suas plantas de ação verdes e os credentials verdes da sociedade e a maneira verde poderiam tornar mais pesadas as propostas e administrar os fundos e tais naqueles interesses. As organizações teriam que ter a estrutura organizational apropriada mas poderiam receber alguma orientação da maneira verde na organização apropriada e board e no desenvolvimento do membro.
algum-que
aquele é meus jonas
pensando do Ed
Gräsplanen långt
Automatically translated into Swedish thanks to WorldLingo
Gräsplanen långt
Jan 23, 2008
onsdag
jordgryning kyler
hälsningvärlden…,
Brunnen enligt den förgångna ekologiska ekonomiska teorin, mänsklighet varar skyldig jorden ungefärligt 8 triljondollar i och för obetalt servar och sådan.
Ska att var kontant eller chargex?
Allvarligt i lag och på vägnar av den målsägarejorden eller Gaiaen och hennes kunde kunde intresserar underrättsadvokater val passa och fordra göras och om segrat, vive för etableringen av en global grön bundna medel administreras på planetvägnar och by??? är vem though ifrågasätta? Vem är färdig att klara av den globala Gaiaen eller att jorda en kontakt, intresserar förtroende med av både mänsklighet och planet på paren.
Inte säker förmiddag I valen att bry sig till mycket om att redogöra, dem har hårt nog ett vid liv tidordstäv….,
så….,?????
Välla fram dess som fås förbryllat mig? Vem figurerar du kunde klara av a??? väl för triljon$ för något att säga 4 bundna medel i och för jordstörsta vikt?
Ingen inte findhorn
för Bill Gates hmmmmmbrunn kanske eller UNNA? eller grön fred?
brunn I hade idén att du kunde framkalla och paraplygruppen som baserades på som långt långt förenades och appell det gräsplanen och dem kunde organisera och att klara av fonderna som är liknande till som långt förenas hjälper långt gemenskapnon-vinster. Gröna grupper kunde att närma sig ”gräsplanen långt” med deras gröna handlingsplaner, och gröna samhällevitsord och gräsplanen långt kunde väga förslagen och administrera fonderna och sådan på de bekymmer. Skulle organisationar måste att ha riktigt organisatoriskt att strukturera, men styrkan mottar någon vägledning från gräsplanen långt i riktig organisation och stiger ombord och medlemutveckling.
någon-som
det är min tänkande
Ed-jonas
Зеленая дорога
Automatically translated into Russian thanks to WorldLingo
Мир здравствуйте!
зеленого
рассвета
земли 23-ье янв. 2008 среды
дороги холодный…
Наилучшим образом согласно прошлой экологической хозяйственной теории, гуманность задолжает земле грубо 8 триллиону долларам в и для unpaid обслуживаний и таких.
То будет наличными деньгами или chargex?
Серьезно в законе и именем земли или Gaia истца и ее solicitors костюм и заявка китов смогли быть сделаны и если выиграно смогли vive для установки глобального зеленого целевого фонда быть administered на в интересах и интересах планет мимо??? однако будет вопросом? Приспособлено для того чтобы управлять глобальный Gaia или доверием земли с интересами как гуманности, так и планеты на cPar.
Я не уверен киты забочу к много о бухгалтерии, они имеют крепко достаточный говорить времени живой….
так….?????
Хлынутся свои полученные меня stumped? Вы вычисляете смогли управлять a??? хорошее мнение 4 триллион целевых фондов $ в и для наилучших процентах земли?
Отсутствие не findhorn
добра hmmmmm Bill Gates возможно или ООН? или зеленый мир?
добро iий имело идею что вы смогли превратиться и группа зонтик основанная на соединенной дороге и вызвать зелеными дорогой и ими смог организовать и управлять фондами подобными к дороге соединенная, котор дорога помогает общине non-приносит пользу. Зеленые группы смогли причалить «зеленой дороге» с их зелеными программами действий и зеленые credentials общества и зеленая дорога смогли утяжелить предложения и administer фонды и такие на тех заботах. Организации должны иметь правильный организационныа структуры но могли бы получить некоторое наведение от зеленой дороги в правильной организации и взойти на борт и развитии члена.
люб-
то будет моими думая
jonas Ed
De groene Manier
Automatically translated into Dutch thanks to WorldLingo
Groen Januari
, van 2008 van de Woensdag van de Aarde
de Cool
hello wereld van de Manier
23 van Dawn…
Goed volgens verleden ecologische economische theorie, is het Mensdom de Aarde ruwweg 8 Triljoen dollars in en voor de onbetaalde diensten en zulke verschuldigd.
Zal dat contant geld of chargex zijn?
Ernstig in wet en namens de aanklagerAarde of Gaia en haar rechtskundig adviseurs zouden kostuum van de walvissen en een eis kunnen worden gemaakt en indien gewonnen konden vive voor de totstandbrenging van globale groene toevertrouwde gelden die op planetennaam en de belangen langs moeten worden beheerd??? wie niettemin is de vraag? Who is geschikt om het Globale Gaia of Vertrouwen van de Aarde met de belangen van zowel het mensdom als de planeet bij paragraaf te beheren.
Ik ben niet zeker de walvissenzorg aan veel over boekhouding, zij hard genoeg tijd levend zeggen…. hebben
zo….?????
Goed stumped zijn gekregen me? Who komt u voor kon a?? leiden? goed 4 Triljoen $ zeg toevertrouwde gelden in en voor de beste belangen van de Aarde?
Geen niet Bill Gates
hmmmmm goed findhorn misschien of V.N.? of Greenpeace?
goed had ik het idee dat u zich kon ontwikkelen en en paraplugroep die op de Verenigde Manier wordt gebaseerd het de Groene Manier roepen en zij de fondsen organiseren en konden leiden gelijkend op de manier de Verenigde de hulp communautaire niet-winsten van de Manier. De groene groepen konden de „Groene Manier“ met hun groene actieplannen en groene de maatschappijgeloofsbrieven naderen en de Groene Manier kon de voorstellen wegen en de fondsen en zulke op die zorgen beheren. De organisaties zouden juiste organisatorische structuur moeten zouden hebben maar wat begeleiding van de Groene Manier in juiste organisatie en raad en lidontwikkeling kunnen ontvangen.
om het even welke
dat mijn het denken ED
Jonas is
الطريق خضراء
Automatically translated into Arabic thanks to WorldLingo
الخضراء طريق
يناير - كانون الثّاني 23, 2008
يوم الأربعاء
أرض فجر باردة
[هلّو] عالم…
جيّدا وفقا ل [إكنوميك ثيوري] سابقة بيئيّة, يستدين إنسانية الأرض تقريبا 8 تريليون دولارات في ولخدمات غير مدفوع ومثل هذا.
أنّ سيكون نقد أو [شرجإكس]?
بجدّيّة في قانون و [أن بهلف وف] المدعية أرض أو [غيا] وه مستجدات الأحوات دعوى وإدعاء استطاع كنت جعلت وإن يربح استطاع [فيف] للإقامة من شاملة خضراء ثقة مال أن يكون أدرت على الكواكب منفعة وفوائد جانبا??? الذي مع ذلك يكون السؤال? الذي يكون لاءمت أن يدير الشاملة [غيا] أو أرض ثقة مع الفوائد من على حدّ سواء إنسانية والكوكب في [بر.].
أنا لست يوقن الأحوات يهتمّ إلى كثير حول محاسبة, يتلقّى هم بشدّة بما فيه الكفاية وقت يقول حيّة….
هكذا….?????
ينبجس ه يحصلني [ستثمبد]? الذي أنت تحسب استطاع أدرت [ا]??? رأي جيّدة 4 تريليون $ ثقة مال في ولالأرض [ولّ ينترست]?
ما من لا [بيلّ غت]
[همّمّم] بئر [فيندهورن] ربّما أو المنظّمة الأمم المتّحدة? أو سلام خضراء?
تلقّى بئر [إي] الفكرة أنّ أنت استطاع طوّرت ومظلة مجموعة يؤسّس على ال يوحّد طريق ودعات هو الطريق خضراء وهم استطاع نظّمت وأدرت الأموال مماثلة إلى الطريق ال يوحّد طريق يساعد جماعة [نون-بروفيتس]. مجموعة خضراء استطاع قاربت ال "طريق خضراء" مع [أكأيشن بلن] هم خضراء وخضراء مجتمعة ورقة اعتماد والطريق خضراء استطاع ثاقلت الاقتراحات وأدرت الأموال ومثل هذا على أنّ اهتمامات. تنظيمات اضطرّ يتلقّى [أرغنيزأيشنل ستروكتثر] مناسبة غير أنّ أمكن استلمت بعض إرشاد من الطريق خضراء في تنظيم مناسبة وطلعت وعضوة تطوير.
[أن-وهو]
أنّ يكون ي يفكّر
[إد] [جونس]
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| January 23, 2008 | 9:39 AM |
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Societal Speed and Global Warming
available in: (original) | | | | | | | | |
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Jan 14, 2008
Earth
Monday
STANDARD TIME MAY BE CAUSING GLOBAL WARMING
The engine of standard time may be causing global warming, thus we
have to slow things down to restore the Earth
normal temperature and carbon cycle
but how and by how much. But on the bright
side we may have inadvertently found a means of climate control
as there would seem to be a "direct" correlation between standard time/societal speed and planet warming.
A. Jonas
http://reddeeralta.googlepages.com/recontemp.jpg
Vitesse sociale et chauffage global
Automatically translated into French thanks to WorldLingo
La terre
lundi
du 14 jan. 2008
le TEMPS que STANDARD PEUT ÊTRE CAUSER GLOBAL CHAUFFANT
le moteur du temps standard peut causer le chauffage global, ainsi nous
devons ralentir des choses pour avaler pour reconstituer la température
de la terre et le cycle de carbone normaux
mais comment et par combien. Mais du côté
lumineux nous avons pu avoir par distraction fondé des moyens de commande de climat
car il semblerait y avoir « dirigent » la corrélation entre le moment standard/la vitesse et chauffage sociaux de planète.
A. Jonas
http://reddeeralta.googlepages.com/recontemp.jpg
Velocidad Societal y el calentarse global
Automatically translated into Spanish thanks to WorldLingo
La tierra
lunes
del 14 Ene de 2008 que
HORA ESTÁNDAR PUEDE SER EL CAUSAR GLOBAL CALENTANDO
el motor de la hora estándar puede causar calentarse global, así
tenemos que retardar cosas para tragar para restaurar la temperatura
de la tierra y el ciclo de carbón normales
pero cómo y por cuánto. Pero en el lado
brillante pudimos haber encontrado inadvertidamente medios del control del clima
pues se parecería haber “dirige” la correlación entre la hora estándar/la velocidad y calentarse societal del planeta.
A. Jonas
http://reddeeralta.googlepages.com/recontemp.jpg
Velocità sociale e riscaldamento globale
Automatically translated into Italian thanks to WorldLingo
La terra
lunedì che
del 14 gen. 2008
TEMPO STANDARD PUÒ ESSERE CAUSARE GLOBALE SCALDANDO
il motore di tempo standard può causare il riscaldamento globale, così
dobbiamo ritardare le cose per scolarci per ristabilire la temperatura
della terra ed il ciclo di carbonio normali
ma da come e da quanto. Ma dal lato
luminoso possiamo trovare involontariamente i mezzi di controllo di clima
poichè ci sembrerebbe essere “dirige„ la correlazione fra tempo standard/velocità e riscaldamento sociali del pianeta.
A. Jonas
http://reddeeralta.googlepages.com/recontemp.jpg
Gesellschaftliche Geschwindigkeit und globales Wärmen
Automatically translated into German thanks to WorldLingo
14. Jan. 2008
Masse
Montag, den
STANDARDzeit DAS VERURSACHEN SEIN MAG GLOBAL, die
Maschine der Standardzeit WÄRMEND, kann das globale Wärmen verursachen, so müssen
wir Sachen verlangsamen niederzuwerfen, um die Masse normale
Temperatur und den Carbonzyklus wieder herzustellen
aber wie und durch wieviel. Aber auf der hellen
Seite können wir Mittel der Klimasteuerung unbeabsichtigt gefunden haben,
da es scheinen würden, geben „verweisen“ Wechselbeziehung zwischen Standardzeit/dem gesellschaftliche Geschwindigkeit und Planet Wärmen.
A. Jonas
http://reddeeralta.googlepages.com/recontemp.jpg
Velocidade Societal e aquecer-se global
Automatically translated into Portuguese thanks to WorldLingo
A terra segunda-feira onde janeiro de 14
,
2008
TEMPO PADRÃO PODE SER CAUSAR GLOBAL AQUECENDO
o motor do tempo padrão pode causar aquecer-se global, assim nós
temos que retardar coisas para tragar para restaurar a temperatura
da terra e o ciclo de carbono normais
mas por como e por quanto. Mas no lado
brilhante nós podemos inadvertidamente ter encontrado meios do controle do clima
porque pareceria haver “dirige” a correlação entre o tempo padrão/a velocidade e se aquecer societal do planeta.
A. Jonas
http://reddeeralta.googlepages.com/recontemp.jpg
Societal rusad och global Warming
Automatically translated into Swedish thanks to WorldLingo
MAJ för Jan 14,
2008
jord
Måndag NORMALTID ÄR ATT ORSAKA som ÄR GLOBALT WARMING
motorn av normaltid, kan orsaka global warming, således måste
vi att sakta saker besegrar till återställandet jord
det normalatemperaturen, och kol cyklar
men hur, och vid hur mycket. Men på den ljusa
sidan kan vi oavsiktligt ha funnit hjälpmedel av klimatet kontrollerar
, som där skulle, verkar för att vara ”riktar” korrelation mellan normaltid/societal rusad och för planet warming.
A. Jonas
http://reddeeralta.googlepages.com/recontemp.jpg
Социетальная скорость и глобальный греть
Automatically translated into Russian thanks to WorldLingo
Земля
понедельник
14-ое янв. 2008
, котор ВРЕМЕНЯ MAY БЫТЬ ПРИЧИНЯТЬ ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЙ ГРЕЮЩ
двигатель временени может причинять глобальный греть, таким образом мы
должны замедлять вплоть вещей до восстановление температура
земли нормальные и цикл углерода
но как и. Но на яркой
стороне мы можем невольно найти середины управления климата
по мере того как показалось бы, что было «направляют» корреляцию между времененем/социетальными скоростью и греть планеты.
A. Jonas
http://reddeeralta.googlepages.com/recontemp.jpg
Sociale Snelheid en het Globale Verwarmen
Automatically translated into Dutch thanks to WorldLingo
14 januari, de Maandag
van de Aarde
van 2008
STANDAARDTIME GLOBAAL MAG VEROORZAKEN VERWARMEND
de motor van standaardtijd kan het globale verwarmen veroorzaken, dus moeten
wij dingen neer vertragen om de normale temperatuur
van de Aarde en de koolstofkringloop maar
hoe en door hoeveel te herstellen. Maar aan de heldere
kant kunnen wij een middel van klimaatcontrole per ongeluk gevonden hebben
aangezien er een „directe“ correlatie zou schijnen te zijn tussen standaardtijd/het sociale snelheid en planeet verwarmen.
A. Jonas
http://reddeeralta.googlepages.com/recontemp.jpg
سرعة إجتماعيّ وشاملة يسخّن
Automatically translated into Arabic thanks to WorldLingo
يناير - كانون الثّاني 14, 2008
أرض
يوم الإثنين
وقت معياريّة يمكن كنت يسبّب شاملة يسخّن
المحرك ال [ستندرد تيم] يمكن كنت سبّبت شاملة يسخّن, لذلك نحن
يضطرّ تمهّلت أشياء أنزلت أن يحيي الأرض
عاديّة درجة حرارة و [كربون سكل]
غير أنّ كيف وب كم. غير أنّ على الجانب ساطعة
نحن يمكن يتلقّى سهوا أسّست [منس] من مناخ تحكم
بما أنّ هناك بدا أن يكون "يوجّه" إرتباط بين وقت معياريّة/سرعة إجتماعيّ وكوكب يسخّن.
[أ.]. [جونس]
http://reddeeralta.googlepages.com/recontemp.jpg
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| January 14, 2008 | 5:18 AM |
| January 11, 2008 | 11:23 AM |
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